feat(pipeline): add high-level Crawler utility class for simplified web crawling

Add new Crawler class that provides a simplified interface for both single and batch URL crawling operations. Key features include:
- Simple single URL crawling with configurable options
- Parallel batch crawling with concurrency control
- Shared browser hub support for resource efficiency
- Progress tracking and custom retry strategies
- Comprehensive error handling and retry logic

Remove demo and extended test files in favor of new focused test suite.

.gitignore

@@ -255,3 +255,6 @@ continue_config.json
 
 .llm.env
 .private/
+
+CLAUDE_MONITOR.md
+CLAUDE.md

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,39 @@ All notable changes to Crawl4AI will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## Version 0.5.0.post5 (2025-03-14)
+
+### Added
+
+- *(crawler)* Add experimental parameters dictionary to CrawlerRunConfig to support beta features
+- *(tables)* Add comprehensive table detection and extraction functionality with scoring system
+- *(monitor)* Add real-time crawler monitoring system with memory management
+- *(content)* Add target_elements parameter for selective content extraction
+- *(browser)* Add standalone CDP browser launch capability
+- *(schema)* Add preprocess_html_for_schema utility for better HTML cleaning
+- *(api)* Add special handling for single URL requests in Docker API
+
+### Changed
+
+- *(filters)* Add reverse option to URLPatternFilter for inverting filter logic
+- *(browser)* Make CSP nonce headers optional via experimental config
+- *(browser)* Remove default cookie injection from page initialization
+- *(crawler)* Optimize response handling for single-URL processing
+- *(api)* Refactor crawl request handling to streamline processing
+- *(config)* Update default provider to gpt-4o
+- *(cache)* Change default cache_mode from aggressive to bypass in examples
+
+### Fixed
+
+- *(browser)* Clean up browser context creation code
+- *(api)* Improve code formatting in API handler
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+- WebScrapingStrategy no longer returns 'scraped_html' in its output dictionary
+- Table extraction logic has been modified to better handle thead/tbody structures
+- Default cookie injection has been removed from page initialization
+
 ## Version 0.5.0 (2025-03-02)
 
 ### Added

crawl4ai/__init__.py

@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ import warnings
 from .async_webcrawler import AsyncWebCrawler, CacheMode
 from .async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, HTTPCrawlerConfig, LLMConfig
 
+from .pipeline.pipeline import (
+    Pipeline,
+    create_pipeline,
+)
+from .pipeline.crawler import Crawler
+
 from .content_scraping_strategy import (
     ContentScrapingStrategy,
     WebScrapingStrategy,
@@ -33,13 +39,12 @@ from .content_filter_strategy import (
     LLMContentFilter,
     RelevantContentFilter,
 )
-from .models import CrawlResult, MarkdownGenerationResult
+from .models import CrawlResult, MarkdownGenerationResult, DisplayMode
+from .components.crawler_monitor import CrawlerMonitor
 from .async_dispatcher import (
     MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher,
     SemaphoreDispatcher,
     RateLimiter,
-    CrawlerMonitor,
-    DisplayMode,
     BaseDispatcher,
 )
 from .docker_client import Crawl4aiDockerClient
@@ -66,7 +71,14 @@ from .deep_crawling import (
     DeepCrawlDecorator,
 )
 
+from .async_crawler_strategy import AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy, AsyncHTTPCrawlerStrategy
+
 __all__ = [
+    "Pipeline",
+    "AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy",
+    "AsyncHTTPCrawlerStrategy",
+    "create_pipeline",
+    "Crawler",
     "AsyncLoggerBase",
     "AsyncLogger",
     "AsyncWebCrawler",

crawl4ai/__version__.py

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 # crawl4ai/_version.py
-__version__ = "0.5.0.post4"
+__version__ = "0.5.0.post8"

crawl4ai/async_configs.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import os
 from .config import (
     DEFAULT_PROVIDER,
+    DEFAULT_PROVIDER_API_KEY,
     MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD,
     IMAGE_DESCRIPTION_MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD,
     PROVIDER_MODELS,
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ from .user_agent_generator import UAGen, ValidUAGenerator  # , OnlineUAGenerator
 from .extraction_strategy import ExtractionStrategy, LLMExtractionStrategy
 from .chunking_strategy import ChunkingStrategy, RegexChunking
 
-from .markdown_generation_strategy import MarkdownGenerationStrategy
+from .markdown_generation_strategy import MarkdownGenerationStrategy, DefaultMarkdownGenerator
 from .content_scraping_strategy import ContentScrapingStrategy, WebScrapingStrategy
 from .deep_crawling import DeepCrawlStrategy
 
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 from enum import Enum
 
 from .proxy_strategy import ProxyConfig
+try:
+    from .browser.models import DockerConfig
+except ImportError:
+    DockerConfig = None
 
 
 def to_serializable_dict(obj: Any, ignore_default_value : bool = False) -> Dict:
@@ -168,6 +173,12 @@ class BrowserConfig:
                             Default: "chromium".
         headless (bool): Whether to run the browser in headless mode (no visible GUI).
                          Default: True.
+        browser_mode (str): Determines how the browser should be initialized:
+                           "builtin" - use the builtin CDP browser running in background
+                           "dedicated" - create a new dedicated browser instance each time
+                           "cdp" - use explicit CDP settings provided in cdp_url
+                           "docker" - run browser in Docker container with isolation
+                           Default: "dedicated"
         use_managed_browser (bool): Launch the browser using a managed approach (e.g., via CDP), allowing
                                     advanced manipulation. Default: False.
         cdp_url (str): URL for the Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP) endpoint. Default: "ws://localhost:9222/devtools/browser/".
@@ -184,6 +195,8 @@ class BrowserConfig:
                              Default: None.
         proxy_config (ProxyConfig or dict or None): Detailed proxy configuration, e.g. {"server": "...", "username": "..."}.
                                      If None, no additional proxy config. Default: None.
+        docker_config (DockerConfig or dict or None): Configuration for Docker-based browser automation.
+                                     Contains settings for Docker container operation. Default: None.
         viewport_width (int): Default viewport width for pages. Default: 1080.
         viewport_height (int): Default viewport height for pages. Default: 600.
         viewport (dict): Default viewport dimensions for pages. If set, overrides viewport_width and viewport_height.
@@ -194,7 +207,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
                                  Default: False.
         downloads_path (str or None): Directory to store downloaded files. If None and accept_downloads is True,
                                       a default path will be created. Default: None.
-        storage_state (str or dict or None): Path or object describing storage state (cookies, localStorage).
+        storage_state (str or dict or None): An in-memory storage state (cookies, localStorage).
                                              Default: None.
         ignore_https_errors (bool): Ignore HTTPS certificate errors. Default: True.
         java_script_enabled (bool): Enable JavaScript execution in pages. Default: True.
@@ -220,6 +233,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         self,
         browser_type: str = "chromium",
         headless: bool = True,
+        browser_mode: str = "dedicated",
         use_managed_browser: bool = False,
         cdp_url: str = None,
         use_persistent_context: bool = False,
@@ -228,6 +242,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         channel: str = "chromium",
         proxy: str = None,
         proxy_config: Union[ProxyConfig, dict, None] = None,
+        docker_config: Union[DockerConfig, dict, None] = None,
         viewport_width: int = 1080,
         viewport_height: int = 600,
         viewport: dict = None,
@@ -255,7 +270,8 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         host: str = "localhost",
     ):
         self.browser_type = browser_type
-        self.headless = headless
+        self.headless = headless 
+        self.browser_mode = browser_mode
         self.use_managed_browser = use_managed_browser
         self.cdp_url = cdp_url
         self.use_persistent_context = use_persistent_context
@@ -267,6 +283,16 @@ class BrowserConfig:
             self.chrome_channel = ""
         self.proxy = proxy
         self.proxy_config = proxy_config
+        
+        # Handle docker configuration
+        if isinstance(docker_config, dict) and DockerConfig is not None:
+            self.docker_config = DockerConfig.from_kwargs(docker_config)
+        else:
+            self.docker_config = docker_config
+
+        if self.docker_config:
+            self.user_data_dir = self.docker_config.user_data_dir
+
         self.viewport_width = viewport_width
         self.viewport_height = viewport_height
         self.viewport = viewport
@@ -289,6 +315,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         self.sleep_on_close = sleep_on_close
         self.verbose = verbose
         self.debugging_port = debugging_port
+        self.host = host
 
         fa_user_agenr_generator = ValidUAGenerator()
         if self.user_agent_mode == "random":
@@ -301,6 +328,22 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         self.browser_hint = UAGen.generate_client_hints(self.user_agent)
         self.headers.setdefault("sec-ch-ua", self.browser_hint)
 
+        # Set appropriate browser management flags based on browser_mode
+        if self.browser_mode == "builtin":
+            # Builtin mode uses managed browser connecting to builtin CDP endpoint
+            self.use_managed_browser = True
+            # cdp_url will be set later by browser_manager
+        elif self.browser_mode == "docker":
+            # Docker mode uses managed browser with CDP to connect to browser in container
+            self.use_managed_browser = True
+            # cdp_url will be set later by docker browser strategy
+        elif self.browser_mode == "custom" and self.cdp_url:
+            # Custom mode with explicit CDP URL
+            self.use_managed_browser = True
+        elif self.browser_mode == "dedicated":
+            # Dedicated mode uses a new browser instance each time
+            pass
+
         # If persistent context is requested, ensure managed browser is enabled
         if self.use_persistent_context:
             self.use_managed_browser = True
@@ -310,6 +353,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
         return BrowserConfig(
             browser_type=kwargs.get("browser_type", "chromium"),
             headless=kwargs.get("headless", True),
+            browser_mode=kwargs.get("browser_mode", "dedicated"),
             use_managed_browser=kwargs.get("use_managed_browser", False),
             cdp_url=kwargs.get("cdp_url"),
             use_persistent_context=kwargs.get("use_persistent_context", False),
@@ -318,6 +362,7 @@ class BrowserConfig:
             channel=kwargs.get("channel", "chromium"),
             proxy=kwargs.get("proxy"),
             proxy_config=kwargs.get("proxy_config", None),
+            docker_config=kwargs.get("docker_config", None),
             viewport_width=kwargs.get("viewport_width", 1080),
             viewport_height=kwargs.get("viewport_height", 600),
             accept_downloads=kwargs.get("accept_downloads", False),
@@ -337,12 +382,15 @@ class BrowserConfig:
             text_mode=kwargs.get("text_mode", False),
             light_mode=kwargs.get("light_mode", False),
             extra_args=kwargs.get("extra_args", []),
+            debugging_port=kwargs.get("debugging_port", 9222),
+            host=kwargs.get("host", "localhost"),
         )
 
     def to_dict(self):
-        return {
+        result = {
             "browser_type": self.browser_type,
             "headless": self.headless,
+            "browser_mode": self.browser_mode,
             "use_managed_browser": self.use_managed_browser,
             "cdp_url": self.cdp_url,
             "use_persistent_context": self.use_persistent_context,
@@ -369,7 +417,17 @@ class BrowserConfig:
             "sleep_on_close": self.sleep_on_close,
             "verbose": self.verbose,
             "debugging_port": self.debugging_port,
+            "host": self.host,
         }
+        
+        # Include docker_config if it exists
+        if hasattr(self, "docker_config") and self.docker_config is not None:
+            if hasattr(self.docker_config, "to_dict"):
+                result["docker_config"] = self.docker_config.to_dict()
+            else:
+                result["docker_config"] = self.docker_config
+                
+        return result
 
     def clone(self, **kwargs):
         """Create a copy of this configuration with updated values.
@@ -649,6 +707,12 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
         user_agent_generator_config (dict or None): Configuration for user agent generation if user_agent_mode is set.
                                                     Default: None.
 
+        # Experimental Parameters
+        experimental (dict): Dictionary containing experimental parameters that are in beta phase.
+                            This allows passing temporary features that are not yet fully integrated 
+                            into the main parameter set.
+                            Default: None.
+
         url: str = None  # This is not a compulsory parameter
     """
 
@@ -658,7 +722,7 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
         word_count_threshold: int = MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD,
         extraction_strategy: ExtractionStrategy = None,
         chunking_strategy: ChunkingStrategy = RegexChunking(),
-        markdown_generator: MarkdownGenerationStrategy = None,
+        markdown_generator: MarkdownGenerationStrategy = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(),
         only_text: bool = False,
         css_selector: str = None,
         target_elements: List[str] = None,
@@ -731,6 +795,8 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
         user_agent_generator_config: dict = {},
         # Deep Crawl Parameters
         deep_crawl_strategy: Optional[DeepCrawlStrategy] = None,
+        # Experimental Parameters
+        experimental: Dict[str, Any] = None,
     ):
         # TODO: Planning to set properties dynamically based on the __init__ signature
         self.url = url
@@ -844,6 +910,9 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
 
         # Deep Crawl Parameters
         self.deep_crawl_strategy = deep_crawl_strategy
+        
+        # Experimental Parameters
+        self.experimental = experimental or {}
 
 
     def __getattr__(self, name):
@@ -952,6 +1021,8 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
             # Deep Crawl Parameters
             deep_crawl_strategy=kwargs.get("deep_crawl_strategy"),
             url=kwargs.get("url"),
+            # Experimental Parameters 
+            experimental=kwargs.get("experimental"),
         )
 
     # Create a funciton returns dict of the object
@@ -1036,6 +1107,7 @@ class CrawlerRunConfig():
             "user_agent_generator_config": self.user_agent_generator_config,
             "deep_crawl_strategy": self.deep_crawl_strategy,
             "url": self.url,
+            "experimental": self.experimental,
         }
 
     def clone(self, **kwargs):
@@ -1071,6 +1143,13 @@ class LLMConfig:
         provider: str = DEFAULT_PROVIDER,
         api_token: Optional[str] = None,
         base_url: Optional[str] = None,
+        temprature: Optional[float] = None,
+        max_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
+        top_p: Optional[float] = None,
+        frequency_penalty: Optional[float] = None,
+        presence_penalty: Optional[float] = None,
+        stop: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        n: Optional[int] = None,    
     ):
         """Configuaration class for LLM provider and API token."""
         self.provider = provider
@@ -1080,10 +1159,16 @@ class LLMConfig:
             self.api_token = os.getenv(api_token[4:])
         else:
             self.api_token = PROVIDER_MODELS.get(provider, "no-token") or os.getenv(
-                "OPENAI_API_KEY"
+                DEFAULT_PROVIDER_API_KEY
             )
         self.base_url = base_url
-
+        self.temprature = temprature
+        self.max_tokens = max_tokens
+        self.top_p = top_p
+        self.frequency_penalty = frequency_penalty
+        self.presence_penalty = presence_penalty
+        self.stop = stop
+        self.n = n
 
     @staticmethod
     def from_kwargs(kwargs: dict) -> "LLMConfig":
@@ -1091,13 +1176,27 @@ class LLMConfig:
             provider=kwargs.get("provider", DEFAULT_PROVIDER),
             api_token=kwargs.get("api_token"),
             base_url=kwargs.get("base_url"),
+            temprature=kwargs.get("temprature"),
+            max_tokens=kwargs.get("max_tokens"),
+            top_p=kwargs.get("top_p"),
+            frequency_penalty=kwargs.get("frequency_penalty"),
+            presence_penalty=kwargs.get("presence_penalty"),
+            stop=kwargs.get("stop"),
+            n=kwargs.get("n")
         )
 
     def to_dict(self):
         return {
             "provider": self.provider,
             "api_token": self.api_token,
-            "base_url": self.base_url
+            "base_url": self.base_url,
+            "temprature": self.temprature,
+            "max_tokens": self.max_tokens,
+            "top_p": self.top_p,
+            "frequency_penalty": self.frequency_penalty,
+            "presence_penalty": self.presence_penalty,
+            "stop": self.stop,
+            "n": self.n
         }
 
     def clone(self, **kwargs):

crawl4ai/async_crawler_strategy.py

@@ -505,12 +505,17 @@ class AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(AsyncCrawlerStrategy):
             )
 
         # Get page for session
-        page, context = await self.browser_manager.get_page(crawlerRunConfig=config)
+        try:
+            page, context, _ = await self.browser_manager.get_page(crawlerRunConfig=config)
+        except Exception as e:
+            page, context = await self.browser_manager.get_page(crawlerRunConfig=config)
+
+        # await page.goto(URL)
 
         # Add default cookie
-        await context.add_cookies(
-            [{"name": "cookiesEnabled", "value": "true", "url": url}]
-        )
+        # await context.add_cookies(
+        #     [{"name": "cookiesEnabled", "value": "true", "url": url}]
+        # )
 
         # Handle navigator overrides
         if config.override_navigator or config.simulate_user or config.magic:
@@ -562,14 +567,15 @@ class AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(AsyncCrawlerStrategy):
 
                 try:
                     # Generate a unique nonce for this request
-                    nonce = hashlib.sha256(os.urandom(32)).hexdigest()
+                    if config.experimental.get("use_csp_nonce", False):
+                        nonce = hashlib.sha256(os.urandom(32)).hexdigest()
 
-                    # Add CSP headers to the request
-                    await page.set_extra_http_headers(
-                        {
-                            "Content-Security-Policy": f"default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'nonce-{nonce}' 'strict-dynamic'"
-                        }
-                    )
+                        # Add CSP headers to the request
+                        await page.set_extra_http_headers(
+                            {
+                                "Content-Security-Policy": f"default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'nonce-{nonce}' 'strict-dynamic'"
+                            }
+                        )
 
                     response = await page.goto(
                         url, wait_until=config.wait_until, timeout=config.page_timeout
@@ -619,7 +625,7 @@ class AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(AsyncCrawlerStrategy):
             except Error:
                 visibility_info = await self.check_visibility(page)
 
-                if self.config.verbose:
+                if config.verbose:
                     self.logger.debug(
                         message="Body visibility info: {info}",
                         tag="DEBUG",

crawl4ai/async_database.py

@@ -4,19 +4,14 @@ import aiosqlite
 import asyncio
 from typing import Optional, Dict
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-import json  # Added for serialization/deserialization
-from .utils import ensure_content_dirs, generate_content_hash
+import json  
 from .models import CrawlResult, MarkdownGenerationResult, StringCompatibleMarkdown
-# , StringCompatibleMarkdown
 import aiofiles
-from .utils import VersionManager
 from .async_logger import AsyncLogger
-from .utils import get_error_context, create_box_message
 
-# Set up logging
-# logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
-# logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-# logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+from .utils import ensure_content_dirs, generate_content_hash
+from .utils import VersionManager
+from .utils import get_error_context, create_box_message
 
 base_directory = DB_PATH = os.path.join(
     os.getenv("CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY", Path.home()), ".crawl4ai"

crawl4ai/async_dispatcher.py

@@ -4,17 +4,15 @@ from .models import (
     CrawlResult,
     CrawlerTaskResult,
     CrawlStatus,
-    DisplayMode,
-    CrawlStats,
     DomainState,
 )
 
-from rich.live import Live
-from rich.table import Table
-from rich.console import Console
-from rich import box
-from datetime import timedelta, datetime
+from .components.crawler_monitor import CrawlerMonitor
+
+from .types import AsyncWebCrawler
+
 from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+
 import time
 import psutil
 import asyncio
@@ -24,8 +22,6 @@ from urllib.parse import urlparse
 import random
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
-from math import inf as infinity
-
 
 class RateLimiter:
     def __init__(
@@ -87,201 +83,6 @@ class RateLimiter:
         return True
 
 
-class CrawlerMonitor:
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        max_visible_rows: int = 15,
-        display_mode: DisplayMode = DisplayMode.DETAILED,
-    ):
-        self.console = Console()
-        self.max_visible_rows = max_visible_rows
-        self.display_mode = display_mode
-        self.stats: Dict[str, CrawlStats] = {}
-        self.process = psutil.Process()
-        self.start_time = time.time()
-        self.live = Live(self._create_table(), refresh_per_second=2)
-
-    def start(self):
-        self.live.start()
-
-    def stop(self):
-        self.live.stop()
-
-    def add_task(self, task_id: str, url: str):
-        self.stats[task_id] = CrawlStats(
-            task_id=task_id, url=url, status=CrawlStatus.QUEUED
-        )
-        self.live.update(self._create_table())
-
-    def update_task(self, task_id: str, **kwargs):
-        if task_id in self.stats:
-            for key, value in kwargs.items():
-                setattr(self.stats[task_id], key, value)
-            self.live.update(self._create_table())
-
-    def _create_aggregated_table(self) -> Table:
-        """Creates a compact table showing only aggregated statistics"""
-        table = Table(
-            box=box.ROUNDED,
-            title="Crawler Status Overview",
-            title_style="bold magenta",
-            header_style="bold blue",
-            show_lines=True,
-        )
-
-        # Calculate statistics
-        total_tasks = len(self.stats)
-        queued = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.QUEUED
-        )
-        in_progress = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS
-        )
-        completed = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.COMPLETED
-        )
-        failed = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.FAILED
-        )
-
-        # Memory statistics
-        current_memory = self.process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
-        total_task_memory = sum(stat.memory_usage for stat in self.stats.values())
-        peak_memory = max(
-            (stat.peak_memory for stat in self.stats.values()), default=0.0
-        )
-
-        # Duration
-        duration = time.time() - self.start_time
-
-        # Create status row
-        table.add_column("Status", style="bold cyan")
-        table.add_column("Count", justify="right")
-        table.add_column("Percentage", justify="right")
-
-        table.add_row("Total Tasks", str(total_tasks), "100%")
-        table.add_row(
-            "[yellow]In Queue[/yellow]",
-            str(queued),
-            f"{(queued / total_tasks * 100):.1f}%" if total_tasks > 0 else "0%",
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[blue]In Progress[/blue]",
-            str(in_progress),
-            f"{(in_progress / total_tasks * 100):.1f}%" if total_tasks > 0 else "0%",
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[green]Completed[/green]",
-            str(completed),
-            f"{(completed / total_tasks * 100):.1f}%" if total_tasks > 0 else "0%",
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[red]Failed[/red]",
-            str(failed),
-            f"{(failed / total_tasks * 100):.1f}%" if total_tasks > 0 else "0%",
-        )
-
-        # Add memory information
-        table.add_section()
-        table.add_row(
-            "[magenta]Current Memory[/magenta]", f"{current_memory:.1f} MB", ""
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[magenta]Total Task Memory[/magenta]", f"{total_task_memory:.1f} MB", ""
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[magenta]Peak Task Memory[/magenta]", f"{peak_memory:.1f} MB", ""
-        )
-        table.add_row(
-            "[yellow]Runtime[/yellow]",
-            str(timedelta(seconds=int(duration))),
-            "",
-        )
-
-        return table
-
-    def _create_detailed_table(self) -> Table:
-        table = Table(
-            box=box.ROUNDED,
-            title="Crawler Performance Monitor",
-            title_style="bold magenta",
-            header_style="bold blue",
-        )
-
-        # Add columns
-        table.add_column("Task ID", style="cyan", no_wrap=True)
-        table.add_column("URL", style="cyan", no_wrap=True)
-        table.add_column("Status", style="bold")
-        table.add_column("Memory (MB)", justify="right")
-        table.add_column("Peak (MB)", justify="right")
-        table.add_column("Duration", justify="right")
-        table.add_column("Info", style="italic")
-
-        # Add summary row
-        total_memory = sum(stat.memory_usage for stat in self.stats.values())
-        active_count = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS
-        )
-        completed_count = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.COMPLETED
-        )
-        failed_count = sum(
-            1 for stat in self.stats.values() if stat.status == CrawlStatus.FAILED
-        )
-
-        table.add_row(
-            "[bold yellow]SUMMARY",
-            f"Total: {len(self.stats)}",
-            f"Active: {active_count}",
-            f"{total_memory:.1f}",
-            f"{self.process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024):.1f}",
-            str(
-                timedelta(
-                    seconds=int(time.time() - self.start_time)
-                )
-            ),
-            f"✓{completed_count} ✗{failed_count}",
-            style="bold",
-        )
-
-        table.add_section()
-
-        # Add rows for each task
-        visible_stats = sorted(
-            self.stats.values(),
-            key=lambda x: (
-                x.status != CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS,
-                x.status != CrawlStatus.QUEUED,
-                x.end_time or infinity,
-            ),
-        )[: self.max_visible_rows]
-
-        for stat in visible_stats:
-            status_style = {
-                CrawlStatus.QUEUED: "white",
-                CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS: "yellow",
-                CrawlStatus.COMPLETED: "green",
-                CrawlStatus.FAILED: "red",
-            }[stat.status]
-
-            table.add_row(
-                stat.task_id[:8],  # Show first 8 chars of task ID
-                stat.url[:40] + "..." if len(stat.url) > 40 else stat.url,
-                f"[{status_style}]{stat.status.value}[/{status_style}]",
-                f"{stat.memory_usage:.1f}",
-                f"{stat.peak_memory:.1f}",
-                stat.duration,
-                stat.error_message[:40] if stat.error_message else "",
-            )
-
-        return table
-
-    def _create_table(self) -> Table:
-        """Creates the appropriate table based on display mode"""
-        if self.display_mode == DisplayMode.AGGREGATED:
-            return self._create_aggregated_table()
-        return self._create_detailed_table()
-
 
 class BaseDispatcher(ABC):
     def __init__(
@@ -309,7 +110,7 @@ class BaseDispatcher(ABC):
     async def run_urls(
         self,
         urls: List[str],
-        crawler: "AsyncWebCrawler",  # noqa: F821
+        crawler: AsyncWebCrawler,  # noqa: F821
         config: CrawlerRunConfig,
         monitor: Optional[CrawlerMonitor] = None,
     ) -> List[CrawlerTaskResult]:
@@ -320,71 +121,144 @@ class MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
     def __init__(
         self,
         memory_threshold_percent: float = 90.0,
+        critical_threshold_percent: float = 95.0,  # New critical threshold
+        recovery_threshold_percent: float = 85.0,  # New recovery threshold
         check_interval: float = 1.0,
         max_session_permit: int = 20,
-        memory_wait_timeout: float = 300.0,  # 5 minutes default timeout
+        fairness_timeout: float = 600.0,  # 10 minutes before prioritizing long-waiting URLs
         rate_limiter: Optional[RateLimiter] = None,
         monitor: Optional[CrawlerMonitor] = None,
     ):
         super().__init__(rate_limiter, monitor)
         self.memory_threshold_percent = memory_threshold_percent
+        self.critical_threshold_percent = critical_threshold_percent
+        self.recovery_threshold_percent = recovery_threshold_percent
         self.check_interval = check_interval
         self.max_session_permit = max_session_permit
-        self.memory_wait_timeout = memory_wait_timeout
-        self.result_queue = asyncio.Queue()  # Queue for storing results
-
+        self.fairness_timeout = fairness_timeout
+        self.result_queue = asyncio.Queue()
+        self.task_queue = asyncio.PriorityQueue()  # Priority queue for better management
+        self.memory_pressure_mode = False  # Flag to indicate when we're in memory pressure mode
+        self.current_memory_percent = 0.0  # Track current memory usage
+        
+    async def _memory_monitor_task(self):
+        """Background task to continuously monitor memory usage and update state"""
+        while True:
+            self.current_memory_percent = psutil.virtual_memory().percent
+            
+            # Enter memory pressure mode if we cross the threshold
+            if not self.memory_pressure_mode and self.current_memory_percent >= self.memory_threshold_percent:
+                self.memory_pressure_mode = True
+                if self.monitor:
+                    self.monitor.update_memory_status("PRESSURE")
+            
+            # Exit memory pressure mode if we go below recovery threshold
+            elif self.memory_pressure_mode and self.current_memory_percent <= self.recovery_threshold_percent:
+                self.memory_pressure_mode = False
+                if self.monitor:
+                    self.monitor.update_memory_status("NORMAL")
+            
+            # In critical mode, we might need to take more drastic action
+            if self.current_memory_percent >= self.critical_threshold_percent:
+                if self.monitor:
+                    self.monitor.update_memory_status("CRITICAL")
+                # We could implement additional memory-saving measures here
+                
+            await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval)
+    
+    def _get_priority_score(self, wait_time: float, retry_count: int) -> float:
+        """Calculate priority score (lower is higher priority)
+        - URLs waiting longer than fairness_timeout get higher priority
+        - More retry attempts decreases priority
+        """
+        if wait_time > self.fairness_timeout:
+            # High priority for long-waiting URLs
+            return -wait_time
+        # Standard priority based on retries
+        return retry_count
+    
     async def crawl_url(
         self,
         url: str,
         config: CrawlerRunConfig,
         task_id: str,
+        retry_count: int = 0,
     ) -> CrawlerTaskResult:
         start_time = time.time()
         error_message = ""
         memory_usage = peak_memory = 0.0
-
+        
+        # Get starting memory for accurate measurement
+        process = psutil.Process()
+        start_memory = process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
+        
         try:
             if self.monitor:
                 self.monitor.update_task(
-                    task_id, status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS, start_time=start_time
+                    task_id, 
+                    status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS, 
+                    start_time=start_time,
+                    retry_count=retry_count
                 )
+                
             self.concurrent_sessions += 1
-
+            
             if self.rate_limiter:
                 await self.rate_limiter.wait_if_needed(url)
-
-            process = psutil.Process()
-            start_memory = process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
+                
+            # Check if we're in critical memory state
+            if self.current_memory_percent >= self.critical_threshold_percent:
+                # Requeue this task with increased priority and retry count
+                enqueue_time = time.time()
+                priority = self._get_priority_score(enqueue_time - start_time, retry_count + 1)
+                await self.task_queue.put((priority, (url, task_id, retry_count + 1, enqueue_time)))
+                
+                # Update monitoring
+                if self.monitor:
+                    self.monitor.update_task(
+                        task_id,
+                        status=CrawlStatus.QUEUED,
+                        error_message="Requeued due to critical memory pressure"
+                    )
+                
+                # Return placeholder result with requeued status
+                return CrawlerTaskResult(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    url=url,
+                    result=CrawlResult(
+                        url=url, html="", metadata={"status": "requeued"}, 
+                        success=False, error_message="Requeued due to critical memory pressure"
+                    ),
+                    memory_usage=0,
+                    peak_memory=0,
+                    start_time=start_time,
+                    end_time=time.time(),
+                    error_message="Requeued due to critical memory pressure",
+                    retry_count=retry_count + 1
+                )
+            
+            # Execute the crawl
             result = await self.crawler.arun(url, config=config, session_id=task_id)
+            
+            # Measure memory usage
             end_memory = process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
-
             memory_usage = peak_memory = end_memory - start_memory
-
+            
+            # Handle rate limiting
             if self.rate_limiter and result.status_code:
                 if not self.rate_limiter.update_delay(url, result.status_code):
                     error_message = f"Rate limit retry count exceeded for domain {urlparse(url).netloc}"
                     if self.monitor:
                         self.monitor.update_task(task_id, status=CrawlStatus.FAILED)
-                    result = CrawlerTaskResult(
-                        task_id=task_id,
-                        url=url,
-                        result=result,
-                        memory_usage=memory_usage,
-                        peak_memory=peak_memory,
-                        start_time=start_time,
-                        end_time=time.time(),
-                        error_message=error_message,
-                    )
-                    await self.result_queue.put(result)
-                    return result
-
+                        
+            # Update status based on result
             if not result.success:
                 error_message = result.error_message
                 if self.monitor:
                     self.monitor.update_task(task_id, status=CrawlStatus.FAILED)
             elif self.monitor:
                 self.monitor.update_task(task_id, status=CrawlStatus.COMPLETED)
-
+                
         except Exception as e:
             error_message = str(e)
             if self.monitor:
@@ -392,7 +266,7 @@ class MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
             result = CrawlResult(
                 url=url, html="", metadata={}, success=False, error_message=str(e)
             )
-
+            
         finally:
             end_time = time.time()
             if self.monitor:
@@ -402,9 +276,10 @@ class MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
                     memory_usage=memory_usage,
                     peak_memory=peak_memory,
                     error_message=error_message,
+                    retry_count=retry_count
                 )
             self.concurrent_sessions -= 1
-
+            
         return CrawlerTaskResult(
             task_id=task_id,
             url=url,
@@ -414,116 +289,240 @@ class MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
             start_time=start_time,
             end_time=end_time,
             error_message=error_message,
+            retry_count=retry_count
         )
-
+        
     async def run_urls(
         self,
         urls: List[str],
-        crawler: "AsyncWebCrawler",  # noqa: F821
+        crawler: AsyncWebCrawler,
         config: CrawlerRunConfig,
     ) -> List[CrawlerTaskResult]:
         self.crawler = crawler
-
+        
+        # Start the memory monitor task
+        memory_monitor = asyncio.create_task(self._memory_monitor_task())
+        
         if self.monitor:
             self.monitor.start()
-
+            
+        results = []
+        
         try:
-            pending_tasks = []
-            active_tasks = []
-            task_queue = []
-
-            for url in urls:
-                task_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-                if self.monitor:
-                    self.monitor.add_task(task_id, url)
-                task_queue.append((url, task_id))
-
-            while task_queue or active_tasks:
-                wait_start_time = time.time()
-                while len(active_tasks) < self.max_session_permit and task_queue:
-                    if psutil.virtual_memory().percent >= self.memory_threshold_percent:
-                        # Check if we've exceeded the timeout
-                        if time.time() - wait_start_time > self.memory_wait_timeout:
-                            raise MemoryError(
-                                f"Memory usage above threshold ({self.memory_threshold_percent}%) for more than {self.memory_wait_timeout} seconds"
-                            )
-                        await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval)
-                        continue
-
-                    url, task_id = task_queue.pop(0)
-                    task = asyncio.create_task(self.crawl_url(url, config, task_id))
-                    active_tasks.append(task)
-
-                if not active_tasks:
-                    await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval)
-                    continue
-
-                done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
-                    active_tasks, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED
-                )
-
-                pending_tasks.extend(done)
-                active_tasks = list(pending)
-
-            return await asyncio.gather(*pending_tasks)
-        finally:
-            if self.monitor:
-                self.monitor.stop()
-
-    async def run_urls_stream(
-        self,
-        urls: List[str],
-        crawler: "AsyncWebCrawler", # noqa: F821
-        config: CrawlerRunConfig,
-    ) -> AsyncGenerator[CrawlerTaskResult, None]:
-        self.crawler = crawler
-        if self.monitor:
-            self.monitor.start()
-
-        try:
-            active_tasks = []
-            task_queue = []
-            completed_count = 0
-            total_urls = len(urls)
-
             # Initialize task queue
             for url in urls:
                 task_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
                 if self.monitor:
                     self.monitor.add_task(task_id, url)
-                task_queue.append((url, task_id))
-
-            while completed_count < total_urls:
-                # Start new tasks if memory permits
-                while len(active_tasks) < self.max_session_permit and task_queue:
-                    if psutil.virtual_memory().percent >= self.memory_threshold_percent:
-                        await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval)
-                        continue
-
-                    url, task_id = task_queue.pop(0)
-                    task = asyncio.create_task(self.crawl_url(url, config, task_id))
-                    active_tasks.append(task)
-
-                if not active_tasks and not task_queue:
-                    break
-
-                # Wait for any task to complete and yield results
+                # Add to queue with initial priority 0, retry count 0, and current time
+                await self.task_queue.put((0, (url, task_id, 0, time.time())))
+                
+            active_tasks = []
+            
+            # Process until both queues are empty
+            while not self.task_queue.empty() or active_tasks:
+                # If memory pressure is low, start new tasks
+                if not self.memory_pressure_mode and len(active_tasks) < self.max_session_permit:
+                    try:
+                        # Try to get a task with timeout to avoid blocking indefinitely
+                        priority, (url, task_id, retry_count, enqueue_time) = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                            self.task_queue.get(), timeout=0.1
+                        )
+                        
+                        # Create and start the task
+                        task = asyncio.create_task(
+                            self.crawl_url(url, config, task_id, retry_count)
+                        )
+                        active_tasks.append(task)
+                        
+                        # Update waiting time in monitor
+                        if self.monitor:
+                            wait_time = time.time() - enqueue_time
+                            self.monitor.update_task(
+                                task_id, 
+                                wait_time=wait_time,
+                                status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS
+                            )
+                            
+                    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                        # No tasks in queue, that's fine
+                        pass
+                        
+                # Wait for completion even if queue is starved
                 if active_tasks:
                     done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
                         active_tasks, timeout=0.1, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED
                     )
+                    
+                    # Process completed tasks
                     for completed_task in done:
                         result = await completed_task
-                        completed_count += 1
-                        yield result
+                        results.append(result)
+                        
+                    # Update active tasks list
                     active_tasks = list(pending)
                 else:
-                    await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval)
+                    # If no active tasks but still waiting, sleep briefly
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval / 2)
+                    
+                # Update priorities for waiting tasks if needed
+                await self._update_queue_priorities()
+                
+            return results
 
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.monitor:
+                self.monitor.update_memory_status(f"QUEUE_ERROR: {str(e)}")                
+        
         finally:
+            # Clean up
+            memory_monitor.cancel()
             if self.monitor:
                 self.monitor.stop()
-
+                
+    async def _update_queue_priorities(self):
+        """Periodically update priorities of items in the queue to prevent starvation"""
+        # Skip if queue is empty
+        if self.task_queue.empty():
+            return
+            
+        # Use a drain-and-refill approach to update all priorities
+        temp_items = []
+        
+        # Drain the queue (with a safety timeout to prevent blocking)
+        try:
+            drain_start = time.time()
+            while not self.task_queue.empty() and time.time() - drain_start < 5.0:  # 5 second safety timeout
+                try:
+                    # Get item from queue with timeout
+                    priority, (url, task_id, retry_count, enqueue_time) = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                        self.task_queue.get(), timeout=0.1
+                    )
+                    
+                    # Calculate new priority based on current wait time
+                    current_time = time.time()
+                    wait_time = current_time - enqueue_time
+                    new_priority = self._get_priority_score(wait_time, retry_count)
+                    
+                    # Store with updated priority
+                    temp_items.append((new_priority, (url, task_id, retry_count, enqueue_time)))
+                    
+                    # Update monitoring stats for this task
+                    if self.monitor and task_id in self.monitor.stats:
+                        self.monitor.update_task(task_id, wait_time=wait_time)
+                        
+                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                    # Queue might be empty or very slow
+                    break
+        except Exception as e:
+            # If anything goes wrong, make sure we refill the queue with what we've got
+            self.monitor.update_memory_status(f"QUEUE_ERROR: {str(e)}")
+        
+        # Calculate queue statistics
+        if temp_items and self.monitor:
+            total_queued = len(temp_items)
+            wait_times = [item[1][3] for item in temp_items]
+            highest_wait_time = time.time() - min(wait_times) if wait_times else 0
+            avg_wait_time = sum(time.time() - t for t in wait_times) / len(wait_times) if wait_times else 0
+            
+            # Update queue statistics in monitor
+            self.monitor.update_queue_statistics(
+                total_queued=total_queued,
+                highest_wait_time=highest_wait_time,
+                avg_wait_time=avg_wait_time
+            )
+        
+        # Sort by priority (lowest number = highest priority)
+        temp_items.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
+        
+        # Refill the queue with updated priorities
+        for item in temp_items:
+            await self.task_queue.put(item)
+                
+    async def run_urls_stream(
+        self,
+        urls: List[str],
+        crawler: AsyncWebCrawler,
+        config: CrawlerRunConfig,
+    ) -> AsyncGenerator[CrawlerTaskResult, None]:
+        self.crawler = crawler
+        
+        # Start the memory monitor task
+        memory_monitor = asyncio.create_task(self._memory_monitor_task())
+        
+        if self.monitor:
+            self.monitor.start()
+            
+        try:
+            # Initialize task queue
+            for url in urls:
+                task_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+                if self.monitor:
+                    self.monitor.add_task(task_id, url)
+                # Add to queue with initial priority 0, retry count 0, and current time
+                await self.task_queue.put((0, (url, task_id, 0, time.time())))
+                
+            active_tasks = []
+            completed_count = 0
+            total_urls = len(urls)
+            
+            while completed_count < total_urls:
+                # If memory pressure is low, start new tasks
+                if not self.memory_pressure_mode and len(active_tasks) < self.max_session_permit:
+                    try:
+                        # Try to get a task with timeout
+                        priority, (url, task_id, retry_count, enqueue_time) = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                            self.task_queue.get(), timeout=0.1
+                        )
+                        
+                        # Create and start the task
+                        task = asyncio.create_task(
+                            self.crawl_url(url, config, task_id, retry_count)
+                        )
+                        active_tasks.append(task)
+                        
+                        # Update waiting time in monitor
+                        if self.monitor:
+                            wait_time = time.time() - enqueue_time
+                            self.monitor.update_task(
+                                task_id, 
+                                wait_time=wait_time,
+                                status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS
+                            )
+                            
+                    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                        # No tasks in queue, that's fine
+                        pass
+                        
+                # Process completed tasks and yield results
+                if active_tasks:
+                    done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
+                        active_tasks, timeout=0.1, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED
+                    )
+                    
+                    for completed_task in done:
+                        result = await completed_task
+                        
+                        # Only count as completed if it wasn't requeued
+                        if "requeued" not in result.error_message:
+                            completed_count += 1
+                            yield result
+                        
+                    # Update active tasks list
+                    active_tasks = list(pending)
+                else:
+                    # If no active tasks but still waiting, sleep briefly
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self.check_interval / 2)
+                
+                # Update priorities for waiting tasks if needed
+                await self._update_queue_priorities()
+                
+        finally:
+            # Clean up
+            memory_monitor.cancel()
+            if self.monitor:
+                self.monitor.stop()
+                
 
 class SemaphoreDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
     def __init__(
@@ -620,7 +619,7 @@ class SemaphoreDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
 
     async def run_urls(
         self,
-        crawler: "AsyncWebCrawler",  # noqa: F821
+        crawler: AsyncWebCrawler,  # noqa: F821
         urls: List[str],
         config: CrawlerRunConfig,
     ) -> List[CrawlerTaskResult]:
@@ -644,4 +643,4 @@ class SemaphoreDispatcher(BaseDispatcher):
             return await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
         finally:
             if self.monitor:
-                self.monitor.stop()
+                self.monitor.stop()

crawl4ai/async_logger.py

@@ -156,9 +156,22 @@ class AsyncLogger(AsyncLoggerBase):
                 formatted_message = message.format(**params)
 
                 # Then apply colors if specified
+                color_map = {
+                    "green": Fore.GREEN,
+                    "red": Fore.RED,
+                    "yellow": Fore.YELLOW,
+                    "blue": Fore.BLUE,
+                    "cyan": Fore.CYAN,
+                    "magenta": Fore.MAGENTA,
+                    "white": Fore.WHITE,
+                    "black": Fore.BLACK,
+                    "reset": Style.RESET_ALL,
+                }
                 if colors:
                     for key, color in colors.items():
                         # Find the formatted value in the message and wrap it with color
+                        if color in color_map:
+                            color = color_map[color]
                         if key in params:
                             value_str = str(params[key])
                             formatted_message = formatted_message.replace(

crawl4ai/async_webcrawler.py

@@ -4,20 +4,26 @@ import sys
 import time
 from colorama import Fore
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional, List, Generic, TypeVar
+from typing import Optional, List
 import json
 import asyncio
 
 # from contextlib import nullcontext, asynccontextmanager
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-from .models import CrawlResult, MarkdownGenerationResult, DispatchResult, ScrapingResult
+from .models import (
+    CrawlResult,
+    MarkdownGenerationResult,
+    DispatchResult,
+    ScrapingResult,
+    CrawlResultContainer,
+    RunManyReturn
+)
 from .async_database import async_db_manager
 from .chunking_strategy import *  # noqa: F403
-from .chunking_strategy import RegexChunking, ChunkingStrategy, IdentityChunking
+from .chunking_strategy import IdentityChunking
 from .content_filter_strategy import *  # noqa: F403
-from .content_filter_strategy import RelevantContentFilter
-from .extraction_strategy import * # noqa: F403
-from .extraction_strategy import NoExtractionStrategy, ExtractionStrategy
+from .extraction_strategy import *  # noqa: F403
+from .extraction_strategy import NoExtractionStrategy
 from .async_crawler_strategy import (
     AsyncCrawlerStrategy,
     AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy,
@@ -31,10 +37,9 @@ from .markdown_generation_strategy import (
 from .deep_crawling import DeepCrawlDecorator
 from .async_logger import AsyncLogger, AsyncLoggerBase
 from .async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
-from .async_dispatcher import * # noqa: F403
+from .async_dispatcher import *  # noqa: F403
 from .async_dispatcher import BaseDispatcher, MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher, RateLimiter
 
-from .config import MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD
 from .utils import (
     sanitize_input_encode,
     InvalidCSSSelectorError,
@@ -44,45 +49,6 @@ from .utils import (
     RobotsParser,
 )
 
-from typing import Union, AsyncGenerator
-
-CrawlResultT = TypeVar('CrawlResultT', bound=CrawlResult)
-# RunManyReturn = Union[CrawlResultT, List[CrawlResultT], AsyncGenerator[CrawlResultT, None]]
-
-class CrawlResultContainer(Generic[CrawlResultT]):
-    def __init__(self, results: Union[CrawlResultT, List[CrawlResultT]]):
-        # Normalize to a list
-        if isinstance(results, list):
-            self._results = results
-        else:
-            self._results = [results]
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        return iter(self._results)
-
-    def __getitem__(self, index):
-        return self._results[index]
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return len(self._results)
-
-    def __getattr__(self, attr):
-        # Delegate attribute access to the first element.
-        if self._results:
-            return getattr(self._results[0], attr)
-        raise AttributeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} object has no attribute '{attr}'")
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self._results!r})"
-
-# Redefine the union type. Now synchronous calls always return a container,
-# while stream mode is handled with an AsyncGenerator.
-RunManyReturn = Union[
-    CrawlResultContainer[CrawlResultT],
-    AsyncGenerator[CrawlResultT, None]
-]
-
-
 
 class AsyncWebCrawler:
     """
@@ -195,23 +161,18 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
 
         # Decorate arun method with deep crawling capabilities
         self._deep_handler = DeepCrawlDecorator(self)
-        self.arun = self._deep_handler(self.arun)  
+        self.arun = self._deep_handler(self.arun)
 
     async def start(self):
         """
         Start the crawler explicitly without using context manager.
         This is equivalent to using 'async with' but gives more control over the lifecycle.
-
-        This method will:
-        1. Initialize the browser and context
-        2. Perform warmup sequence
-        3. Return the crawler instance for method chaining
-
         Returns:
             AsyncWebCrawler: The initialized crawler instance
         """
         await self.crawler_strategy.__aenter__()
-        await self.awarmup()
+        self.logger.info(f"Crawl4AI {crawl4ai_version}", tag="INIT")
+        self.ready = True
         return self
 
     async def close(self):
@@ -231,18 +192,6 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
     async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
         await self.close()
 
-    async def awarmup(self):
-        """
-        Initialize the crawler with warm-up sequence.
-
-        This method:
-        1. Logs initialization info
-        2. Sets up browser configuration
-        3. Marks the crawler as ready
-        """
-        self.logger.info(f"Crawl4AI {crawl4ai_version}", tag="INIT")
-        self.ready = True
-
     @asynccontextmanager
     async def nullcontext(self):
         """异步空上下文管理器"""
@@ -282,6 +231,10 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
         Returns:
             CrawlResult: The result of crawling and processing
         """
+        # Auto-start if not ready
+        if not self.ready:
+            await self.start()
+
         config = config or CrawlerRunConfig()
         if not isinstance(url, str) or not url:
             raise ValueError("Invalid URL, make sure the URL is a non-empty string")
@@ -295,9 +248,7 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
                     config.cache_mode = CacheMode.ENABLED
 
                 # Create cache context
-                cache_context = CacheContext(
-                    url, config.cache_mode, False
-                )
+                cache_context = CacheContext(url, config.cache_mode, False)
 
                 # Initialize processing variables
                 async_response: AsyncCrawlResponse = None
@@ -327,7 +278,7 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
                     # if config.screenshot and not screenshot or config.pdf and not pdf:
                     if config.screenshot and not screenshot_data:
                         cached_result = None
-                    
+
                     if config.pdf and not pdf_data:
                         cached_result = None
 
@@ -359,14 +310,18 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
 
                     # Check robots.txt if enabled
                     if config and config.check_robots_txt:
-                        if not await self.robots_parser.can_fetch(url, self.browser_config.user_agent):
+                        if not await self.robots_parser.can_fetch(
+                            url, self.browser_config.user_agent
+                        ):
                             return CrawlResult(
                                 url=url,
                                 html="",
                                 success=False,
                                 status_code=403,
                                 error_message="Access denied by robots.txt",
-                                response_headers={"X-Robots-Status": "Blocked by robots.txt"}
+                                response_headers={
+                                    "X-Robots-Status": "Blocked by robots.txt"
+                                },
                             )
 
                     ##############################
@@ -393,7 +348,7 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
                     ###############################################################
                     # Process the HTML content, Call CrawlerStrategy.process_html #
                     ###############################################################
-                    crawl_result : CrawlResult = await self.aprocess_html(
+                    crawl_result: CrawlResult = await self.aprocess_html(
                         url=url,
                         html=html,
                         extracted_content=extracted_content,
@@ -470,7 +425,7 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
                     tag="ERROR",
                 )
 
-                return  CrawlResultContainer(
+                return CrawlResultContainer(
                     CrawlResult(
                         url=url, html="", success=False, error_message=error_message
                     )
@@ -515,15 +470,14 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
 
             # Process HTML content
             params = config.__dict__.copy()
-            params.pop("url", None)            
+            params.pop("url", None)
             # add keys from kwargs to params that doesn't exist in params
             params.update({k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k not in params.keys()})
 
-            
             ################################
             # Scraping Strategy Execution  #
             ################################
-            result : ScrapingResult = scraping_strategy.scrap(url, html, **params)
+            result: ScrapingResult = scraping_strategy.scrap(url, html, **params)
 
             if result is None:
                 raise ValueError(
@@ -572,7 +526,10 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
         self.logger.info(
             message="{url:.50}... | Time: {timing}s",
             tag="SCRAPE",
-            params={"url": _url, "timing": int((time.perf_counter() - t1) * 1000) / 1000},
+            params={
+                "url": _url,
+                "timing": int((time.perf_counter() - t1) * 1000) / 1000,
+            },
         )
 
         ################################
@@ -647,7 +604,7 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
     async def arun_many(
         self,
         urls: List[str],
-        config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None, 
+        config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None,
         dispatcher: Optional[BaseDispatcher] = None,
         # Legacy parameters maintained for backwards compatibility
         # word_count_threshold=MIN_WORD_THRESHOLD,
@@ -661,8 +618,8 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
         # pdf: bool = False,
         # user_agent: str = None,
         # verbose=True,
-        **kwargs
-        ) -> RunManyReturn:
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> RunManyReturn:
         """
         Runs the crawler for multiple URLs concurrently using a configurable dispatcher strategy.
 
@@ -718,37 +675,32 @@ class AsyncWebCrawler:
 
         def transform_result(task_result):
             return (
-                    setattr(task_result.result, 'dispatch_result', 
-                        DispatchResult(
-                            task_id=task_result.task_id,
-                            memory_usage=task_result.memory_usage,
-                            peak_memory=task_result.peak_memory,
-                            start_time=task_result.start_time,
-                            end_time=task_result.end_time,
-                            error_message=task_result.error_message,
-                        )
-                    ) or task_result.result
+                setattr(
+                    task_result.result,
+                    "dispatch_result",
+                    DispatchResult(
+                        task_id=task_result.task_id,
+                        memory_usage=task_result.memory_usage,
+                        peak_memory=task_result.peak_memory,
+                        start_time=task_result.start_time,
+                        end_time=task_result.end_time,
+                        error_message=task_result.error_message,
+                    ),
                 )
+                or task_result.result
+            )
 
         stream = config.stream
-        
+
         if stream:
+
             async def result_transformer():
-                async for task_result in dispatcher.run_urls_stream(crawler=self, urls=urls, config=config):
+                async for task_result in dispatcher.run_urls_stream(
+                    crawler=self, urls=urls, config=config
+                ):
                     yield transform_result(task_result)
+
             return result_transformer()
         else:
             _results = await dispatcher.run_urls(crawler=self, urls=urls, config=config)
-            return [transform_result(res) for res in _results]    
-
-    async def aclear_cache(self):
-        """Clear the cache database."""
-        await async_db_manager.cleanup()
-
-    async def aflush_cache(self):
-        """Flush the cache database."""
-        await async_db_manager.aflush_db()
-
-    async def aget_cache_size(self):
-        """Get the total number of cached items."""
-        return await async_db_manager.aget_total_count()
+            return [transform_result(res) for res in _results]

crawl4ai/browser/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""Browser management module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides browser management capabilities using different strategies
+for browser creation and interaction.
+"""
+
+from .manager import BrowserManager
+from .profiles import BrowserProfileManager
+from .models import DockerConfig
+from .docker_registry import DockerRegistry
+from .docker_utils import DockerUtils
+from .browser_hub import BrowserHub
+from .strategies import (
+    BaseBrowserStrategy,
+    PlaywrightBrowserStrategy,
+    CDPBrowserStrategy,
+    BuiltinBrowserStrategy,
+    DockerBrowserStrategy
+)
+
+__all__ = ['BrowserManager', 'BrowserProfileManager', 'DockerConfig', 'DockerRegistry', 'DockerUtils', 'BaseBrowserStrategy',
+           'PlaywrightBrowserStrategy', 'CDPBrowserStrategy', 'BuiltinBrowserStrategy',
+           'DockerBrowserStrategy', 'BrowserHub']

crawl4ai/browser/browser_hub.py

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+# browser_hub_manager.py
+import hashlib
+import json
+import asyncio
+from typing import Dict, Optional, List, Tuple
+from .manager import BrowserManager, UnavailableBehavior
+from ..async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from ..async_logger import AsyncLogger
+
+class BrowserHub:
+    """
+    Manages Browser-Hub instances for sharing across multiple pipelines.
+    
+    This class provides centralized management for browser resources, allowing
+    multiple pipelines to share browser instances efficiently, connect to
+    existing browser hubs, or create new ones with custom configurations.
+    """
+    _instances: Dict[str, BrowserManager] = {}
+    _lock = asyncio.Lock()
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_browser_manager(
+        cls, 
+        config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        hub_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        connection_info: Optional[str] = None,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        max_browsers_per_config: int = 10,
+        max_pages_per_browser: int = 5,
+        initial_pool_size: int = 1,
+        page_configs: Optional[List[Tuple[BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, int]]] = None
+    ) -> BrowserManager:
+        """
+        Get an existing BrowserManager or create a new one based on parameters.
+        
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration for new hub
+            hub_id: Identifier for the hub instance
+            connection_info: Connection string for existing hub
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+            max_browsers_per_config: Maximum browsers per configuration
+            max_pages_per_browser: Maximum pages per browser
+            initial_pool_size: Initial number of browsers to create
+            page_configs: Optional configurations for pre-warming pages
+            
+        Returns:
+            BrowserManager: The requested browser manager instance
+        """
+        async with cls._lock:
+            # Scenario 3: Use existing hub via connection info
+            if connection_info:
+                instance_key = f"connection:{connection_info}"
+                if instance_key not in cls._instances:
+                    cls._instances[instance_key] = await cls._connect_to_browser_hub(
+                        connection_info, logger
+                    )
+                return cls._instances[instance_key]
+                
+            # Scenario 2: Custom configured hub
+            if config:
+                config_hash = cls._hash_config(config)
+                instance_key = hub_id or f"config:{config_hash}"
+                if instance_key not in cls._instances:
+                    cls._instances[instance_key] = await cls._create_browser_manager(
+                        config, 
+                        logger,
+                        max_browsers_per_config,
+                        max_pages_per_browser,
+                        initial_pool_size,
+                        page_configs
+                    )
+                return cls._instances[instance_key]
+            
+            # Scenario 1: Default hub
+            instance_key = "default"
+            if instance_key not in cls._instances:
+                cls._instances[instance_key] = await cls._create_default_browser_hub(
+                    logger,
+                    max_browsers_per_config,
+                    max_pages_per_browser,
+                    initial_pool_size
+                )
+            return cls._instances[instance_key]
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def _create_browser_manager(
+        cls, 
+        config: BrowserConfig,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger],
+        max_browsers_per_config: int,
+        max_pages_per_browser: int,
+        initial_pool_size: int,
+        page_configs: Optional[List[Tuple[BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, int]]] = None
+    ) -> BrowserManager:
+        """Create a new browser hub with the specified configuration."""
+        manager = BrowserManager(
+            browser_config=config,
+            logger=logger,
+            unavailable_behavior=UnavailableBehavior.ON_DEMAND,
+            max_browsers_per_config=max_browsers_per_config,
+            max_pages_per_browser=max_pages_per_browser,
+        )
+        
+        # Initialize the pool
+        await manager.initialize_pool(
+            browser_configs=[config] if config else None,
+            browsers_per_config=initial_pool_size,
+            page_configs=page_configs
+        )
+        
+        return manager
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def _create_default_browser_hub(
+        cls,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger],
+        max_browsers_per_config: int,
+        max_pages_per_browser: int,
+        initial_pool_size: int
+    ) -> BrowserManager:
+        """Create a default browser hub with standard settings."""
+        config = BrowserConfig(headless=True)
+        return await cls._create_browser_manager(
+            config, 
+            logger, 
+            max_browsers_per_config, 
+            max_pages_per_browser, 
+            initial_pool_size,
+            None
+        )
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def _connect_to_browser_hub(
+        cls, 
+        connection_info: str,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger]
+    ) -> BrowserManager:
+        """
+        Connect to an existing browser hub.
+        
+        Note: This is a placeholder for future remote connection functionality.
+        Currently creates a local instance.
+        """
+        if logger:
+            logger.info(
+                message="Remote browser hub connections not yet implemented. Creating local instance.",
+                tag="BROWSER_HUB"
+            )
+        # For now, create a default local instance
+        return await cls._create_default_browser_hub(
+            logger, 
+            max_browsers_per_config=10, 
+            max_pages_per_browser=5, 
+            initial_pool_size=1
+        )
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def _hash_config(cls, config: BrowserConfig) -> str:
+        """Create a hash of the browser configuration for identification."""
+        # Convert config to dictionary, excluding any callable objects
+        config_dict = config.__dict__.copy()
+        for key in list(config_dict.keys()):
+            if callable(config_dict[key]):
+                del config_dict[key]
+        
+        # Convert to canonical JSON string
+        config_json = json.dumps(config_dict, sort_keys=True, default=str)
+        
+        # Hash the JSON
+        config_hash = hashlib.sha256(config_json.encode()).hexdigest()
+        return config_hash
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def shutdown_all(cls):
+        """Close all browser hub instances and clear the registry."""
+        async with cls._lock:
+            shutdown_tasks = []
+            for hub in cls._instances.values():
+                shutdown_tasks.append(hub.close())
+            
+            if shutdown_tasks:
+                await asyncio.gather(*shutdown_tasks)
+            
+            cls._instances.clear()

crawl4ai/browser/docker/alpine/connect.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# ---------- Dockerfile ----------
+    FROM alpine:latest
+
+    # Combine everything in one RUN to keep layers minimal.
+    RUN apk update && apk upgrade && \
+        apk add --no-cache \
+            chromium \
+            nss \
+            freetype \
+            harfbuzz \
+            ca-certificates \
+            ttf-freefont \
+            socat \
+            curl && \
+        addgroup -S chromium && adduser -S chromium -G chromium && \
+        mkdir -p /data && chown chromium:chromium /data && \
+        rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
+    
+    # Copy start script, then chown/chmod in one step
+    COPY start.sh /home/chromium/start.sh
+    RUN chown chromium:chromium /home/chromium/start.sh && \
+        chmod +x /home/chromium/start.sh
+    
+    USER chromium
+    WORKDIR /home/chromium
+    
+    # Expose port used by socat (mapping 9222→9223 or whichever you prefer)
+    EXPOSE 9223
+    
+    # Simple healthcheck: is the remote debug endpoint responding?
+    HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --retries=3 CMD curl -f http://localhost:9222/json/version || exit 1
+    
+    CMD ["./start.sh"]
+    

crawl4ai/browser/docker/alpine/launch.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# ---------- Dockerfile (Idle Version) ----------
+    FROM alpine:latest
+
+    # Install only Chromium and its dependencies in a single layer
+    RUN apk update && apk upgrade && \
+        apk add --no-cache \
+            chromium \
+            nss \
+            freetype \
+            harfbuzz \
+            ca-certificates \
+            ttf-freefont \
+            socat \
+            curl && \
+        addgroup -S chromium && adduser -S chromium -G chromium && \
+        mkdir -p /data && chown chromium:chromium /data && \
+        rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
+    
+    ENV PATH="/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin"
+
+    # Switch to a non-root user for security
+    USER chromium
+    WORKDIR /home/chromium
+    
+    # Idle: container does nothing except stay alive
+    CMD ["tail", "-f", "/dev/null"]
+    

crawl4ai/browser/docker/debian/connect.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Use Debian 12 (Bookworm) slim for a small, stable base image
+FROM debian:bookworm-slim
+
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+
+# Install Chromium, socat, and basic fonts
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    chromium \
+    wget \
+    curl \
+    socat \
+    fonts-freefont-ttf \
+    fonts-noto-color-emoji && \
+    apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Copy start.sh and make it executable
+COPY start.sh /start.sh
+RUN chmod +x /start.sh
+
+# Expose socat port (use host mapping, e.g. -p 9225:9223)
+EXPOSE 9223
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/start.sh"]

crawl4ai/browser/docker_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+"""Docker registry module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides a registry system for tracking and reusing Docker containers
+across browser sessions, improving performance and resource utilization.
+"""
+
+import os
+import json
+import time
+from typing import Dict, Optional
+
+from ..utils import get_home_folder
+
+
+class DockerRegistry:
+    """Manages a registry of Docker containers used for browser automation.
+    
+    This registry tracks containers by configuration hash, allowing reuse of appropriately
+    configured containers instead of creating new ones for each session.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        registry_file (str): Path to the registry file
+        containers (dict): Dictionary of container information
+        port_map (dict): Map of host ports to container IDs
+        last_port (int): Last port assigned
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, registry_file: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Initialize the registry with an optional path to the registry file.
+        
+        Args:
+            registry_file: Path to the registry file. If None, uses default path.
+        """
+        # Use the same file path as BuiltinBrowserStrategy by default
+        self.registry_file = registry_file or os.path.join(get_home_folder(), "builtin-browser", "browser_config.json")
+        self.containers = {}  # Still maintain this for backward compatibility
+        self.port_map = {}    # Will be populated from the shared file
+        self.last_port = 9222
+        self.load()
+    
+    def load(self):
+        """Load container registry from file."""
+        if os.path.exists(self.registry_file):
+            try:
+                with open(self.registry_file, 'r') as f:
+                    registry_data = json.load(f)
+                    
+                    # Initialize port_map if not present
+                    if "port_map" not in registry_data:
+                        registry_data["port_map"] = {}
+                    
+                    self.port_map = registry_data.get("port_map", {})
+                    
+                    # Extract container information from port_map entries of type "docker"
+                    self.containers = {}
+                    for port_str, browser_info in self.port_map.items():
+                        if browser_info.get("browser_type") == "docker" and "container_id" in browser_info:
+                            container_id = browser_info["container_id"]
+                            self.containers[container_id] = {
+                                "host_port": int(port_str),
+                                "config_hash": browser_info.get("config_hash", ""),
+                                "created_at": browser_info.get("created_at", time.time())
+                            }
+                    
+                    # Get last port if available
+                    if "last_port" in registry_data:
+                        self.last_port = registry_data["last_port"]
+                    else:
+                        # Find highest port in port_map
+                        ports = [int(p) for p in self.port_map.keys() if p.isdigit()]
+                        self.last_port = max(ports + [9222])
+                    
+            except Exception as e:
+                # Reset to defaults on error
+                print(f"Error loading registry: {e}")
+                self.containers = {}
+                self.port_map = {}
+                self.last_port = 9222
+        else:
+            # Initialize with defaults if file doesn't exist
+            self.containers = {}
+            self.port_map = {}
+            self.last_port = 9222
+    
+    def save(self):
+        """Save container registry to file."""
+        # First load the current file to avoid overwriting other browser types
+        current_data = {"port_map": {}, "last_port": self.last_port}
+        if os.path.exists(self.registry_file):
+            try:
+                with open(self.registry_file, 'r') as f:
+                    current_data = json.load(f)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        
+        # Create a new port_map dictionary
+        updated_port_map = {}
+        
+        # First, copy all non-docker entries from the existing port_map
+        for port_str, browser_info in current_data.get("port_map", {}).items():
+            if browser_info.get("browser_type") != "docker":
+                updated_port_map[port_str] = browser_info
+        
+        # Then add all current docker container entries
+        for container_id, container_info in self.containers.items():
+            port_str = str(container_info["host_port"])
+            updated_port_map[port_str] = {
+                "browser_type": "docker",
+                "container_id": container_id,
+                "cdp_url": f"http://localhost:{port_str}",
+                "config_hash": container_info["config_hash"],
+                "created_at": container_info["created_at"]
+            }
+        
+        # Replace the port_map with our updated version
+        current_data["port_map"] = updated_port_map
+        
+        # Update last_port
+        current_data["last_port"] = self.last_port
+        
+        # Ensure directory exists
+        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(self.registry_file), exist_ok=True)
+        
+        # Save the updated data
+        with open(self.registry_file, 'w') as f:
+            json.dump(current_data, f, indent=2)
+    
+    def register_container(self, container_id: str, host_port: int, config_hash: str, cdp_json_config: Optional[str] = None):
+        """Register a container with its configuration hash and port mapping.
+        
+        Args:
+            container_id: Docker container ID
+            host_port: Host port mapped to container
+            config_hash: Hash of configuration used to create container
+            cdp_json_config: CDP JSON configuration if available
+        """
+        self.containers[container_id] = {
+            "host_port": host_port,
+            "config_hash": config_hash,
+            "created_at": time.time()
+        }
+        
+        # Update port_map to maintain compatibility with BuiltinBrowserStrategy
+        port_str = str(host_port)
+        self.port_map[port_str] = {
+            "browser_type": "docker",
+            "container_id": container_id,
+            "cdp_url": f"http://localhost:{port_str}",
+            "config_hash": config_hash,
+            "created_at": time.time()
+        }
+        
+        if cdp_json_config:
+            self.port_map[port_str]["cdp_json_config"] = cdp_json_config
+        
+        self.save()
+    
+    def unregister_container(self, container_id: str):
+        """Unregister a container.
+        
+        Args:
+            container_id: Docker container ID to unregister
+        """
+        if container_id in self.containers:
+            host_port = self.containers[container_id]["host_port"]
+            port_str = str(host_port)
+            
+            # Remove from port_map
+            if port_str in self.port_map:
+                del self.port_map[port_str]
+                
+            # Remove from containers
+            del self.containers[container_id]
+            
+            self.save()
+    
+    async def find_container_by_config(self, config_hash: str, docker_utils) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Find a container that matches the given configuration hash.
+        
+        Args:
+            config_hash: Hash of configuration to match
+            docker_utils: DockerUtils instance to check running containers
+            
+        Returns:
+            Container ID if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        # Search through port_map for entries with matching config_hash
+        for port_str, browser_info in self.port_map.items():
+            if (browser_info.get("browser_type") == "docker" and 
+                browser_info.get("config_hash") == config_hash and 
+                "container_id" in browser_info):
+                
+                container_id = browser_info["container_id"]
+                if await docker_utils.is_container_running(container_id):
+                    return container_id
+        
+        return None
+    
+    def get_container_host_port(self, container_id: str) -> Optional[int]:
+        """Get the host port mapped to the container.
+        
+        Args:
+            container_id: Docker container ID
+            
+        Returns:
+            Host port if container is registered, None otherwise
+        """
+        if container_id in self.containers:
+            return self.containers[container_id]["host_port"]
+        return None
+    
+    def get_next_available_port(self, docker_utils) -> int:
+        """Get the next available host port for Docker mapping.
+        
+        Args:
+            docker_utils: DockerUtils instance to check port availability
+            
+        Returns:
+            Available port number
+        """
+        # Start from last port + 1
+        port = self.last_port + 1
+        
+        # Check if port is in use (either in our registry or system-wide)
+        while str(port) in self.port_map or docker_utils.is_port_in_use(port):
+            port += 1
+        
+        # Update last port
+        self.last_port = port
+        self.save()
+        
+        return port
+    
+    def get_container_config_hash(self, container_id: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get the configuration hash for a container.
+        
+        Args:
+            container_id: Docker container ID
+            
+        Returns:
+            Configuration hash if container is registered, None otherwise
+        """
+        if container_id in self.containers:
+            return self.containers[container_id]["config_hash"]
+        return None
+    
+    def cleanup_stale_containers(self, docker_utils):
+        """Clean up containers that are no longer running.
+        
+        Args:
+            docker_utils: DockerUtils instance to check container status
+        """
+        to_remove = []
+        
+        # Find containers that are no longer running
+        for port_str, browser_info in self.port_map.items():
+            if browser_info.get("browser_type") == "docker" and "container_id" in browser_info:
+                container_id = browser_info["container_id"]
+                if not docker_utils.is_container_running(container_id):
+                    to_remove.append(container_id)
+        
+        # Remove stale containers
+        for container_id in to_remove:
+            self.unregister_container(container_id)

crawl4ai/browser/docker_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,661 @@
+import os
+import json
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+import tempfile
+import shutil
+import socket
+import subprocess
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+
+class DockerUtils:
+    """Utility class for Docker operations in browser automation.
+
+    This class provides methods for managing Docker images, containers,
+    and related operations needed for browser automation. It handles
+    image building, container lifecycle, port management, and registry operations.
+
+    Attributes:
+        DOCKER_FOLDER (str): Path to folder containing Docker files
+        DOCKER_CONNECT_FILE (str): Path to Dockerfile for connect mode
+        DOCKER_LAUNCH_FILE (str): Path to Dockerfile for launch mode
+        DOCKER_START_SCRIPT (str): Path to startup script for connect mode
+        DEFAULT_CONNECT_IMAGE (str): Default image name for connect mode
+        DEFAULT_LAUNCH_IMAGE (str): Default image name for launch mode
+        logger: Optional logger instance
+    """
+
+    # File paths for Docker resources
+    DOCKER_FOLDER = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "docker")
+    DOCKER_CONNECT_FILE = os.path.join(DOCKER_FOLDER, "connect.Dockerfile")
+    DOCKER_LAUNCH_FILE = os.path.join(DOCKER_FOLDER, "launch.Dockerfile")
+    DOCKER_START_SCRIPT = os.path.join(DOCKER_FOLDER, "start.sh")
+
+    # Default image names
+    DEFAULT_CONNECT_IMAGE = "crawl4ai/browser-connect:latest"
+    DEFAULT_LAUNCH_IMAGE = "crawl4ai/browser-launch:latest"
+
+    def __init__(self, logger=None):
+        """Initialize Docker utilities.
+
+        Args:
+            logger: Optional logger for recording operations
+        """
+        self.logger = logger
+
+    # Image Management Methods
+
+    async def check_image_exists(self, image_name: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if a Docker image exists.
+
+        Args:
+            image_name: Name of the Docker image to check
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the image exists, False otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["docker", "image", "inspect", image_name]
+
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+                *cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE, stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+            _, _ = await process.communicate()
+            return process.returncode == 0
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Error checking if image exists: {str(e)}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+            return False
+
+    async def build_docker_image(
+        self,
+        image_name: str,
+        dockerfile_path: str,
+        files_to_copy: Dict[str, str] = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Build a Docker image from a Dockerfile.
+
+        Args:
+            image_name: Name to give the built image
+            dockerfile_path: Path to the Dockerfile
+            files_to_copy: Dict of {dest_name: source_path} for files to copy to build context
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if image was built successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        # Create a temporary build context
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Copy the Dockerfile
+            shutil.copy(dockerfile_path, os.path.join(temp_dir, "Dockerfile"))
+
+            # Copy any additional files needed
+            if files_to_copy:
+                for dest_name, source_path in files_to_copy.items():
+                    shutil.copy(source_path, os.path.join(temp_dir, dest_name))
+
+            # Build the image
+            cmd = ["docker", "build", "-t", image_name, temp_dir]
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Building Docker image with command: {' '.join(cmd)}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+                *cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE, stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+            stdout, stderr = await process.communicate()
+
+            if process.returncode != 0:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        message="Failed to build Docker image: {error}",
+                        tag="DOCKER",
+                        params={"error": stderr.decode()},
+                    )
+                return False
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.success(
+                    f"Successfully built Docker image: {image_name}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+            return True
+
+    async def ensure_docker_image_exists(
+        self, image_name: str, mode: str = "connect"
+    ) -> str:
+        """Ensure the required Docker image exists, creating it if necessary.
+
+        Args:
+            image_name: Name of the Docker image
+            mode: Either "connect" or "launch" to determine which image to build
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Name of the available Docker image
+
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If image doesn't exist and can't be built
+        """
+        # If image name is not specified, use default based on mode
+        if not image_name:
+            image_name = (
+                self.DEFAULT_CONNECT_IMAGE
+                if mode == "connect"
+                else self.DEFAULT_LAUNCH_IMAGE
+            )
+
+        # Check if the image already exists
+        if await self.check_image_exists(image_name):
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Docker image {image_name} already exists", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+            return image_name
+
+        # If we're using a custom image that doesn't exist, warn and fail
+        if (
+            image_name != self.DEFAULT_CONNECT_IMAGE
+            and image_name != self.DEFAULT_LAUNCH_IMAGE
+        ):
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning(
+                    f"Custom Docker image {image_name} not found and cannot be automatically created",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                )
+            raise Exception(f"Docker image {image_name} not found")
+
+        # Build the appropriate default image
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info(
+                f"Docker image {image_name} not found, creating it now...", tag="DOCKER"
+            )
+
+        if mode == "connect":
+            success = await self.build_docker_image(
+                image_name,
+                self.DOCKER_CONNECT_FILE,
+                {"start.sh": self.DOCKER_START_SCRIPT},
+            )
+        else:
+            success = await self.build_docker_image(image_name, self.DOCKER_LAUNCH_FILE)
+
+        if not success:
+            raise Exception(f"Failed to create Docker image {image_name}")
+
+        return image_name
+
+    # Container Management Methods
+
+    async def create_container(
+        self,
+        image_name: str,
+        host_port: int,
+        container_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        volumes: List[str] = None,
+        network: Optional[str] = None,
+        env_vars: Dict[str, str] = None,
+        cpu_limit: float = 1.0,
+        memory_limit: str = "1.5g",
+        extra_args: List[str] = None,
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Create a new Docker container.
+
+        Args:
+            image_name: Docker image to use
+            host_port: Port on host to map to container port 9223
+            container_name: Optional name for the container
+            volumes: List of volume mappings (e.g., ["host_path:container_path"])
+            network: Optional Docker network to use
+            env_vars: Dictionary of environment variables
+            cpu_limit: CPU limit for the container
+            memory_limit: Memory limit for the container
+            extra_args: Additional docker run arguments
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Container ID if successful, None otherwise
+        """
+        # Prepare container command
+        cmd = [
+            "docker",
+            "run",
+            "--detach",
+        ]
+
+        # Add container name if specified
+        if container_name:
+            cmd.extend(["--name", container_name])
+
+        # Add port mapping
+        cmd.extend(["-p", f"{host_port}:9223"])
+
+        # Add volumes
+        if volumes:
+            for volume in volumes:
+                cmd.extend(["-v", volume])
+
+        # Add network if specified
+        if network:
+            cmd.extend(["--network", network])
+
+        # Add environment variables
+        if env_vars:
+            for key, value in env_vars.items():
+                cmd.extend(["-e", f"{key}={value}"])
+
+        # Add CPU and memory limits
+        if cpu_limit:
+            cmd.extend(["--cpus", str(cpu_limit)])
+        if memory_limit:
+            cmd.extend(["--memory", memory_limit])
+            cmd.extend(["--memory-swap", memory_limit])
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Setting CPU limit: {cpu_limit}, Memory limit: {memory_limit}",
+                tag="DOCKER",
+            )
+
+        # Add extra args
+        if extra_args:
+            cmd.extend(extra_args)
+
+        # Add image
+        cmd.append(image_name)
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Creating Docker container with command: {' '.join(cmd)}", tag="DOCKER"
+            )
+
+        # Run docker command
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+                *cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE, stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+            stdout, stderr = await process.communicate()
+
+            if process.returncode != 0:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        message="Failed to create Docker container: {error}",
+                        tag="DOCKER",
+                        params={"error": stderr.decode()},
+                    )
+                return None
+
+            # Get container ID
+            container_id = stdout.decode().strip()
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.success(
+                    f"Created Docker container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+
+            return container_id
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    message="Error creating Docker container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": str(e)},
+                )
+            return None
+
+    async def is_container_running(self, container_id: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if a container is running.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container to check
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the container is running, False otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["docker", "inspect", "--format", "{{.State.Running}}", container_id]
+
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+                *cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE, stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+            stdout, _ = await process.communicate()
+
+            return process.returncode == 0 and stdout.decode().strip() == "true"
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Error checking if container is running: {str(e)}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+            return False
+
+    async def wait_for_container_ready(
+        self, container_id: str, timeout: int = 30
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Wait for the container to be in running state.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container to wait for
+            timeout: Maximum time to wait in seconds
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if container is ready, False if timeout occurred
+        """
+        for _ in range(timeout):
+            if await self.is_container_running(container_id):
+                return True
+            await asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.warning(
+                f"Container {container_id[:12]} not ready after {timeout}s timeout",
+                tag="DOCKER",
+            )
+        return False
+
+    async def stop_container(self, container_id: str) -> bool:
+        """Stop a Docker container.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container to stop
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if stopped successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["docker", "stop", container_id]
+
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(*cmd)
+            await process.communicate()
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Stopped container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+
+            return process.returncode == 0
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning(
+                    message="Failed to stop container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": str(e)},
+                )
+            return False
+
+    async def remove_container(self, container_id: str, force: bool = True) -> bool:
+        """Remove a Docker container.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container to remove
+            force: Whether to force removal
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if removed successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["docker", "rm"]
+        if force:
+            cmd.append("-f")
+        cmd.append(container_id)
+
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(*cmd)
+            await process.communicate()
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Removed container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+
+            return process.returncode == 0
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning(
+                    message="Failed to remove container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": str(e)},
+                )
+            return False
+
+    # Container Command Execution Methods
+
+    async def exec_in_container(
+        self, container_id: str, command: List[str], detach: bool = False
+    ) -> Tuple[int, str, str]:
+        """Execute a command in a running container.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container
+            command: Command to execute as a list of strings
+            detach: Whether to run the command in detached mode
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (return_code, stdout, stderr)
+        """
+        cmd = ["docker", "exec"]
+        if detach:
+            cmd.append("-d")
+        cmd.append(container_id)
+        cmd.extend(command)
+
+        try:
+            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+                *cmd, stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE, stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+            stdout, stderr = await process.communicate()
+
+            return process.returncode, stdout.decode(), stderr.decode()
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    message="Error executing command in container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": str(e)},
+                )
+            return -1, "", str(e)
+
+    async def start_socat_in_container(self, container_id: str) -> bool:
+        """Start socat in the container to map port 9222 to 9223.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if socat started successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        # Command to run socat as a background process
+        cmd = ["socat", "TCP-LISTEN:9223,fork", "TCP:localhost:9222"]
+
+        returncode, _, stderr = await self.exec_in_container(
+            container_id, cmd, detach=True
+        )
+
+        if returncode != 0:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    message="Failed to start socat in container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": stderr},
+                )
+            return False
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Started socat in container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+            )
+
+        # Wait a moment for socat to start
+        await asyncio.sleep(1)
+        return True
+
+    async def launch_chrome_in_container(
+        self, container_id: str, browser_args: List[str]
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Launch Chrome inside the container with specified arguments.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container
+            browser_args: Chrome command line arguments
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if Chrome started successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        # Build Chrome command
+        chrome_cmd = ["chromium"]
+        chrome_cmd.extend(browser_args)
+
+        returncode, _, stderr = await self.exec_in_container(
+            container_id, chrome_cmd, detach=True
+        )
+
+        if returncode != 0:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    message="Failed to launch Chrome in container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": stderr},
+                )
+            return False
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Launched Chrome in container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+            )
+
+        return True
+
+    async def get_process_id_in_container(
+        self, container_id: str, process_name: str
+    ) -> Optional[int]:
+        """Get the process ID for a process in the container.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container
+            process_name: Name pattern to search for
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Process ID if found, None otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["pgrep", "-f", process_name]
+
+        returncode, stdout, _ = await self.exec_in_container(container_id, cmd)
+
+        if returncode == 0 and stdout.strip():
+            pid = int(stdout.strip().split("\n")[0])
+            return pid
+
+        return None
+
+    async def stop_process_in_container(self, container_id: str, pid: int) -> bool:
+        """Stop a process in the container by PID.
+
+        Args:
+            container_id: ID of the container
+            pid: Process ID to stop
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if process was stopped, False otherwise
+        """
+        cmd = ["kill", "-TERM", str(pid)]
+
+        returncode, _, stderr = await self.exec_in_container(container_id, cmd)
+
+        if returncode != 0:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning(
+                    message="Failed to stop process in container: {error}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                    params={"error": stderr},
+                )
+            return False
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Stopped process {pid} in container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="DOCKER"
+            )
+
+        return True
+
+    # Network and Port Methods
+
+    async def wait_for_cdp_ready(self, host_port: int, timeout: int = 10) -> dict:
+        """Wait for the CDP endpoint to be ready.
+
+        Args:
+            host_port: Port to check for CDP endpoint
+            timeout: Maximum time to wait in seconds
+
+        Returns:
+            dict: CDP JSON config if ready, None if timeout occurred
+        """
+        import aiohttp
+
+        url = f"http://localhost:{host_port}/json/version"
+
+        for _ in range(timeout):
+            try:
+                async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+                    async with session.get(url, timeout=1) as response:
+                        if response.status == 200:
+                            if self.logger:
+                                self.logger.debug(
+                                    f"CDP endpoint ready on port {host_port}",
+                                    tag="DOCKER",
+                                )
+                            cdp_json_config = await response.json()
+                            if self.logger:
+                                self.logger.debug(
+                                    f"CDP JSON config: {cdp_json_config}", tag="DOCKER"
+                                )
+                            return cdp_json_config
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            await asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.warning(
+                f"CDP endpoint not ready on port {host_port} after {timeout}s timeout",
+                tag="DOCKER",
+            )
+        return None
+
+    def is_port_in_use(self, port: int) -> bool:
+        """Check if a port is already in use on the host.
+
+        Args:
+            port: Port number to check
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if port is in use, False otherwise
+        """
+        with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
+            return s.connect_ex(("localhost", port)) == 0
+
+    def get_next_available_port(self, start_port: int = 9223) -> int:
+        """Get the next available port starting from a given port.
+
+        Args:
+            start_port: Port number to start checking from
+
+        Returns:
+            int: First available port number
+        """
+        port = start_port
+        while self.is_port_in_use(port):
+            port += 1
+        return port
+
+    # Configuration Hash Methods
+
+    def generate_config_hash(self, config_dict: Dict) -> str:
+        """Generate a hash of the configuration for container matching.
+
+        Args:
+            config_dict: Dictionary of configuration parameters
+
+        Returns:
+            str: Hash string uniquely identifying this configuration
+        """
+        # Convert to canonical JSON string and hash
+        config_json = json.dumps(config_dict, sort_keys=True)
+        return hashlib.sha256(config_json.encode()).hexdigest()

crawl4ai/browser/manager copy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+"""Browser manager module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides a central browser management class that uses the
+strategy pattern internally while maintaining the existing API.
+It also implements a page pooling mechanism for improved performance.
+"""
+
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, List
+
+from playwright.async_api import Page, BrowserContext
+
+from ..async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ..async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+
+from .strategies import (
+    BaseBrowserStrategy,
+    PlaywrightBrowserStrategy,
+    CDPBrowserStrategy,
+    BuiltinBrowserStrategy,
+    DockerBrowserStrategy
+)
+
+class BrowserManager:
+    """Main interface for browser management in Crawl4AI.
+    
+    This class maintains backward compatibility with the existing implementation
+    while using the strategy pattern internally for different browser types.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        config (BrowserConfig): Configuration object containing all browser settings
+        logger: Logger instance for recording events and errors
+        browser: The browser instance
+        default_context: The default browser context
+        managed_browser: The managed browser instance
+        playwright: The Playwright instance
+        sessions: Dictionary to store session information
+        session_ttl: Session timeout in seconds
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the BrowserManager with a browser configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Configuration object containing all browser settings
+            logger: Logger instance for recording events and errors
+        """
+        self.config = browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+        self.logger = logger
+        
+        # Create strategy based on configuration
+        self.strategy = self._create_strategy()
+        
+        # Initialize state variables for compatibility with existing code
+        self.browser = None
+        self.default_context = None
+        self.managed_browser = None
+        self.playwright = None
+        
+        # For session management (from existing implementation)
+        self.sessions = {}
+        self.session_ttl = 1800  # 30 minutes
+    
+    def _create_strategy(self) -> BaseBrowserStrategy:
+        """Create appropriate browser strategy based on configuration.
+        
+        Returns:
+            BaseBrowserStrategy: The selected browser strategy
+        """
+        if self.config.browser_mode == "builtin":
+            return BuiltinBrowserStrategy(self.config, self.logger)
+        elif self.config.browser_mode == "docker":
+            if DockerBrowserStrategy is None:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        "Docker browser strategy requested but not available. "
+                        "Falling back to PlaywrightBrowserStrategy.",
+                        tag="BROWSER"
+                    )
+                return PlaywrightBrowserStrategy(self.config, self.logger)
+            return DockerBrowserStrategy(self.config, self.logger)
+        elif self.config.browser_mode == "cdp" or self.config.cdp_url or self.config.use_managed_browser:
+            return CDPBrowserStrategy(self.config, self.logger)
+        else:
+            return PlaywrightBrowserStrategy(self.config, self.logger)
+    
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start the browser instance and set up the default context.
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Start the strategy
+        await self.strategy.start()
+        
+        # Update legacy references
+        self.browser = self.strategy.browser
+        self.default_context = self.strategy.default_context
+        
+        # Set browser process reference (for CDP strategy)
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'browser_process'):
+            self.managed_browser = self.strategy
+        
+        # Set Playwright reference
+        self.playwright = self.strategy.playwright
+        
+        # Sync sessions if needed
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'sessions'):
+            self.sessions = self.strategy.sessions
+            self.session_ttl = self.strategy.session_ttl
+        
+        return self
+    
+    async def get_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        """Get a page for the given configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration object for the crawler run
+            
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (Page, BrowserContext)
+        """
+        # Delegate to strategy
+        page, context = await self.strategy.get_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+        
+        # Sync sessions if needed
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'sessions'):
+            self.sessions = self.strategy.sessions
+        
+        return page, context
+        
+    async def get_pages(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig, count: int = 1) -> List[Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]]:
+        """Get multiple pages with the same configuration.
+        
+        This method efficiently creates multiple browser pages using the same configuration,
+        which is useful for parallel crawling of multiple URLs.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration for the pages
+            count: Number of pages to create
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of (Page, Context) tuples
+        """
+        # Delegate to strategy
+        pages = await self.strategy.get_pages(crawlerRunConfig, count)
+        
+        # Sync sessions if needed
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'sessions'):
+            self.sessions = self.strategy.sessions
+            
+        return pages
+    
+    # Just for legacy compatibility
+    async def kill_session(self, session_id: str):
+        """Kill a browser session and clean up resources.
+        
+        Args:
+            session_id: The session ID to kill
+        """
+        # Handle kill_session via our strategy if it supports it
+        await self.strategy.kill_session(session_id)
+
+        # sync sessions if needed
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'sessions'):
+            self.sessions = self.strategy.sessions
+    
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the browser and clean up resources."""
+        # Delegate to strategy
+        await self.strategy.close()
+        
+        # Reset legacy references
+        self.browser = None
+        self.default_context = None
+        self.managed_browser = None
+        self.playwright = None
+        self.sessions = {}

crawl4ai/browser/manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,853 @@
+"""Browser manager module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides a central browser management class that uses the
+strategy pattern internally while maintaining the existing API.
+It also implements browser pooling for improved performance.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+import json
+import math
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Any
+
+from playwright.async_api import Page, BrowserContext
+
+from ..async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ..async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+
+from .strategies import (
+    BaseBrowserStrategy,
+    PlaywrightBrowserStrategy,
+    CDPBrowserStrategy,
+    BuiltinBrowserStrategy,
+    DockerBrowserStrategy
+)
+
+class UnavailableBehavior(Enum):
+    """Behavior when no browser is available."""
+    ON_DEMAND = "on_demand"  # Create new browser on demand
+    PENDING = "pending"      # Wait until a browser is available
+    EXCEPTION = "exception"  # Raise an exception
+
+
+class BrowserManager:
+    """Main interface for browser management and pooling in Crawl4AI.
+    
+    This class maintains backward compatibility with the existing implementation
+    while using the strategy pattern internally for different browser types.
+    It also implements browser pooling for improved performance.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        config (BrowserConfig): Default configuration object for browsers
+        logger (AsyncLogger): Logger instance for recording events and errors
+        browser_pool (Dict): Dictionary to store browser instances by configuration
+        browser_in_use (Dict): Dictionary to track which browsers are in use
+        request_queues (Dict): Queues for pending requests by configuration
+        unavailable_behavior (UnavailableBehavior): Behavior when no browser is available
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self, 
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None, 
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        unavailable_behavior: UnavailableBehavior = UnavailableBehavior.EXCEPTION,
+        max_browsers_per_config: int = 10,
+        max_pages_per_browser: int = 5
+        ):
+        """Initialize the BrowserManager with a browser configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Configuration object containing all browser settings
+            logger: Logger instance for recording events and errors
+            unavailable_behavior: Behavior when no browser is available
+            max_browsers_per_config: Maximum number of browsers per configuration
+            max_pages_per_browser: Maximum number of pages per browser
+        """
+        self.config = browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+        self.logger = logger
+        self.unavailable_behavior = unavailable_behavior
+        self.max_browsers_per_config = max_browsers_per_config
+        self.max_pages_per_browser = max_pages_per_browser
+        
+        # Browser pool management
+        self.browser_pool = {}            # config_hash -> list of browser strategies
+        self.browser_in_use = {}          # strategy instance -> Boolean
+        self.request_queues = {}          # config_hash -> asyncio.Queue()
+        self._browser_locks = {}          # config_hash -> asyncio.Lock()
+        self._browser_pool_lock = asyncio.Lock()  # Global lock for pool modifications
+        
+        # Page pool management
+        self.page_pool = {}  # (browser_config_hash, crawler_config_hash) -> list of (page, context, strategy)
+        self._page_pool_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+            
+        self.browser_page_counts = {}  # strategy instance -> current page count
+        self._page_count_lock = asyncio.Lock()  # Lock for thread-safe access to page counts
+
+        # For session management (from existing implementation)
+        self.sessions = {}
+        self.session_ttl = 1800  # 30 minutes
+
+        # For legacy compatibility
+        self.browser = None
+        self.default_context = None
+        self.managed_browser = None
+        self.playwright = None
+        self.strategy = None
+    
+    def _create_browser_config_hash(self, browser_config: BrowserConfig) -> str:
+        """Create a hash of the browser configuration for browser pooling.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Browser configuration
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: Hash of the browser configuration
+        """
+        # Convert config to dictionary, excluding any callable objects
+        config_dict = browser_config.__dict__.copy()
+        for key in list(config_dict.keys()):
+            if callable(config_dict[key]):
+                del config_dict[key]
+        
+        # Convert to canonical JSON string
+        config_json = json.dumps(config_dict, sort_keys=True, default=str)
+        
+        # Hash the JSON
+        config_hash = hashlib.sha256(config_json.encode()).hexdigest()
+        return config_hash
+    
+    def _create_strategy(self, browser_config: BrowserConfig) -> BaseBrowserStrategy:
+        """Create appropriate browser strategy based on configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Browser configuration
+            
+        Returns:
+            BaseBrowserStrategy: The selected browser strategy
+        """
+        if browser_config.browser_mode == "builtin":
+            return BuiltinBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+        elif browser_config.browser_mode == "docker":
+            if DockerBrowserStrategy is None:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        "Docker browser strategy requested but not available. "
+                        "Falling back to PlaywrightBrowserStrategy.",
+                        tag="BROWSER"
+                    )
+                return PlaywrightBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+            return DockerBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+        elif browser_config.browser_mode == "cdp" or browser_config.cdp_url or browser_config.use_managed_browser:
+            return CDPBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+        else:
+            return PlaywrightBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+    
+    async def initialize_pool(
+        self, 
+        browser_configs: List[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        browsers_per_config: int = 1,
+        page_configs: Optional[List[Tuple[BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, int]]] = None
+    ):
+        """Initialize the browser pool with multiple browser configurations.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_configs: List of browser configurations to initialize
+            browsers_per_config: Number of browser instances per configuration
+            page_configs: Optional list of (browser_config, crawler_run_config, count) tuples
+                for pre-warming pages
+                
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        if not browser_configs:
+            browser_configs = [self.config]
+        
+        # Calculate how many browsers we'll need based on page_configs
+        browsers_needed = {}
+        if page_configs:
+            for browser_config, _, page_count in page_configs:
+                config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+                # Calculate browsers based on max_pages_per_browser
+                browsers_needed_for_config = math.ceil(page_count / self.max_pages_per_browser)
+                browsers_needed[config_hash] = max(
+                    browsers_needed.get(config_hash, 0),
+                    browsers_needed_for_config
+                )
+        
+        # Adjust browsers_per_config if needed to ensure enough capacity
+        config_browsers_needed = {}
+        for browser_config in browser_configs:
+            config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+            
+            # Estimate browsers needed based on page requirements
+            browsers_for_config = browsers_per_config
+            if config_hash in browsers_needed:
+                browsers_for_config = max(browsers_for_config, browsers_needed[config_hash])
+            
+            config_browsers_needed[config_hash] = browsers_for_config
+            
+            # Update max_browsers_per_config if needed
+            if browsers_for_config > self.max_browsers_per_config:
+                self.max_browsers_per_config = browsers_for_config
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info(
+                        f"Increased max_browsers_per_config to {browsers_for_config} to accommodate page requirements",
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+        
+        # Initialize locks and queues for each config
+        async with self._browser_pool_lock:
+            for browser_config in browser_configs:
+                config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+                
+                # Initialize lock for this config if needed
+                if config_hash not in self._browser_locks:
+                    self._browser_locks[config_hash] = asyncio.Lock()
+                
+                # Initialize queue for this config if needed
+                if config_hash not in self.request_queues:
+                    self.request_queues[config_hash] = asyncio.Queue()
+                
+                # Initialize pool for this config if needed
+                if config_hash not in self.browser_pool:
+                    self.browser_pool[config_hash] = []
+        
+        # Create browser instances for each configuration in parallel
+        browser_tasks = []
+        
+        for browser_config in browser_configs:
+            config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+            browsers_to_create = config_browsers_needed.get(
+                config_hash, 
+                browsers_per_config
+            ) - len(self.browser_pool.get(config_hash, []))
+            
+            if browsers_to_create <= 0:
+                continue
+                
+            for _ in range(browsers_to_create):
+                # Create a task for each browser initialization
+                task = self._create_and_add_browser(browser_config, config_hash)
+                browser_tasks.append(task)
+        
+        # Wait for all browser initializations to complete
+        if browser_tasks:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.info(f"Initializing {len(browser_tasks)} browsers in parallel...", tag="POOL")
+            await asyncio.gather(*browser_tasks)
+        
+        # Pre-warm pages if requested
+        if page_configs:
+            page_tasks = []
+            for browser_config, crawler_run_config, count in page_configs:
+                task = self._prewarm_pages(browser_config, crawler_run_config, count)
+                page_tasks.append(task)
+            
+            if page_tasks:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info(f"Pre-warming pages with {len(page_tasks)} configurations...", tag="POOL")
+                await asyncio.gather(*page_tasks)
+        
+        # Update legacy references
+        if self.browser_pool and next(iter(self.browser_pool.values()), []):
+            strategy = next(iter(self.browser_pool.values()))[0]
+            self.strategy = strategy
+            self.browser = strategy.browser
+            self.default_context = strategy.default_context
+            self.playwright = strategy.playwright
+        
+        return self
+
+    async def _create_and_add_browser(self, browser_config: BrowserConfig, config_hash: str):
+        """Create and add a browser to the pool.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Browser configuration
+            config_hash: Hash of the configuration
+        """
+        try:
+            strategy = self._create_strategy(browser_config)
+            await strategy.start()
+            
+            async with self._browser_pool_lock:
+                if config_hash not in self.browser_pool:
+                    self.browser_pool[config_hash] = []
+                self.browser_pool[config_hash].append(strategy)
+                self.browser_in_use[strategy] = False
+            
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Added browser to pool: {browser_config.browser_type} "
+                    f"({browser_config.browser_mode})", 
+                    tag="POOL"
+                )
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    f"Failed to create browser: {str(e)}", 
+                    tag="POOL"
+                )
+            raise
+
+    def _make_config_signature(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> str:
+        """Create a signature hash from crawler configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Crawler run configuration
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: Hash of the crawler configuration
+        """
+        config_dict = crawlerRunConfig.__dict__.copy()
+        # Exclude items that do not affect page creation
+        ephemeral_keys = [
+            "session_id",
+            "js_code",
+            "scraping_strategy",
+            "extraction_strategy",
+            "chunking_strategy",
+            "cache_mode",
+            "content_filter",
+            "semaphore_count",
+            "url"
+        ]
+        for key in ephemeral_keys:
+            if key in config_dict:
+                del config_dict[key]
+                
+        # Convert to canonical JSON string
+        config_json = json.dumps(config_dict, sort_keys=True, default=str)
+
+        # Hash the JSON
+        config_hash = hashlib.sha256(config_json.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+        return config_hash            
+
+    async def _prewarm_pages(
+        self, 
+        browser_config: BrowserConfig, 
+        crawler_run_config: CrawlerRunConfig, 
+        count: int
+    ):
+        """Pre-warm pages for a specific configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Browser configuration
+            crawler_run_config: Crawler run configuration
+            count: Number of pages to pre-warm
+        """
+        try:
+            # Create individual page tasks and run them in parallel
+            browser_config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+            crawler_config_hash = self._make_config_signature(crawler_run_config)            
+            async def get_single_page():
+                strategy = await self.get_available_browser(browser_config)
+                try:
+                    page, context = await strategy.get_page(crawler_run_config)
+                    # Store config hashes on the page object for later retrieval
+                    setattr(page, "_browser_config_hash", browser_config_hash)
+                    setattr(page, "_crawler_config_hash", crawler_config_hash)                    
+                    return page, context, strategy
+                except Exception as e:
+                    # Release the browser back to the pool
+                    await self.release_browser(strategy, browser_config)
+                    raise e
+                
+            # Create tasks for parallel execution
+            page_tasks = [get_single_page() for _ in range(count)]
+            
+            # Execute all page creation tasks in parallel
+            pages_contexts_strategies = await asyncio.gather(*page_tasks)
+            
+            # Add pages to the page pool
+            browser_config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+            crawler_config_hash = self._make_config_signature(crawler_run_config)
+            pool_key = (browser_config_hash, crawler_config_hash)
+            
+            async with self._page_pool_lock:
+                if pool_key not in self.page_pool:
+                    self.page_pool[pool_key] = []
+                
+                # Add all pages to the pool
+                self.page_pool[pool_key].extend(pages_contexts_strategies)
+                
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Pre-warmed {count} pages in parallel with config {crawler_run_config}", 
+                    tag="POOL"
+                )
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    f"Failed to pre-warm pages: {str(e)}", 
+                    tag="POOL"
+                )
+            raise
+    
+    async def get_available_browser(
+        self, 
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None
+    ) -> BaseBrowserStrategy:
+        """Get an available browser from the pool for the given configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_config: Browser configuration to match
+            
+        Returns:
+            BaseBrowserStrategy: An available browser strategy
+            
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If no browser is available and behavior is EXCEPTION
+        """
+        browser_config = browser_config or self.config
+        config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+        
+        async with self._browser_locks.get(config_hash, asyncio.Lock()):
+            # Check if we have browsers for this config
+            if config_hash not in self.browser_pool or not self.browser_pool[config_hash]:
+                if self.unavailable_behavior == UnavailableBehavior.ON_DEMAND:
+                    # Create a new browser on demand
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info(
+                            f"1> Creating new browser on demand for config {config_hash[:8]}",
+                            tag="POOL"
+                        )
+                    
+                    # Initialize pool for this config if needed
+                    async with self._browser_pool_lock:
+                        if config_hash not in self.browser_pool:
+                            self.browser_pool[config_hash] = []
+                        
+                        strategy = self._create_strategy(browser_config)
+                        await strategy.start()
+
+                        self.browser_pool[config_hash].append(strategy)
+                        self.browser_in_use[strategy] = False
+
+                elif self.unavailable_behavior == UnavailableBehavior.EXCEPTION:
+                    raise Exception(f"No browsers available for configuration {config_hash[:8]}")
+            
+            # Check for an available browser with capacity in the pool
+            for strategy in self.browser_pool[config_hash]:
+                # Check if this browser has capacity for more pages
+                async with self._page_count_lock:
+                    current_pages = self.browser_page_counts.get(strategy, 0)
+
+                    if current_pages < self.max_pages_per_browser:
+                        # Increment the page count
+                        self.browser_page_counts[strategy] = current_pages + 1
+
+                        self.browser_in_use[strategy] = True
+
+                        # Get browser information for better logging
+                        browser_type = getattr(strategy.config, 'browser_type', 'unknown')
+                        browser_mode = getattr(strategy.config, 'browser_mode', 'unknown')
+                        strategy_id = id(strategy)  # Use object ID as a unique identifier
+
+                        if self.logger:
+                            self.logger.debug(
+                                f"Selected browser #{strategy_id} ({browser_type}/{browser_mode}) - " 
+                                f"pages: {current_pages+1}/{self.max_pages_per_browser}",
+                                tag="POOL"
+                            )                        
+
+                        return strategy
+            
+            # All browsers are at capacity or in use
+            if self.unavailable_behavior == UnavailableBehavior.ON_DEMAND:
+                # Check if we've reached the maximum number of browsers
+                if len(self.browser_pool[config_hash]) >= self.max_browsers_per_config:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning(
+                            f"Maximum browsers reached for config {config_hash[:8]} and all at page capacity",
+                            tag="POOL"
+                        )
+                    if self.unavailable_behavior == UnavailableBehavior.EXCEPTION:
+                        raise Exception("Maximum browsers reached and all at page capacity")
+                
+                # Create a new browser on demand
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info(
+                        f"2> Creating new browser on demand for config {config_hash[:8]}",
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+                
+                strategy = self._create_strategy(browser_config)
+                await strategy.start()
+                
+                async with self._browser_pool_lock:
+                    self.browser_pool[config_hash].append(strategy)
+                    self.browser_in_use[strategy] = True
+                
+                return strategy
+            
+            # If we get here, either behavior is EXCEPTION or PENDING
+            if self.unavailable_behavior == UnavailableBehavior.EXCEPTION:
+                raise Exception(f"All browsers in use or at page capacity for configuration {config_hash[:8]}")
+            
+            # For PENDING behavior, set up waiting mechanism
+            if config_hash not in self.request_queues:
+                self.request_queues[config_hash] = asyncio.Queue()
+            
+            # Create a future to wait on
+            future = asyncio.Future()
+            await self.request_queues[config_hash].put(future)
+            
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(
+                    f"Waiting for available browser for config {config_hash[:8]}",
+                    tag="POOL"
+                )
+            
+            # Wait for a browser to become available
+            strategy = await future
+            return strategy
+
+    async def get_page(
+        self, 
+        crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig,
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None
+    ) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext, BaseBrowserStrategy]:
+        """Get a page from the browser pool."""
+        browser_config = browser_config or self.config
+        
+        # Check if we have a pre-warmed page available
+        browser_config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+        crawler_config_hash = self._make_config_signature(crawlerRunConfig)
+        pool_key = (browser_config_hash, crawler_config_hash)
+        
+        # Try to get a page from the pool
+        async with self._page_pool_lock:
+            if pool_key in self.page_pool and self.page_pool[pool_key]:
+                # Get a page from the pool
+                page, context, strategy = self.page_pool[pool_key].pop()
+                
+                # Mark browser as in use (it already is, but ensure consistency)
+                self.browser_in_use[strategy] = True
+                
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.debug(
+                        f"Using pre-warmed page for config {crawler_config_hash[:8]}", 
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+                    
+                # Note: We don't increment page count since it was already counted when created
+                
+                return page, context, strategy
+        
+        # No pre-warmed page available, create a new one
+        # get_available_browser already increments the page count
+        strategy = await self.get_available_browser(browser_config)
+        
+        try:
+            # Get a page from the browser
+            page, context = await strategy.get_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+            
+            # Store config hashes on the page object for later retrieval
+            setattr(page, "_browser_config_hash", browser_config_hash)
+            setattr(page, "_crawler_config_hash", crawler_config_hash)
+            
+            return page, context, strategy
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Release the browser back to the pool and decrement the page count
+            await self.release_browser(strategy, browser_config, decrement_page_count=True)
+            raise e
+        
+    async def release_page(
+        self, 
+        page: Page, 
+        strategy: BaseBrowserStrategy, 
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        keep_alive: bool = True,
+        return_to_pool: bool = True
+    ):
+        """Release a page back to the pool."""
+        browser_config = browser_config or self.config
+
+        page_url = page.url if page else None
+        
+        # If not keeping the page alive, close it and decrement count
+        if not keep_alive:
+            try:
+                await page.close()
+            except Exception as e:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        f"Error closing page: {str(e)}",
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+            # Release the browser with page count decrement
+            await self.release_browser(strategy, browser_config, decrement_page_count=True)
+            return
+        
+        # If returning to pool
+        if return_to_pool:
+            # Get the configuration hashes from the page object
+            browser_config_hash = getattr(page, "_browser_config_hash", None)
+            crawler_config_hash = getattr(page, "_crawler_config_hash", None)
+            
+            if browser_config_hash and crawler_config_hash:
+                pool_key = (browser_config_hash, crawler_config_hash)
+                
+                async with self._page_pool_lock:
+                    if pool_key not in self.page_pool:
+                        self.page_pool[pool_key] = []
+                    
+                    # Add page back to the pool
+                    self.page_pool[pool_key].append((page, page.context, strategy))
+                    
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            f"Returned page to pool for config {crawler_config_hash[:8]}, url: {page_url}", 
+                            tag="POOL"
+                        )
+                    
+                    # Note: We don't decrement the page count here since the page is still "in use" 
+                    # from the browser's perspective, just in our pool
+                    return
+            else:
+                # If we can't identify the configuration, log a warning
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.warning(
+                        "Cannot return page to pool - missing configuration hashes", 
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+        
+        # If we got here, we couldn't return to pool, so just release the browser
+        await self.release_browser(strategy, browser_config, decrement_page_count=True)
+    
+    async def release_browser(
+        self, 
+        strategy: BaseBrowserStrategy, 
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        decrement_page_count: bool = True
+    ):
+        """Release a browser back to the pool."""
+        browser_config = browser_config or self.config
+        config_hash = self._create_browser_config_hash(browser_config)
+        
+        # Decrement page count
+        if decrement_page_count:
+            async with self._page_count_lock:
+                current_count = self.browser_page_counts.get(strategy, 1)
+                self.browser_page_counts[strategy] = max(0, current_count - 1)
+                
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.debug(
+                        f"Decremented page count for browser (now: {self.browser_page_counts[strategy]})",
+                        tag="POOL"
+                    )
+        
+        # Mark as not in use
+        self.browser_in_use[strategy] = False
+        
+        # Process any waiting requests
+        if config_hash in self.request_queues and not self.request_queues[config_hash].empty():
+            future = await self.request_queues[config_hash].get()
+            if not future.done():
+                future.set_result(strategy)
+
+    async def get_pages(
+        self, 
+        crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig, 
+        count: int = 1,
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None
+    ) -> List[Tuple[Page, BrowserContext, BaseBrowserStrategy]]:
+        """Get multiple pages from the browser pool.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration for the crawler run
+            count: Number of pages to get
+            browser_config: Browser configuration to use
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of (Page, Context, Strategy) tuples
+        """
+        results = []
+        for _ in range(count):
+            try:
+                result = await self.get_page(crawlerRunConfig, browser_config)
+                results.append(result)
+            except Exception as e:
+                # Release any pages we've already gotten
+                for page, _, strategy in results:
+                    await self.release_page(page, strategy, browser_config)
+                raise e
+        
+        return results
+
+    async def get_page_pool_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get information about the page pool status.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict with page pool status information
+        """
+        status = {
+            "total_pooled_pages": 0,
+            "configs": {}
+        }
+        
+        async with self._page_pool_lock:
+            for (browser_hash, crawler_hash), pages in self.page_pool.items():
+                config_key = f"{browser_hash[:8]}_{crawler_hash[:8]}"
+                status["configs"][config_key] = len(pages)
+                status["total_pooled_pages"] += len(pages)
+        
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(
+                f"Page pool status: {status['total_pooled_pages']} pages available",
+                tag="POOL"
+            )
+        
+        return status
+
+    async def get_pool_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get information about the browser pool status.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict with pool status information
+        """
+        status = {
+            "total_browsers": 0,
+            "browsers_in_use": 0,
+            "total_pages": 0,
+            "configs": {}
+        }
+        
+        for config_hash, strategies in self.browser_pool.items():
+            config_pages = 0
+            in_use = 0
+            
+            for strategy in strategies:
+                is_in_use = self.browser_in_use.get(strategy, False)
+                if is_in_use:
+                    in_use += 1
+                
+                # Get page count for this browser
+                try:
+                    page_count = len(await strategy.get_opened_pages())
+                    config_pages += page_count
+                except Exception as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error(f"Error getting page count: {str(e)}", tag="POOL")
+            
+            config_status = {
+                "total_browsers": len(strategies),
+                "browsers_in_use": in_use,
+                "pages_open": config_pages,
+                "waiting_requests": self.request_queues.get(config_hash, asyncio.Queue()).qsize(),
+                "max_capacity": len(strategies) * self.max_pages_per_browser,
+                "utilization_pct": round((config_pages / (len(strategies) * self.max_pages_per_browser)) * 100, 1) 
+                    if strategies else 0
+            }
+            
+            status["configs"][config_hash] = config_status
+            status["total_browsers"] += config_status["total_browsers"]
+            status["browsers_in_use"] += config_status["browsers_in_use"]
+            status["total_pages"] += config_pages
+        
+        # Add overall utilization
+        if status["total_browsers"] > 0:
+            max_capacity = status["total_browsers"] * self.max_pages_per_browser
+            status["overall_utilization_pct"] = round((status["total_pages"] / max_capacity) * 100, 1)
+        else:
+            status["overall_utilization_pct"] = 0
+        
+        return status
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start at least one browser instance in the pool.
+        
+        This method is kept for backward compatibility.
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        await self.initialize_pool([self.config], 1)
+        return self
+        
+    async def kill_session(self, session_id: str):
+        """Kill a browser session and clean up resources.
+        
+        Delegated to the strategy. This method is kept for backward compatibility.
+        
+        Args:
+            session_id: The session ID to kill
+        """
+        if not self.strategy:
+            return
+            
+        await self.strategy.kill_session(session_id)
+        
+        # Sync sessions
+        if hasattr(self.strategy, 'sessions'):
+            self.sessions = self.strategy.sessions
+    
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close all browsers in the pool and clean up resources."""
+        # Close all browsers in the pool
+        for strategies in self.browser_pool.values():
+            for strategy in strategies:
+                try:
+                    await strategy.close()
+                except Exception as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error(
+                            f"Error closing browser: {str(e)}",
+                            tag="POOL"
+                        )
+        
+        # Clear pool data
+        self.browser_pool = {}
+        self.browser_in_use = {}
+        
+        # Reset legacy references
+        self.browser = None
+        self.default_context = None
+        self.managed_browser = None
+        self.playwright = None
+        self.strategy = None
+        self.sessions = {}
+
+
+async def create_browser_manager(
+    browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+    logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+    unavailable_behavior: UnavailableBehavior = UnavailableBehavior.EXCEPTION,
+    max_browsers_per_config: int = 10,
+    initial_pool_size: int = 1,
+    page_configs: Optional[List[Tuple[BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, int]]] = None
+) -> BrowserManager:
+    """Factory function to create and initialize a BrowserManager.
+    
+    Args:
+        browser_config: Configuration for the browsers
+        logger: Logger for recording events
+        unavailable_behavior: Behavior when no browser is available
+        max_browsers_per_config: Maximum browsers per configuration
+        initial_pool_size: Initial number of browsers per configuration
+        page_configs: Optional configurations for pre-warming pages
+        
+    Returns:
+        Initialized BrowserManager
+    """
+    manager = BrowserManager(
+        browser_config=browser_config,
+        logger=logger,
+        unavailable_behavior=unavailable_behavior,
+        max_browsers_per_config=max_browsers_per_config
+    )
+    
+    await manager.initialize_pool(
+        [browser_config] if browser_config else None,
+        initial_pool_size,
+        page_configs
+    )
+    
+    return manager
+
+
+
+
+

crawl4ai/browser/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+"""Docker configuration module for Crawl4AI browser automation.
+
+This module provides configuration classes for Docker-based browser automation,
+allowing flexible configuration of Docker containers for browsing.
+"""
+
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
+
+
+class DockerConfig:
+    """Configuration for Docker-based browser automation.
+    
+    This class contains Docker-specific settings to avoid cluttering BrowserConfig.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        mode (str): Docker operation mode - "connect" or "launch".
+            - "connect": Uses a container with Chrome already running
+            - "launch": Dynamically configures and starts Chrome in container
+        image (str): Docker image to use. If None, defaults from DockerUtils are used.
+        registry_file (str): Path to container registry file for persistence.
+        persistent (bool): Keep container running after browser closes.
+        remove_on_exit (bool): Remove container on exit when not persistent.
+        network (str): Docker network to use.
+        volumes (List[str]): Volume mappings (e.g., ["host_path:container_path"]).
+        env_vars (Dict[str, str]): Environment variables to set in container.
+        extra_args (List[str]): Additional docker run arguments.
+        host_port (int): Host port to map to container's 9223 port.
+        user_data_dir (str): Path to user data directory on host.
+        container_user_data_dir (str): Path to user data directory in container.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        mode: str = "connect",                     # "connect" or "launch" 
+        image: Optional[str] = None,               # Docker image to use
+        registry_file: Optional[str] = None,       # Path to registry file
+        persistent: bool = False,                  # Keep container running after browser closes
+        remove_on_exit: bool = True,               # Remove container on exit when not persistent
+        network: Optional[str] = None,             # Docker network to use
+        volumes: List[str] = None,                 # Volume mappings
+        cpu_limit: float = 1.0,                    # CPU limit for the container
+        memory_limit: str = "1.5g",                # Memory limit for the container
+        env_vars: Dict[str, str] = None,           # Environment variables
+        host_port: Optional[int] = None,           # Host port to map to container's 9223
+        user_data_dir: Optional[str] = None,       # Path to user data directory on host
+        container_user_data_dir: str = "/data",    # Path to user data directory in container
+        extra_args: List[str] = None,              # Additional docker run arguments
+    ):
+        """Initialize Docker configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            mode: Docker operation mode ("connect" or "launch")
+            image: Docker image to use
+            registry_file: Path to container registry file
+            persistent: Whether to keep container running after browser closes
+            remove_on_exit: Whether to remove container on exit when not persistent
+            network: Docker network to use
+            volumes: Volume mappings as list of strings
+            cpu_limit: CPU limit for the container
+            memory_limit: Memory limit for the container
+            env_vars: Environment variables as dictionary
+            extra_args: Additional docker run arguments
+            host_port: Host port to map to container's 9223
+            user_data_dir: Path to user data directory on host
+            container_user_data_dir: Path to user data directory in container
+        """
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.image = image  # If None, defaults will be used from DockerUtils
+        self.registry_file = registry_file
+        self.persistent = persistent
+        self.remove_on_exit = remove_on_exit
+        self.network = network
+        self.volumes = volumes or []
+        self.cpu_limit = cpu_limit
+        self.memory_limit = memory_limit
+        self.env_vars = env_vars or {}
+        self.extra_args = extra_args or []
+        self.host_port = host_port
+        self.user_data_dir = user_data_dir
+        self.container_user_data_dir = container_user_data_dir
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict:
+        """Convert this configuration to a dictionary.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary representation of this configuration
+        """
+        return {
+            "mode": self.mode,
+            "image": self.image,
+            "registry_file": self.registry_file,
+            "persistent": self.persistent,
+            "remove_on_exit": self.remove_on_exit,
+            "network": self.network,
+            "volumes": self.volumes,
+            "cpu_limit": self.cpu_limit,
+            "memory_limit": self.memory_limit,
+            "env_vars": self.env_vars,
+            "extra_args": self.extra_args,
+            "host_port": self.host_port,
+            "user_data_dir": self.user_data_dir,
+            "container_user_data_dir": self.container_user_data_dir
+        }
+        
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_kwargs(kwargs: Dict) -> "DockerConfig":
+        """Create a DockerConfig from a dictionary of keyword arguments.
+        
+        Args:
+            kwargs: Dictionary of configuration options
+            
+        Returns:
+            New DockerConfig instance
+        """
+        return DockerConfig(
+            mode=kwargs.get("mode", "connect"),
+            image=kwargs.get("image"),
+            registry_file=kwargs.get("registry_file"),
+            persistent=kwargs.get("persistent", False),
+            remove_on_exit=kwargs.get("remove_on_exit", True),
+            network=kwargs.get("network"),
+            volumes=kwargs.get("volumes"),
+            cpu_limit=kwargs.get("cpu_limit", 1.0),
+            memory_limit=kwargs.get("memory_limit", "1.5g"),
+            env_vars=kwargs.get("env_vars"),
+            extra_args=kwargs.get("extra_args"),
+            host_port=kwargs.get("host_port"),
+            user_data_dir=kwargs.get("user_data_dir"),
+            container_user_data_dir=kwargs.get("container_user_data_dir", "/data")
+        )
+        
+    def clone(self, **kwargs) -> "DockerConfig":
+        """Create a copy of this configuration with updated values.
+        
+        Args:
+            **kwargs: Key-value pairs of configuration options to update
+            
+        Returns:
+            DockerConfig: A new instance with the specified updates
+        """
+        config_dict = self.to_dict()
+        config_dict.update(kwargs)
+        return DockerConfig.from_kwargs(config_dict)

crawl4ai/browser/profiles.py

@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+"""Browser profile management module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides functionality for creating and managing browser profiles
+that can be used for authenticated browsing.
+"""
+
+import os
+import asyncio
+import signal
+import sys
+import datetime
+import uuid
+import shutil
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any
+from colorama import Fore, Style, init
+
+from ..async_configs import BrowserConfig
+from ..async_logger import AsyncLogger, AsyncLoggerBase
+from ..utils import get_home_folder
+
+class BrowserProfileManager:
+    """Manages browser profiles for Crawl4AI.
+    
+    This class provides functionality to create and manage browser profiles
+    that can be used for authenticated browsing with Crawl4AI.
+    
+    Profiles are stored by default in ~/.crawl4ai/profiles/
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, logger: Optional[AsyncLoggerBase] = None):
+        """Initialize the BrowserProfileManager.
+        
+        Args:
+            logger: Logger for outputting messages. If None, a default AsyncLogger is created.
+        """
+        # Initialize colorama for colorful terminal output
+        init()
+        
+        # Create a logger if not provided
+        if logger is None:
+            self.logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True)
+        elif not isinstance(logger, AsyncLoggerBase):
+            self.logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True)
+        else:
+            self.logger = logger
+            
+        # Ensure profiles directory exists
+        self.profiles_dir = os.path.join(get_home_folder(), "profiles")
+        os.makedirs(self.profiles_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    async def create_profile(self, 
+                          profile_name: Optional[str] = None, 
+                          browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Create a browser profile interactively.
+        
+        Args:
+            profile_name: Name for the profile. If None, a name is generated.
+            browser_config: Configuration for the browser. If None, a default configuration is used.
+                
+        Returns:
+            Path to the created profile directory, or None if creation failed
+        """
+        # Create default browser config if none provided
+        if browser_config is None:
+            browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+                browser_type="chromium",
+                headless=False,  # Must be visible for user interaction
+                verbose=True
+            )
+        else:
+            # Ensure headless is False for user interaction
+            browser_config.headless = False
+            
+        # Generate profile name if not provided
+        if not profile_name:
+            timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
+            profile_name = f"profile_{timestamp}_{uuid.uuid4().hex[:6]}"
+            
+        # Sanitize profile name (replace spaces and special chars)
+        profile_name = "".join(c if c.isalnum() or c in "-_" else "_" for c in profile_name)
+        
+        # Set user data directory
+        profile_path = os.path.join(self.profiles_dir, profile_name)
+        os.makedirs(profile_path, exist_ok=True)
+        
+        # Print instructions for the user with colorama formatting
+        border = f"{Fore.CYAN}{'='*80}{Style.RESET_ALL}"
+        self.logger.info(f"\n{border}", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info(f"Creating browser profile: {Fore.GREEN}{profile_name}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info(f"Profile directory: {Fore.YELLOW}{profile_path}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE")
+        
+        self.logger.info("\nInstructions:", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info("1. A browser window will open for you to set up your profile.", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info(f"2. {Fore.CYAN}Log in to websites{Style.RESET_ALL}, configure settings, etc. as needed.", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info(f"3. When you're done, {Fore.YELLOW}press 'q' in this terminal{Style.RESET_ALL} to close the browser.", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info("4. The profile will be saved and ready to use with Crawl4AI.", tag="PROFILE")
+        self.logger.info(f"{border}\n", tag="PROFILE")
+        
+        # Import the necessary classes with local imports to avoid circular references
+        from .strategies import CDPBrowserStrategy
+        
+        # Set browser config to use the profile path
+        browser_config.user_data_dir = profile_path
+        
+        # Create a CDP browser strategy for the profile creation
+        browser_strategy = CDPBrowserStrategy(browser_config, self.logger)
+        
+        # Set up signal handlers to ensure cleanup on interrupt
+        original_sigint = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGINT)
+        original_sigterm = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGTERM)
+        
+        # Define cleanup handler for signals
+        async def cleanup_handler(sig, frame):
+            self.logger.warning("\nCleaning up browser process...", tag="PROFILE")
+            await browser_strategy.close()
+            # Restore original signal handlers
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, original_sigint)
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, original_sigterm)
+            if sig == signal.SIGINT:
+                self.logger.error("Profile creation interrupted. Profile may be incomplete.", tag="PROFILE")
+                sys.exit(1)
+                
+        # Set signal handlers
+        def sigint_handler(sig, frame):
+            asyncio.create_task(cleanup_handler(sig, frame))
+        
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sigint_handler)
+        signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, sigint_handler)
+        
+        # Event to signal when user is done with the browser
+        user_done_event = asyncio.Event()
+        
+        # Run keyboard input loop in a separate task
+        async def listen_for_quit_command():
+            import termios
+            import tty
+            import select
+            
+            # First output the prompt
+            self.logger.info(f"{Fore.CYAN}Press '{Fore.WHITE}q{Fore.CYAN}' when you've finished using the browser...{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE")
+            
+            # Save original terminal settings
+            fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+            old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+            
+            try:
+                # Switch to non-canonical mode (no line buffering)
+                tty.setcbreak(fd)
+                
+                while True:
+                    # Check if input is available (non-blocking)
+                    readable, _, _ = select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0.5)
+                    if readable:
+                        key = sys.stdin.read(1)
+                        if key.lower() == 'q':
+                            self.logger.info(f"{Fore.GREEN}Closing browser and saving profile...{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE")
+                            user_done_event.set()
+                            return
+                    
+                    # Check if the browser process has already exited
+                    if browser_strategy.browser_process and browser_strategy.browser_process.poll() is not None:
+                        self.logger.info("Browser already closed. Ending input listener.", tag="PROFILE")
+                        user_done_event.set()
+                        return
+                        
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+            
+            finally:
+                # Restore terminal settings 
+                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
+        
+        try:
+            # Start the browser
+            await browser_strategy.start()
+            
+            # Check if browser started successfully
+            if not browser_strategy.browser_process:
+                self.logger.error("Failed to start browser process.", tag="PROFILE")
+                return None
+            
+            self.logger.info(f"Browser launched. {Fore.CYAN}Waiting for you to finish...{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE") 
+            
+            # Start listening for keyboard input
+            listener_task = asyncio.create_task(listen_for_quit_command())
+            
+            # Wait for either the user to press 'q' or for the browser process to exit naturally
+            while not user_done_event.is_set() and browser_strategy.browser_process.poll() is None:
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+            
+            # Cancel the listener task if it's still running
+            if not listener_task.done():
+                listener_task.cancel()
+                try:
+                    await listener_task
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    pass
+            
+            # If the browser is still running and the user pressed 'q', terminate it
+            if browser_strategy.browser_process.poll() is None and user_done_event.is_set():
+                self.logger.info("Terminating browser process...", tag="PROFILE")
+                await browser_strategy.close()
+            
+            self.logger.success(f"Browser closed. Profile saved at: {Fore.GREEN}{profile_path}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILE")
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"Error creating profile: {str(e)}", tag="PROFILE")
+            await browser_strategy.close()
+            return None
+        finally:
+            # Restore original signal handlers
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, original_sigint)
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, original_sigterm)
+            
+            # Make sure browser is fully cleaned up
+            await browser_strategy.close()
+        
+        # Return the profile path
+        return profile_path
+    
+    def list_profiles(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """List all available browser profiles.
+        
+        Returns:
+            List of dictionaries containing profile information
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(self.profiles_dir):
+            return []
+            
+        profiles = []
+        
+        for name in os.listdir(self.profiles_dir):
+            profile_path = os.path.join(self.profiles_dir, name)
+            
+            # Skip if not a directory
+            if not os.path.isdir(profile_path):
+                continue
+                
+            # Check if this looks like a valid browser profile
+            # For Chromium: Look for Preferences file
+            # For Firefox: Look for prefs.js file
+            is_valid = False
+            
+            if os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Preferences")) or \
+               os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Default", "Preferences")):
+                is_valid = "chromium"
+            elif os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "prefs.js")):
+                is_valid = "firefox"
+                
+            if is_valid:
+                # Get creation time
+                created = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                    os.path.getctime(profile_path)
+                )
+                
+                profiles.append({
+                    "name": name,
+                    "path": profile_path,
+                    "created": created,
+                    "type": is_valid
+                })
+                
+        # Sort by creation time, newest first
+        profiles.sort(key=lambda x: x["created"], reverse=True)
+        
+        return profiles
+    
+    def get_profile_path(self, profile_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get the full path to a profile by name.
+        
+        Args:
+            profile_name: Name of the profile (not the full path)
+            
+        Returns:
+            Full path to the profile directory, or None if not found
+        """
+        profile_path = os.path.join(self.profiles_dir, profile_name)
+        
+        # Check if path exists and is a valid profile
+        if not os.path.isdir(profile_path):
+            # Check if profile_name itself is full path
+            if os.path.isabs(profile_name):
+                profile_path = profile_name
+            else:
+                return None
+        
+        # Look for profile indicators
+        is_profile = (
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Preferences")) or
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Default", "Preferences")) or
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "prefs.js"))
+        )
+        
+        if not is_profile:
+            return None  # Not a valid browser profile
+            
+        return profile_path
+    
+    def delete_profile(self, profile_name_or_path: str) -> bool:
+        """Delete a browser profile by name or path.
+        
+        Args:
+            profile_name_or_path: Name of the profile or full path to profile directory
+            
+        Returns:
+            True if the profile was deleted successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        # Determine if input is a name or a path
+        if os.path.isabs(profile_name_or_path):
+            # Full path provided
+            profile_path = profile_name_or_path
+        else:
+            # Just a name provided, construct path
+            profile_path = os.path.join(self.profiles_dir, profile_name_or_path)
+        
+        # Check if path exists and is a valid profile
+        if not os.path.isdir(profile_path):
+            return False
+            
+        # Look for profile indicators
+        is_profile = (
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Preferences")) or
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "Default", "Preferences")) or
+            os.path.exists(os.path.join(profile_path, "prefs.js"))
+        )
+        
+        if not is_profile:
+            return False  # Not a valid browser profile
+            
+        # Delete the profile directory
+        try:
+            shutil.rmtree(profile_path)
+            return True
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+            
+    async def interactive_manager(self, crawl_callback=None):
+        """Launch an interactive profile management console.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawl_callback: Function to call when selecting option to use 
+                a profile for crawling. It will be called with (profile_path, url).
+        """
+        while True:
+            self.logger.info(f"\n{Fore.CYAN}Profile Management Options:{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+            self.logger.info(f"1. {Fore.GREEN}Create a new profile{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+            self.logger.info(f"2. {Fore.YELLOW}List available profiles{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+            self.logger.info(f"3. {Fore.RED}Delete a profile{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+            
+            # Only show crawl option if callback provided
+            if crawl_callback:
+                self.logger.info(f"4. {Fore.CYAN}Use a profile to crawl a website{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+                self.logger.info(f"5. {Fore.MAGENTA}Exit{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+                exit_option = "5"
+            else:
+                self.logger.info(f"4. {Fore.MAGENTA}Exit{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="MENU")
+                exit_option = "4"
+            
+            choice = input(f"\n{Fore.CYAN}Enter your choice (1-{exit_option}): {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+            
+            if choice == "1":
+                # Create new profile
+                name = input(f"{Fore.GREEN}Enter a name for the new profile (or press Enter for auto-generated name): {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+                await self.create_profile(name or None)
+                
+            elif choice == "2":
+                # List profiles
+                profiles = self.list_profiles()
+                
+                if not profiles:
+                    self.logger.warning("  No profiles found. Create one first with option 1.", tag="PROFILES")
+                    continue
+                
+                # Print profile information with colorama formatting
+                self.logger.info("\nAvailable profiles:", tag="PROFILES")
+                for i, profile in enumerate(profiles):
+                    self.logger.info(f"[{i+1}] {Fore.CYAN}{profile['name']}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    self.logger.info(f"    Path: {Fore.YELLOW}{profile['path']}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    self.logger.info(f"    Created: {profile['created'].strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    self.logger.info(f"    Browser type: {profile['type']}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    self.logger.info("", tag="PROFILES")  # Empty line for spacing
+                
+            elif choice == "3":
+                # Delete profile
+                profiles = self.list_profiles()
+                if not profiles:
+                    self.logger.warning("No profiles found to delete", tag="PROFILES")
+                    continue
+                    
+                # Display numbered list
+                self.logger.info(f"\n{Fore.YELLOW}Available profiles:{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                for i, profile in enumerate(profiles):
+                    self.logger.info(f"[{i+1}] {profile['name']}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    
+                # Get profile to delete
+                profile_idx = input(f"{Fore.RED}Enter the number of the profile to delete (or 'c' to cancel): {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+                if profile_idx.lower() == 'c':
+                    continue
+                    
+                try:
+                    idx = int(profile_idx) - 1
+                    if 0 <= idx < len(profiles):
+                        profile_name = profiles[idx]["name"]
+                        self.logger.info(f"Deleting profile: {Fore.YELLOW}{profile_name}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                        
+                        # Confirm deletion
+                        confirm = input(f"{Fore.RED}Are you sure you want to delete this profile? (y/n): {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+                        if confirm.lower() == 'y':
+                            success = self.delete_profile(profiles[idx]["path"])
+                            
+                            if success:
+                                self.logger.success(f"Profile {Fore.GREEN}{profile_name}{Style.RESET_ALL} deleted successfully", tag="PROFILES")
+                            else:
+                                self.logger.error(f"Failed to delete profile {Fore.RED}{profile_name}{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    else:
+                        self.logger.error("Invalid profile number", tag="PROFILES")
+                except ValueError:
+                    self.logger.error("Please enter a valid number", tag="PROFILES")
+                    
+            elif choice == "4" and crawl_callback:
+                # Use profile to crawl a site
+                profiles = self.list_profiles()
+                if not profiles:
+                    self.logger.warning("No profiles found. Create one first.", tag="PROFILES")
+                    continue
+                    
+                # Display numbered list
+                self.logger.info(f"\n{Fore.YELLOW}Available profiles:{Style.RESET_ALL}", tag="PROFILES")
+                for i, profile in enumerate(profiles):
+                    self.logger.info(f"[{i+1}] {profile['name']}", tag="PROFILES")
+                    
+                # Get profile to use
+                profile_idx = input(f"{Fore.CYAN}Enter the number of the profile to use (or 'c' to cancel): {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+                if profile_idx.lower() == 'c':
+                    continue
+                    
+                try:
+                    idx = int(profile_idx) - 1
+                    if 0 <= idx < len(profiles):
+                        profile_path = profiles[idx]["path"]
+                        url = input(f"{Fore.CYAN}Enter the URL to crawl: {Style.RESET_ALL}")
+                        if url:
+                            # Call the provided crawl callback
+                            await crawl_callback(profile_path, url)
+                        else:
+                            self.logger.error("No URL provided", tag="CRAWL")
+                    else:
+                        self.logger.error("Invalid profile number", tag="PROFILES")
+                except ValueError:
+                    self.logger.error("Please enter a valid number", tag="PROFILES")
+                    
+            elif (choice == "4" and not crawl_callback) or (choice == "5" and crawl_callback):
+                # Exit
+                self.logger.info("Exiting profile management", tag="MENU")
+                break
+                
+            else:
+                self.logger.error(f"Invalid choice. Please enter a number between 1 and {exit_option}.", tag="MENU")

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from .base import BaseBrowserStrategy
+from .cdp import CDPBrowserStrategy
+from .docker_strategy import DockerBrowserStrategy
+from .playwright import PlaywrightBrowserStrategy
+from .builtin import BuiltinBrowserStrategy
+
+__all__ = [
+    "BrowserStrategy",
+    "CDPBrowserStrategy",
+    "DockerBrowserStrategy",
+    "PlaywrightBrowserStrategy",
+    "BuiltinBrowserStrategy",
+]

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+"""Browser strategies module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module implements the browser strategy pattern for different
+browser implementations, including Playwright, CDP, and builtin browsers.
+"""
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import asyncio
+import json
+import hashlib
+import os
+import time
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, List
+
+from playwright.async_api import BrowserContext, Page
+
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from ...config import DOWNLOAD_PAGE_TIMEOUT
+from ...js_snippet import load_js_script
+from ..utils import get_playwright
+
+
+class BaseBrowserStrategy(ABC):
+    """Base class for all browser strategies.
+    
+    This abstract class defines the interface that all browser strategies
+    must implement. It handles common functionality like context caching,
+    browser configuration, and session management.
+    """
+    
+    _playwright_instance = None
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_playwright(cls):
+        """Get or create a shared Playwright instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Playwright: The shared Playwright instance
+        """
+        # For now I dont want Singleton pattern for Playwright
+        if cls._playwright_instance is None or True:
+            cls._playwright_instance = await get_playwright()
+        return cls._playwright_instance
+        
+    def __init__(self, config: BrowserConfig, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the strategy with configuration and logger.
+        
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+        """
+        self.config = config
+        self.logger = logger
+        self.browser = None
+        self.default_context = None
+        
+        # Context management
+        self.contexts_by_config = {}  # config_signature -> context
+
+        self._contexts_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        
+        # Session management
+        self.sessions = {}
+        self.session_ttl = 1800  # 30 minutes default
+        
+        # Playwright instance
+        self.playwright = None
+    
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start the browser.
+        
+        This method should be implemented by concrete strategies to initialize 
+        the browser in the appropriate way (direct launch, CDP connection, etc.)
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Base implementation gets the playwright instance
+        self.playwright = await self.get_playwright()
+        return self
+    
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def _generate_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        pass
+
+    async def get_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        """Get a page with specified configuration.
+        
+        This method should be implemented by concrete strategies to create
+        or retrieve a page according to their browser management approach.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Crawler run configuration
+            
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (Page, BrowserContext)
+        """
+        # Clean up expired sessions first
+        self._cleanup_expired_sessions()
+
+        # If a session_id is provided and we already have it, reuse that page + context
+        if crawlerRunConfig.session_id and crawlerRunConfig.session_id in self.sessions:
+            context, page, _ = self.sessions[crawlerRunConfig.session_id]
+            # Update last-used timestamp
+            self.sessions[crawlerRunConfig.session_id] = (context, page, time.time())
+            return page, context
+        
+        page, context = await self._generate_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+
+        import uuid
+        setattr(page, "guid", uuid.uuid4())
+
+        # If a session_id is specified, store this session so we can reuse later
+        if crawlerRunConfig.session_id:
+            self.sessions[crawlerRunConfig.session_id] = (context, page, time.time())
+            
+        return page, context        
+        pass
+    
+    async def get_pages(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig, count: int = 1) -> List[Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]]:
+        """Get multiple pages with the same configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration for the pages
+            count: Number of pages to create
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of (Page, Context) tuples
+        """
+        pages = []
+        for _ in range(count):
+            page, context = await self.get_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+            pages.append((page, context))
+        return pages
+       
+    async def get_opened_pages(self) -> List[Page]:
+        """Get all opened pages in the
+        browser.
+        """
+        return [page for context in self.contexts_by_config.values() for page in context.pages]
+
+    def _build_browser_args(self) -> dict:
+        """Build browser launch arguments from config.
+        
+        Returns:
+            dict: Browser launch arguments for Playwright
+        """
+        # Define common browser arguments that improve performance and stability
+        args = [
+            "--no-sandbox",
+            "--no-first-run",
+            "--no-default-browser-check",
+            "--window-position=0,0",
+            "--ignore-certificate-errors",
+            "--ignore-certificate-errors-spki-list",
+            "--window-position=400,0",
+            "--force-color-profile=srgb",
+            "--mute-audio",
+            "--disable-gpu",
+            "--disable-gpu-compositing",
+            "--disable-software-rasterizer",
+            "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
+            "--disable-infobars",
+            "--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled",
+            "--disable-renderer-backgrounding",
+            "--disable-ipc-flooding-protection",
+            "--disable-background-timer-throttling",
+            f"--window-size={self.config.viewport_width},{self.config.viewport_height}",
+        ]
+
+        # Define browser disable options for light mode
+        browser_disable_options = [
+            "--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows",
+            "--disable-breakpad",
+            "--disable-client-side-phishing-detection",
+            "--disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages",
+            "--disable-default-apps",
+            "--disable-extensions",
+            "--disable-features=TranslateUI",
+            "--disable-hang-monitor",
+            "--disable-popup-blocking",
+            "--disable-prompt-on-repost",
+            "--disable-sync",
+            "--metrics-recording-only",
+            "--password-store=basic",
+            "--use-mock-keychain",
+        ]
+
+        # Apply light mode settings if enabled
+        if self.config.light_mode:
+            args.extend(browser_disable_options)
+
+        # Apply text mode settings if enabled (disables images, JS, etc)
+        if self.config.text_mode:
+            args.extend([
+                "--blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false",
+                "--disable-remote-fonts",
+                "--disable-images",
+                "--disable-javascript",
+                "--disable-software-rasterizer",
+                "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
+            ])
+
+        # Add any extra arguments from the config
+        if self.config.extra_args:
+            args.extend(self.config.extra_args)
+
+        # Build the core browser args dictionary
+        browser_args = {"headless": self.config.headless, "args": args}
+
+        # Add chrome channel if specified
+        if self.config.chrome_channel:
+            browser_args["channel"] = self.config.chrome_channel
+
+        # Configure downloads
+        if self.config.accept_downloads:
+            browser_args["downloads_path"] = self.config.downloads_path or os.path.join(
+                os.getcwd(), "downloads"
+            )
+            os.makedirs(browser_args["downloads_path"], exist_ok=True)
+
+        # Check for user data directory
+        if self.config.user_data_dir:
+            # Ensure the directory exists
+            os.makedirs(self.config.user_data_dir, exist_ok=True)
+            browser_args["user_data_dir"] = self.config.user_data_dir
+        
+        # Configure proxy settings
+        if self.config.proxy or self.config.proxy_config:
+            from playwright.async_api import ProxySettings
+
+            proxy_settings = (
+                ProxySettings(server=self.config.proxy)
+                if self.config.proxy
+                else ProxySettings(
+                    server=self.config.proxy_config.server,
+                    username=self.config.proxy_config.username,
+                    password=self.config.proxy_config.password,
+                )
+            )
+            browser_args["proxy"] = proxy_settings
+
+        return browser_args
+    
+    def _make_config_signature(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> str:
+        """Create a signature hash from configuration for context caching.
+        
+        Converts the crawlerRunConfig into a dict, excludes ephemeral fields,
+        then returns a hash of the sorted JSON. This yields a stable signature
+        that identifies configurations requiring a unique browser context.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Crawler run configuration
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: Unique hash for this configuration
+        """
+        config_dict = crawlerRunConfig.__dict__.copy()
+        # Exclude items that do not affect browser-level setup
+        ephemeral_keys = [
+            "session_id",
+            "js_code",
+            "scraping_strategy",
+            "extraction_strategy",
+            "chunking_strategy",
+            "cache_mode",
+            "content_filter",
+            "semaphore_count",
+            "url"
+        ]
+        for key in ephemeral_keys:
+            if key in config_dict:
+                del config_dict[key]
+                
+        # Convert to canonical JSON string
+        signature_json = json.dumps(config_dict, sort_keys=True, default=str)
+
+        # Hash the JSON so we get a compact, unique string
+        signature_hash = hashlib.sha256(signature_json.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+        return signature_hash
+        
+    async def create_browser_context(self, crawlerRunConfig: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None) -> BrowserContext:
+        """Creates and returns a new browser context with configured settings.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration object for the crawler run
+            
+        Returns:
+            BrowserContext: Browser context object with the specified configurations
+        """
+        if not self.browser:
+            raise ValueError("Browser must be initialized before creating context")
+            
+        # Base settings
+        user_agent = self.config.headers.get("User-Agent", self.config.user_agent) 
+        viewport_settings = {
+            "width": self.config.viewport_width,
+            "height": self.config.viewport_height,
+        }
+        proxy_settings = {"server": self.config.proxy} if self.config.proxy else None
+        
+        # Define blocked extensions for resource optimization
+        blocked_extensions = [
+            # Images
+            "jpg", "jpeg", "png", "gif", "webp", "svg", "ico", "bmp", "tiff", "psd",
+            # Fonts
+            "woff", "woff2", "ttf", "otf", "eot",
+            # Media
+            "mp4", "webm", "ogg", "avi", "mov", "wmv", "flv", "m4v", "mp3", "wav", "aac",
+            "m4a", "opus", "flac",
+            # Documents
+            "pdf", "doc", "docx", "xls", "xlsx", "ppt", "pptx",
+            # Archives
+            "zip", "rar", "7z", "tar", "gz",
+            # Scripts and data
+            "xml", "swf", "wasm",
+        ]
+
+        # Common context settings
+        context_settings = {
+            "user_agent": user_agent,
+            "viewport": viewport_settings,
+            "proxy": proxy_settings,
+            "accept_downloads": self.config.accept_downloads,
+            "storage_state": self.config.storage_state,
+            "ignore_https_errors": self.config.ignore_https_errors,
+            "device_scale_factor": 1.0,
+            "java_script_enabled": self.config.java_script_enabled,
+        }
+        
+        # Apply text mode settings if enabled
+        if self.config.text_mode:
+            text_mode_settings = {
+                "has_touch": False,
+                "is_mobile": False,
+                "java_script_enabled": False,  # Disable javascript in text mode
+            }
+            # Update context settings with text mode settings
+            context_settings.update(text_mode_settings)
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug("Text mode enabled for browser context", tag="BROWSER")
+        
+        # Handle storage state properly - this is key for persistence
+        if self.config.storage_state:
+            if self.logger:
+                if isinstance(self.config.storage_state, str):
+                    self.logger.debug(f"Using storage state from file: {self.config.storage_state}", tag="BROWSER")
+                else:
+                    self.logger.debug("Using storage state from config object", tag="BROWSER")
+
+        if self.config.user_data_dir:
+            # For CDP-based browsers, storage persistence is typically handled by the user_data_dir
+            # at the browser level, but we'll create a storage_state location for Playwright as well
+            storage_path = os.path.join(self.config.user_data_dir, "storage_state.json")
+            if not os.path.exists(storage_path):
+                # Create parent directory if it doesn't exist
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(storage_path), exist_ok=True)
+                with open(storage_path, "w") as f:
+                    json.dump({}, f)
+            self.config.storage_state = storage_path
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Using user data directory: {self.config.user_data_dir}", tag="BROWSER")
+        
+        # Apply crawler-specific configurations if provided
+        if crawlerRunConfig:
+            # Check if there is value for crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config set add that to context
+            if crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config:
+                proxy_settings = {
+                    "server": crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config.server,
+                }
+                if crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config.username:
+                    proxy_settings.update({
+                        "username": crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config.username,
+                        "password": crawlerRunConfig.proxy_config.password,
+                    })
+                context_settings["proxy"] = proxy_settings
+                
+        # Create and return the context
+        try:
+            # Create the context with appropriate settings
+            context = await self.browser.new_context(**context_settings)
+            
+            # Apply text mode resource blocking if enabled
+            if self.config.text_mode:
+                # Create and apply route patterns for each extension
+                for ext in blocked_extensions:
+                    await context.route(f"**/*.{ext}", lambda route: route.abort())
+                    
+            return context
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Error creating browser context: {str(e)}", tag="BROWSER")
+            # Fallback to basic context creation if the advanced settings fail
+            return await self.browser.new_context()
+        
+    async def setup_context(self, context: BrowserContext, crawlerRunConfig: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None):
+        """Set up a browser context with the configured options.
+        
+        Args:
+            context: The browser context to set up
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration object containing all browser settings
+        """
+        # Set HTTP headers
+        if self.config.headers:
+            await context.set_extra_http_headers(self.config.headers)
+
+        # Add cookies
+        if self.config.cookies:
+            await context.add_cookies(self.config.cookies)
+
+        # Apply storage state if provided
+        if self.config.storage_state:
+            await context.storage_state(path=None)
+
+        # Configure downloads
+        if self.config.accept_downloads:
+            context.set_default_timeout(DOWNLOAD_PAGE_TIMEOUT)
+            context.set_default_navigation_timeout(DOWNLOAD_PAGE_TIMEOUT)
+            if self.config.downloads_path:
+                context._impl_obj._options["accept_downloads"] = True
+                context._impl_obj._options["downloads_path"] = self.config.downloads_path
+
+        # Handle user agent and browser hints
+        if self.config.user_agent:
+            combined_headers = {
+                "User-Agent": self.config.user_agent,
+                "sec-ch-ua": self.config.browser_hint,
+            }
+            combined_headers.update(self.config.headers)
+            await context.set_extra_http_headers(combined_headers)
+
+        # Add default cookie
+        target_url = (crawlerRunConfig and crawlerRunConfig.url) or "https://crawl4ai.com/"
+        await context.add_cookies(
+            [
+                {
+                    "name": "cookiesEnabled",
+                    "value": "true",
+                    "url": target_url,
+                }
+            ]
+        )
+
+        # Handle navigator overrides
+        if crawlerRunConfig:
+            if (
+                crawlerRunConfig.override_navigator
+                or crawlerRunConfig.simulate_user
+                or crawlerRunConfig.magic
+            ):
+                await context.add_init_script(load_js_script("navigator_overrider"))
+                
+    async def kill_session(self, session_id: str):
+        """Kill a browser session and clean up resources.
+
+        Args:
+            session_id (str): The session ID to kill.
+        """
+        if session_id not in self.sessions:
+            return
+            
+        context, page, _ = self.sessions[session_id]
+        
+        # Close the page
+        try:
+            await page.close()
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Error closing page for session {session_id}: {str(e)}", tag="BROWSER")
+        
+        # Remove session from tracking
+        del self.sessions[session_id]
+        
+        # Clean up any contexts that no longer have pages
+        await self._cleanup_unused_contexts()
+        
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug(f"Killed session: {session_id}", tag="BROWSER")
+
+    async def _cleanup_unused_contexts(self):
+        """Clean up contexts that no longer have any pages."""
+        async with self._contexts_lock:
+            # Get all contexts we're managing
+            contexts_to_check = list(self.contexts_by_config.values())
+            
+            for context in contexts_to_check:
+                # Check if the context has any pages left
+                if not context.pages:
+                    # No pages left, we can close this context
+                    config_signature = next((sig for sig, ctx in self.contexts_by_config.items() 
+                                           if ctx == context), None)
+                    if config_signature:
+                        try:
+                            await context.close()
+                            del self.contexts_by_config[config_signature]
+                            if self.logger:
+                                self.logger.debug(f"Closed unused context", tag="BROWSER")
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            if self.logger:
+                                self.logger.error(f"Error closing unused context: {str(e)}", tag="BROWSER")
+    
+    def _cleanup_expired_sessions(self):
+        """Clean up expired sessions based on TTL."""
+        current_time = time.time()
+        expired_sessions = [
+            sid
+            for sid, (_, _, last_used) in self.sessions.items()
+            if current_time - last_used > self.session_ttl
+        ]
+        
+        for sid in expired_sessions:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Session expired: {sid}", tag="BROWSER")
+            asyncio.create_task(self.kill_session(sid))
+
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the browser and clean up resources.
+        
+        This method handles common cleanup tasks like:
+        1. Persisting storage state if a user_data_dir is configured
+        2. Closing all sessions
+        3. Closing all browser contexts
+        4. Closing the browser
+        5. Stopping Playwright
+        
+        Child classes should override this method to add their specific cleanup logic,
+        but should call super().close() to ensure common cleanup tasks are performed.
+        """
+        # Set a flag to prevent race conditions during cleanup
+        self.shutting_down = True
+        
+        try:
+            # Add brief delay if configured
+            if self.config.sleep_on_close:
+                await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+                
+            # Persist storage state if using a user data directory
+            if self.config.user_data_dir and self.browser:
+                for context in self.browser.contexts:
+                    try:
+                        # Ensure the directory exists
+                        storage_dir = os.path.join(self.config.user_data_dir, "Default")
+                        os.makedirs(storage_dir, exist_ok=True)
+                        
+                        # Save storage state
+                        storage_path = os.path.join(storage_dir, "storage_state.json")
+                        await context.storage_state(path=storage_path)
+                        
+                        if self.logger:
+                            self.logger.debug("Storage state persisted before closing browser", tag="BROWSER")
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        if self.logger:
+                            self.logger.warning(
+                                message="Failed to ensure storage persistence: {error}",
+                                tag="BROWSER", 
+                                params={"error": str(e)}
+                            )
+            
+            # Close all active sessions
+            session_ids = list(self.sessions.keys())
+            for session_id in session_ids:
+                await self.kill_session(session_id)
+                
+            # Close all cached contexts
+            for ctx in self.contexts_by_config.values():
+                try:
+                    await ctx.close()
+                except Exception as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error(
+                            message="Error closing context: {error}",
+                            tag="BROWSER",
+                            params={"error": str(e)}
+                        )
+            self.contexts_by_config.clear()
+            
+            # Close the browser if it exists
+            if self.browser:
+                await self.browser.close()
+                self.browser = None
+                
+            # Stop playwright
+            if self.playwright:
+                await self.playwright.stop()
+                self.playwright = None
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    message="Error during browser cleanup: {error}",
+                    tag="BROWSER",
+                    params={"error": str(e)}
+                )
+        finally:
+            # Reset shutting down flag
+            self.shutting_down = False
+    
+    

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/builtin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+import asyncio
+import os
+import time
+import json
+import subprocess
+import shutil
+import signal
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, Tuple
+
+
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import CrawlerRunConfig
+from playwright.async_api import Page, BrowserContext
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import BrowserConfig
+from ...utils import get_home_folder
+from ..utils import get_browser_executable, is_windows, is_browser_running, find_process_by_port, terminate_process
+
+
+from .cdp import CDPBrowserStrategy
+from .base import BaseBrowserStrategy
+
+class BuiltinBrowserStrategy(CDPBrowserStrategy):
+    """Built-in browser strategy.
+    
+    This strategy extends the CDP strategy to use the built-in browser.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: BrowserConfig, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the built-in browser strategy.
+        
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+        """
+        super().__init__(config, logger)
+        self.builtin_browser_dir = os.path.join(get_home_folder(), "builtin-browser") if not self.config.user_data_dir else self.config.user_data_dir
+        self.builtin_config_file = os.path.join(self.builtin_browser_dir, "browser_config.json")
+
+        # Raise error if user data dir is already engaged
+        if self._check_user_dir_is_engaged(self.builtin_browser_dir):
+            raise Exception(f"User data directory {self.builtin_browser_dir} is already engaged by another browser instance.")
+
+        os.makedirs(self.builtin_browser_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    def _check_user_dir_is_engaged(self, user_data_dir: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if the user data directory is already in use.
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the directory is engaged, False otherwise
+        """
+        # Load browser config file, then iterate in port_map values, check "user_data_dir" key if it matches
+        # the current user data directory
+        if os.path.exists(self.builtin_config_file):
+            try:
+                with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'r') as f:
+                    browser_info_dict = json.load(f)
+                
+                # Check if user data dir is already engaged
+                for port_str, browser_info in browser_info_dict.get("port_map", {}).items():
+                    if browser_info.get("user_data_dir") == user_data_dir:
+                        return True
+            except Exception as e:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(f"Error reading built-in browser config: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+        return False
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start or connect to the built-in browser.
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Initialize Playwright instance via base class method
+        await BaseBrowserStrategy.start(self)
+        
+        try:
+            # Check for existing built-in browser (get_browser_info already checks if running)
+            browser_info = self.get_browser_info()
+            if browser_info:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info(f"Using existing built-in browser at {browser_info.get('cdp_url')}", tag="BROWSER")
+                self.config.cdp_url = browser_info.get('cdp_url')
+            else:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("Built-in browser not found, launching new instance...", tag="BROWSER")
+                cdp_url = await self.launch_builtin_browser(
+                    browser_type=self.config.browser_type,
+                    debugging_port=self.config.debugging_port,
+                    headless=self.config.headless,
+                )
+                if not cdp_url:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning("Failed to launch built-in browser, falling back to regular CDP strategy", tag="BROWSER")
+                    # Call CDP's start but skip BaseBrowserStrategy.start() since we already called it
+                    return await CDPBrowserStrategy.start(self)
+                self.config.cdp_url = cdp_url
+            
+            # Connect to the browser using CDP protocol
+            self.browser = await self.playwright.chromium.connect_over_cdp(self.config.cdp_url)
+            
+            # Get or create default context
+            contexts = self.browser.contexts
+            if contexts:
+                self.default_context = contexts[0]
+            else:
+                self.default_context = await self.create_browser_context()
+            
+            await self.setup_context(self.default_context)
+            
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Connected to built-in browser at {self.config.cdp_url}", tag="BUILTIN")
+                
+            return self
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Failed to start built-in browser: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            
+            # There is a possibility that at this point I need to clean up some resourece
+            raise
+
+    def _get_builtin_browser_info(cls, debugging_port: int, config_file: str, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get information about the built-in browser for a specific debugging port.
+        
+        Args:
+            debugging_port: The debugging port to look for
+            config_file: Path to the config file
+            logger: Optional logger for recording events
+            
+        Returns:
+            dict: Browser information or None if no running browser is configured for this port
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(config_file):
+            return None
+            
+        try:
+            with open(config_file, 'r') as f:
+                browser_info_dict = json.load(f)
+            
+            # Get browser info from port map
+            if isinstance(browser_info_dict, dict) and "port_map" in browser_info_dict:
+                port_str = str(debugging_port)
+                if port_str in browser_info_dict["port_map"]:
+                    browser_info = browser_info_dict["port_map"][port_str]
+                    
+                    # Check if the browser is still running
+                    pids = browser_info.get('pid', '')
+                    if isinstance(pids, str):
+                        pids = [int(pid) for pid in pids.split() if pid.isdigit()]
+                    elif isinstance(pids, int):
+                        pids = [pids]
+                    else:
+                        pids = []
+
+                    # Check if any of the PIDs are running
+                    if not pids:
+                        if logger:
+                            logger.warning(f"Built-in browser on port {debugging_port} has no valid PID", tag="BUILTIN")
+                        # Remove this port from the dictionary
+                        del browser_info_dict["port_map"][port_str]
+                        with open(config_file, 'w') as f:
+                            json.dump(browser_info_dict, f, indent=2)
+                        return None
+                    # Check if any of the PIDs are running
+                    for pid in pids:
+                        if is_browser_running(pid):
+                            browser_info['pid'] = pid
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        # If none of the PIDs are running, remove this port from the dictionary
+                        if logger:
+                            logger.warning(f"Built-in browser on port {debugging_port} is not running", tag="BUILTIN")
+                        # Remove this port from the dictionary
+                        del browser_info_dict["port_map"][port_str]
+                        with open(config_file, 'w') as f:
+                            json.dump(browser_info_dict, f, indent=2)
+                        return None
+                    
+                    return browser_info
+            
+            return None
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            if logger:
+                logger.error(f"Error reading built-in browser config: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return None
+            
+    def get_browser_info(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get information about the current built-in browser instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            dict: Browser information or None if no running browser is configured
+        """
+        return self._get_builtin_browser_info(
+            debugging_port=self.config.debugging_port,
+            config_file=self.builtin_config_file,
+            logger=self.logger
+        )
+    
+    async def launch_builtin_browser(self, 
+                               browser_type: str = "chromium",
+                               debugging_port: int = 9222,
+                               headless: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Launch a browser in the background for use as the built-in browser.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_type: Type of browser to launch ('chromium' or 'firefox')
+            debugging_port: Port to use for CDP debugging
+            headless: Whether to run in headless mode
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: CDP URL for the browser, or None if launch failed
+        """
+        # Check if there's an existing browser still running
+        browser_info = self._get_builtin_browser_info(
+            debugging_port=debugging_port,
+            config_file=self.builtin_config_file,
+            logger=self.logger
+        )
+        if browser_info:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.info(f"Built-in browser is already running on port {debugging_port}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return browser_info.get('cdp_url')
+        
+        # Create a user data directory for the built-in browser
+        user_data_dir = os.path.join(self.builtin_browser_dir, "user_data")
+     
+        # Raise error if user data dir is already engaged
+        if self._check_user_dir_is_engaged(user_data_dir):
+            raise Exception(f"User data directory {user_data_dir} is already engaged by another browser instance.")
+            
+        # Create the user data directory if it doesn't exist
+        os.makedirs(user_data_dir, exist_ok=True)
+        
+        # Prepare browser launch arguments
+        browser_args = super()._build_browser_args()
+        browser_path = await get_browser_executable(browser_type)
+        base_args = [browser_path]
+
+        if browser_type == "chromium":
+            args = [
+                browser_path,
+                f"--remote-debugging-port={debugging_port}",
+                f"--user-data-dir={user_data_dir}",
+            ]
+            # if headless:
+            #     args.append("--headless=new")
+
+        elif browser_type == "firefox":
+            args = [
+                browser_path,
+                "--remote-debugging-port",
+                str(debugging_port),
+                "--profile",
+                user_data_dir,
+            ]
+            if headless:
+                args.append("--headless")
+        else:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Browser type {browser_type} not supported for built-in browser", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return None
+        
+        args = base_args + browser_args + args
+        
+        try:
+
+            # Check if the port is already in use
+            PID = ""
+            cdp_url = f"http://localhost:{debugging_port}"
+            config_json = await self._check_port_in_use(cdp_url)
+            if config_json:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info(f"Port {debugging_port} is already in use.", tag="BUILTIN")
+                PID = find_process_by_port(debugging_port)
+            else:
+                # Start the browser process detached
+                process = None
+                if is_windows():
+                    process = subprocess.Popen(
+                        args, 
+                        stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                        creationflags=subprocess.DETACHED_PROCESS | subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
+                    )
+                else:
+                    process = subprocess.Popen(
+                        args, 
+                        stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                        preexec_fn=os.setpgrp  # Start in a new process group
+                    )
+                
+                # Wait briefly to ensure the process starts successfully
+                await asyncio.sleep(2.0)
+                
+                # Check if the process is still running
+                if process and process.poll() is not None:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error(f"Browser process exited immediately with code {process.returncode}", tag="BUILTIN")
+                    return None
+            
+                PID = process.pid
+                # Construct CDP URL
+                config_json = await self._check_port_in_use(cdp_url)
+
+            
+            # Create browser info
+            browser_info = {
+                'pid': PID,
+                'cdp_url': cdp_url,
+                'user_data_dir': user_data_dir,
+                'browser_type': browser_type,
+                'debugging_port': debugging_port,
+                'start_time': time.time(),
+                'config': config_json
+            }
+            
+            # Read existing config file if it exists
+            port_map = {}
+            if os.path.exists(self.builtin_config_file):
+                try:
+                    with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'r') as f:
+                        existing_data = json.load(f)
+                    
+                    # Check if it already uses port mapping
+                    if isinstance(existing_data, dict) and "port_map" in existing_data:
+                        port_map = existing_data["port_map"]
+
+                    # # Convert legacy format to port mapping
+                    # elif isinstance(existing_data, dict) and "debugging_port" in existing_data:
+                    #     old_port = str(existing_data.get("debugging_port"))
+                    #     if self._is_browser_running(existing_data.get("pid")):
+                    #         port_map[old_port] = existing_data
+                except Exception as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning(f"Could not read existing config: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            
+            # Add/update this browser in the port map
+            port_map[str(debugging_port)] = browser_info
+            
+            # Write updated config
+            with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'w') as f:
+                json.dump({"port_map": port_map}, f, indent=2)
+                
+            # Detach from the browser process - don't keep any references
+            # This is important to allow the Python script to exit while the browser continues running
+            process = None
+                
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.success(f"Built-in browser launched at CDP URL: {cdp_url}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return cdp_url
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Error launching built-in browser: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return None
+
+    async def _check_port_in_use(self, cdp_url: str) -> dict:
+        """Check if a port is already in use by a Chrome DevTools instance.
+        
+        Args:
+            cdp_url: The CDP URL to check
+            
+        Returns:
+            dict: Chrome DevTools protocol version information or None if not found
+        """
+        import aiohttp
+        json_url = f"{cdp_url}/json/version"
+        json_config = None
+        
+        try:
+            async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+                try:
+                    async with session.get(json_url, timeout=2.0) as response:
+                        if response.status == 200:
+                            json_config = await response.json()
+                            if self.logger:
+                                self.logger.debug(f"Found CDP server running at {cdp_url}", tag="BUILTIN")
+                            return json_config
+                except (aiohttp.ClientError, asyncio.TimeoutError):
+                    pass
+            return None
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Error checking CDP port: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return None
+
+    async def kill_builtin_browser(self) -> bool:
+        """Kill the built-in browser if it's running.
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the browser was killed, False otherwise
+        """
+        browser_info = self.get_browser_info()
+        if not browser_info:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning(f"No built-in browser found on port {self.config.debugging_port}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return False
+            
+        pid = browser_info.get('pid')
+        if not pid:
+            return False
+            
+        success, error_msg = terminate_process(pid, logger=self.logger)
+        if success:
+            # Update config file to remove this browser
+            with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'r') as f:
+                browser_info_dict = json.load(f)
+
+            # Remove this port from the dictionary
+            port_str = str(self.config.debugging_port)
+            if port_str in browser_info_dict.get("port_map", {}):
+                del browser_info_dict["port_map"][port_str]
+
+            with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'w') as f:
+                json.dump(browser_info_dict, f, indent=2)
+
+            # Remove user data directory if it exists
+            if os.path.exists(self.builtin_browser_dir):
+                shutil.rmtree(self.builtin_browser_dir)
+
+            # Clear the browser info cache
+            self.browser = None
+            self.temp_dir = None
+            self.shutting_down = True
+                
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.success("Built-in browser terminated", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return True
+        else:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Error killing built-in browser: {error_msg}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return False
+    
+    async def get_builtin_browser_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get status information about the built-in browser.
+        
+        Returns:
+            dict: Status information with running, cdp_url, and info fields
+        """
+        browser_info = self.get_browser_info()
+        
+        if not browser_info:
+            return {
+                'running': False,
+                'cdp_url': None,
+                'info': None,
+                'port': self.config.debugging_port
+            }
+            
+        return {
+            'running': True,
+            'cdp_url': browser_info.get('cdp_url'),
+            'info': browser_info,
+            'port': self.config.debugging_port
+        }
+
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the built-in browser and clean up resources."""
+        # Call parent class close method
+        await super().close()
+        
+        # Clean up built-in browser if we created it and were in shutdown mode
+        if self.shutting_down:
+            await self.kill_builtin_browser()
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug("Killed built-in browser during shutdown", tag="BUILTIN")

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/cdp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+"""Browser strategies module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module implements the browser strategy pattern for different
+browser implementations, including Playwright, CDP, and builtin browsers.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import time
+import json
+import subprocess
+import shutil
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, List
+
+from playwright.async_api import BrowserContext, Page
+
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from ..utils import get_playwright, get_browser_executable, create_temp_directory, is_windows, check_process_is_running, terminate_process
+
+from .base import BaseBrowserStrategy
+
+class CDPBrowserStrategy(BaseBrowserStrategy):
+    """CDP-based browser strategy.
+    
+    This strategy connects to an existing browser using CDP protocol or
+    launches and connects to a browser using CDP.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: BrowserConfig, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the CDP browser strategy.
+        
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+        """
+        super().__init__(config, logger)
+        self.sessions = {}
+        self.session_ttl = 1800  # 30 minutes
+        self.browser_process = None
+        self.temp_dir = None
+        self.shutting_down = False
+        
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start or connect to the browser using CDP.
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Call the base class start to initialize Playwright
+        await super().start()
+        
+        try:
+            # Get or create CDP URL
+            cdp_url = await self._get_or_create_cdp_url()
+            
+            # Connect to the browser using CDP
+            self.browser = await self.playwright.chromium.connect_over_cdp(cdp_url)
+            
+            # Get or create default context
+            contexts = self.browser.contexts
+            if contexts:
+                self.default_context = contexts[0]
+            else:
+                self.default_context = await self.create_browser_context()
+            
+            await self.setup_context(self.default_context)
+            
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Connected to CDP browser at {cdp_url}", tag="CDP")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Failed to connect to CDP browser: {str(e)}", tag="CDP")
+
+            # Clean up any resources before re-raising
+            await self._cleanup_process()
+            raise
+            
+        return self
+    
+    async def _get_or_create_cdp_url(self) -> str:
+        """Get existing CDP URL or launch a browser and return its CDP URL.
+        
+        Returns:
+            str: CDP URL for connecting to the browser
+        """
+        # If CDP URL is provided, just return it
+        if self.config.cdp_url:
+            return self.config.cdp_url
+
+        # Create temp dir if needed
+        if not self.config.user_data_dir:
+            self.temp_dir = create_temp_directory()
+            user_data_dir = self.temp_dir
+        else:
+            user_data_dir = self.config.user_data_dir
+
+        # Get browser args based on OS and browser type
+        # args = await self._get_browser_args(user_data_dir)
+        browser_args = super()._build_browser_args()
+        browser_path = await get_browser_executable(self.config.browser_type)
+        base_args = [browser_path]
+
+        if self.config.browser_type == "chromium":
+            args = [
+                f"--remote-debugging-port={self.config.debugging_port}",
+                f"--user-data-dir={user_data_dir}",
+            ]
+            # if self.config.headless:
+            #     args.append("--headless=new")
+
+        elif self.config.browser_type == "firefox":
+            args = [
+                "--remote-debugging-port",
+                str(self.config.debugging_port),
+                "--profile",
+                user_data_dir,
+            ]
+            if self.config.headless:
+                args.append("--headless")
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Browser type {self.config.browser_type} not supported")
+
+        args = base_args + browser_args['args'] + args         
+
+        # Start browser process
+        try:
+            # Use DETACHED_PROCESS flag on Windows to fully detach the process
+            # On Unix, we'll use preexec_fn=os.setpgrp to start the process in a new process group
+            if is_windows():
+                self.browser_process = subprocess.Popen(
+                    args, 
+                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                    creationflags=subprocess.DETACHED_PROCESS | subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
+                )
+            else:
+                self.browser_process = subprocess.Popen(
+                    args, 
+                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                    preexec_fn=os.setpgrp  # Start in a new process group
+                )
+                
+            # Monitor for a short time to make sure it starts properly
+            is_running, return_code, stdout, stderr = await check_process_is_running(self.browser_process, delay=2)
+            if not is_running:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        message="Browser process terminated unexpectedly | Code: {code} | STDOUT: {stdout} | STDERR: {stderr}",
+                        tag="ERROR",
+                        params={
+                            "code": return_code,
+                            "stdout": stdout.decode() if stdout else "",
+                            "stderr": stderr.decode() if stderr else "",
+                        },
+                    )
+                await self._cleanup_process()
+                raise Exception("Browser process terminated unexpectedly")
+
+            return f"http://localhost:{self.config.debugging_port}"
+        except Exception as e:
+            await self._cleanup_process()
+            raise Exception(f"Failed to start browser: {e}")    
+
+    async def _cleanup_process(self):
+        """Cleanup browser process and temporary directory."""
+        # Set shutting_down flag BEFORE any termination actions
+        self.shutting_down = True
+
+        if self.browser_process:
+            try:
+                # Only attempt termination if the process is still running
+                if self.browser_process.poll() is None:
+                    # Use our robust cross-platform termination utility
+                    success = terminate_process(
+                        pid=self.browser_process.pid,
+                        timeout=1.0,  # Equivalent to the previous 10*0.1s wait
+                        logger=self.logger
+                    )
+                    
+                    if not success and self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning(
+                            message="Failed to terminate browser process cleanly",
+                            tag="PROCESS"
+                        )
+                        
+            except Exception as e:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        message="Error during browser process cleanup: {error}",
+                        tag="ERROR",
+                        params={"error": str(e)},
+                    )
+
+        if self.temp_dir and os.path.exists(self.temp_dir):
+            try:
+                shutil.rmtree(self.temp_dir)
+                self.temp_dir = None
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.debug("Removed temporary directory", tag="CDP")
+            except Exception as e:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error(
+                        message="Error removing temporary directory: {error}",
+                        tag="CDP",
+                        params={"error": str(e)}
+                    )
+
+        self.browser_process = None
+    
+    async def _generate_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        # For CDP, we typically use the shared default_context
+        context = self.default_context
+        pages = context.pages
+        
+        # Otherwise, check if we have an existing context for this config
+        config_signature = self._make_config_signature(crawlerRunConfig)
+        self.contexts_by_config[config_signature] = context
+
+        await self.setup_context(context, crawlerRunConfig)
+
+        # Check if there's already a page with the target URL
+        page = next((p for p in pages if p.url == crawlerRunConfig.url), None)
+        
+        # If not found, create a new page
+        if not page:
+            page = await context.new_page()
+        
+        return page, context
+
+    async def _get_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        """Get a page for the given configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration object for the crawler run
+            
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (Page, BrowserContext)
+        """
+        # Call parent method to ensure browser is started
+        await super().get_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+        
+        # For CDP, we typically use the shared default_context
+        context = self.default_context
+        pages = context.pages
+        
+        # Otherwise, check if we have an existing context for this config
+        config_signature = self._make_config_signature(crawlerRunConfig)
+        self.contexts_by_config[config_signature] = context
+
+        await self.setup_context(context, crawlerRunConfig)
+
+        # Check if there's already a page with the target URL
+        page = next((p for p in pages if p.url == crawlerRunConfig.url), None)
+        
+        # If not found, create a new page
+        if not page:
+            page = await context.new_page()
+        
+        # If a session_id is specified, store this session for reuse
+        if crawlerRunConfig.session_id:
+            self.sessions[crawlerRunConfig.session_id] = (context, page, time.time())
+        
+        return page, context
+
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the CDP browser and clean up resources."""
+        # Skip cleanup if using external CDP URL and not launched by us
+        if self.config.cdp_url and not self.browser_process:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug("Skipping cleanup for external CDP browser", tag="CDP")
+            return
+        
+        # Call parent implementation for common cleanup
+        await super().close()
+        
+        # Additional CDP-specific cleanup
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+        await self._cleanup_process()

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/docker_strategy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+"""Docker browser strategy module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides browser strategies for running browsers in Docker containers,
+which offers better isolation, consistency across platforms, and easy scaling.
+"""
+
+import os
+import uuid
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import BrowserConfig
+from ..models import DockerConfig
+from ..docker_registry import DockerRegistry
+from ..docker_utils import DockerUtils
+from .builtin import CDPBrowserStrategy
+from .base import BaseBrowserStrategy
+
+class DockerBrowserStrategy(CDPBrowserStrategy):
+    """Docker-based browser strategy.
+
+    Extends the CDPBrowserStrategy to run browsers in Docker containers.
+    Supports two modes:
+    1. "connect" - Uses a Docker image with Chrome already running
+    2. "launch" - Starts Chrome within the container with custom settings
+
+    Attributes:
+        docker_config: Docker-specific configuration options
+        container_id: ID of current Docker container
+        container_name: Name assigned to the container
+        registry: Registry for tracking and reusing containers
+        docker_utils: Utilities for Docker operations
+        chrome_process_id: Process ID of Chrome within container
+        socat_process_id: Process ID of socat within container
+        internal_cdp_port: Chrome's internal CDP port
+        internal_mapped_port: Port that socat maps to internally
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config: BrowserConfig, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the Docker browser strategy.
+
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration including Docker-specific settings
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+        """
+        super().__init__(config, logger)
+
+        # Initialize Docker-specific attributes
+        self.docker_config = self.config.docker_config or DockerConfig()
+        self.container_id = None
+        self.container_name = f"crawl4ai-browser-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+
+        # Use the shared registry file path for consistency with BuiltinBrowserStrategy
+        registry_file = self.docker_config.registry_file
+        if registry_file is None and self.config.user_data_dir:
+            # Use the same registry file as BuiltinBrowserStrategy if possible
+            registry_file = os.path.join(
+                os.path.dirname(self.config.user_data_dir), "browser_config.json"
+            )
+
+        self.registry = DockerRegistry(self.docker_config.registry_file)
+        self.docker_utils = DockerUtils(logger)
+        self.chrome_process_id = None
+        self.socat_process_id = None
+        self.internal_cdp_port = 9222  # Chrome's internal CDP port
+        self.internal_mapped_port = 9223  # Port that socat maps to internally
+        self.shutting_down = False
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start or connect to a browser running in a Docker container.
+
+        This method initializes Playwright and establishes a connection to
+        a browser running in a Docker container. Depending on the configured mode:
+        - "connect": Connects to a container with Chrome already running
+        - "launch": Creates a container and launches Chrome within it
+
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Initialize Playwright
+        await BaseBrowserStrategy.start(self)
+
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info(
+                f"Starting Docker browser strategy in {self.docker_config.mode} mode",
+                tag="DOCKER",
+            )
+
+        try:
+            # Get CDP URL by creating or reusing a Docker container
+            # This handles the container management and browser startup
+            cdp_url = await self._get_or_create_cdp_url()
+
+            if not cdp_url:
+                raise Exception(
+                    "Failed to establish CDP connection to Docker container"
+                )
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.info(
+                    f"Connecting to browser in Docker via CDP: {cdp_url}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+
+            # Connect to the browser using CDP
+            self.browser = await self.playwright.chromium.connect_over_cdp(cdp_url)
+
+            # Get existing context or create default context
+            contexts = self.browser.contexts
+            if contexts:
+                self.default_context = contexts[0]
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.debug("Using existing browser context", tag="DOCKER")
+            else:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.debug("Creating new browser context", tag="DOCKER")
+                self.default_context = await self.create_browser_context()
+                await self.setup_context(self.default_context)
+
+            return self
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Clean up resources if startup fails
+            if self.container_id and not self.docker_config.persistent:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.warning(
+                        f"Cleaning up container after failed start: {self.container_id[:12]}",
+                        tag="DOCKER",
+                    )
+                await self.docker_utils.remove_container(self.container_id)
+                self.registry.unregister_container(self.container_id)
+                self.container_id = None
+
+            if self.playwright:
+                await self.playwright.stop()
+                self.playwright = None
+
+            # Re-raise the exception
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(
+                    f"Failed to start Docker browser: {str(e)}", tag="DOCKER"
+                )
+            raise
+
+    async def _generate_config_hash(self) -> str:
+        """Generate a hash of the configuration for container matching.
+
+        Returns:
+            Hash string uniquely identifying this configuration
+        """
+        # Create a dict with the relevant parts of the config
+        config_dict = {
+            "image": self.docker_config.image,
+            "mode": self.docker_config.mode,
+            "browser_type": self.config.browser_type,
+            "headless": self.config.headless,
+        }
+
+        # Add browser-specific config if in launch mode
+        if self.docker_config.mode == "launch":
+            config_dict.update(
+                {
+                    "text_mode": self.config.text_mode,
+                    "light_mode": self.config.light_mode,
+                    "viewport_width": self.config.viewport_width,
+                    "viewport_height": self.config.viewport_height,
+                }
+            )
+
+        # Use the utility method to generate the hash
+        return self.docker_utils.generate_config_hash(config_dict)
+
+    async def _get_or_create_cdp_url(self) -> str:
+        """Get CDP URL by either creating a new container or using an existing one.
+
+        Returns:
+            CDP URL for connecting to the browser
+
+        Raises:
+            Exception: If container creation or browser launch fails
+        """
+        # If CDP URL is explicitly provided, use it
+        if self.config.cdp_url:
+            return self.config.cdp_url
+
+        # Ensure Docker image exists (will build if needed)
+        image_name = await self.docker_utils.ensure_docker_image_exists(
+            self.docker_config.image, self.docker_config.mode
+        )
+
+        # Generate config hash for container matching
+        config_hash = await self._generate_config_hash()
+
+        # Look for existing container with matching config
+        container_id = await self.registry.find_container_by_config(
+            config_hash, self.docker_utils
+        )
+
+        if container_id:
+            # Use existing container
+            self.container_id = container_id
+            host_port = self.registry.get_container_host_port(container_id)
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.info(
+                    f"Using existing Docker container: {container_id[:12]}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                )
+        else:
+            # Get a port for the new container
+            host_port = (
+                self.docker_config.host_port
+                or self.registry.get_next_available_port(self.docker_utils)
+            )
+
+            # Prepare volumes list
+            volumes = list(self.docker_config.volumes)
+
+            # Add user data directory if specified
+            if self.docker_config.user_data_dir:
+                # Ensure user data directory exists
+                os.makedirs(self.docker_config.user_data_dir, exist_ok=True)
+                volumes.append(
+                    f"{self.docker_config.user_data_dir}:{self.docker_config.container_user_data_dir}"
+                )
+
+                # # Update config user_data_dir to point to container path
+                # self.config.user_data_dir = self.docker_config.container_user_data_dir
+
+            # Create a new container
+            container_id = await self.docker_utils.create_container(
+                image_name=image_name,
+                host_port=host_port,
+                container_name=self.container_name,
+                volumes=volumes,
+                network=self.docker_config.network,
+                env_vars=self.docker_config.env_vars,
+                cpu_limit=self.docker_config.cpu_limit,
+                memory_limit=self.docker_config.memory_limit,
+                extra_args=self.docker_config.extra_args,
+            )
+
+            if not container_id:
+                raise Exception("Failed to create Docker container")
+
+            self.container_id = container_id
+
+            # Wait for container to be ready
+            await self.docker_utils.wait_for_container_ready(container_id)
+
+            # Handle specific setup based on mode
+            if self.docker_config.mode == "launch":
+                # In launch mode, we need to start socat and Chrome
+                await self.docker_utils.start_socat_in_container(container_id)
+
+                # Build browser arguments
+                browser_args = self._build_browser_args()
+
+                # Launch Chrome
+                await self.docker_utils.launch_chrome_in_container(
+                    container_id, browser_args
+                )
+
+                # Get PIDs for later cleanup
+                self.chrome_process_id = (
+                    await self.docker_utils.get_process_id_in_container(
+                        container_id, "chromium"
+                    )
+                )
+                self.socat_process_id = (
+                    await self.docker_utils.get_process_id_in_container(
+                        container_id, "socat"
+                    )
+                )
+
+            # Wait for CDP to be ready
+            cdp_json_config = await self.docker_utils.wait_for_cdp_ready(host_port)
+
+            if cdp_json_config:
+                # Register the container in the shared registry
+                self.registry.register_container(
+                    container_id, host_port, config_hash, cdp_json_config
+                )
+            else:
+                raise Exception("Failed to get CDP JSON config from Docker container")
+
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.success(
+                    f"Docker container ready: {container_id[:12]} on port {host_port}",
+                    tag="DOCKER",
+                )
+
+        # Return CDP URL
+        return f"http://localhost:{host_port}"
+
+    def _build_browser_args(self) -> List[str]:
+        """Build Chrome command line arguments based on BrowserConfig.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of command line arguments for Chrome
+        """
+        # Call parent method to get common arguments
+        browser_args = super()._build_browser_args()
+        return browser_args["args"] + [
+            f"--remote-debugging-port={self.internal_cdp_port}",
+            "--remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0",  # Allow external connections
+            "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
+            "--headless=new",
+        ]
+
+        # args = [
+        #     "--no-sandbox",
+        #     "--disable-gpu",
+        #     f"--remote-debugging-port={self.internal_cdp_port}",
+        #     "--remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0",  # Allow external connections
+        #     "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
+        # ]
+
+        # if self.config.headless:
+        #     args.append("--headless=new")
+
+        # if self.config.viewport_width and self.config.viewport_height:
+        #     args.append(f"--window-size={self.config.viewport_width},{self.config.viewport_height}")
+
+        # if self.config.user_agent:
+        #     args.append(f"--user-agent={self.config.user_agent}")
+
+        # if self.config.text_mode:
+        #     args.extend([
+        #         "--blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false",
+        #         "--disable-remote-fonts",
+        #         "--disable-images",
+        #         "--disable-javascript",
+        #     ])
+
+        # if self.config.light_mode:
+        #     # Import here to avoid circular import
+        #     from ..utils import get_browser_disable_options
+        #     args.extend(get_browser_disable_options())
+
+        # if self.config.user_data_dir:
+        #     args.append(f"--user-data-dir={self.config.user_data_dir}")
+
+        # if self.config.extra_args:
+        #     args.extend(self.config.extra_args)
+
+        # return args
+
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the browser and clean up Docker container if needed."""
+        # Set flag to track if we were the ones initiating shutdown
+        initiated_shutdown = not self.shutting_down
+        # Storage persistence for Docker needs special handling
+        # We need to store state before calling super().close() which will close the browser
+        if (
+            self.browser
+            and self.docker_config.user_data_dir
+            and self.docker_config.persistent
+        ):
+            for context in self.browser.contexts:
+                try:
+                    # Ensure directory exists
+                    os.makedirs(self.docker_config.user_data_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+                    # Save storage state to user data directory
+                    storage_path = os.path.join(
+                        self.docker_config.user_data_dir, "storage_state.json"
+                    )
+                    await context.storage_state(path=storage_path)
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            "Persisted Docker-specific storage state", tag="DOCKER"
+                        )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning(
+                            message="Failed to persist Docker storage state: {error}",
+                            tag="DOCKER",
+                            params={"error": str(e)},
+                        )
+
+        # Call parent method to handle common cleanup
+        await super().close()
+
+        # Only perform container cleanup if we initiated shutdown
+        # and we need to handle Docker-specific resources
+        if initiated_shutdown:
+            # Only clean up container if not persistent
+            if self.container_id and not self.docker_config.persistent:
+                # Stop Chrome process in "launch" mode
+                if self.docker_config.mode == "launch" and self.chrome_process_id:
+                    await self.docker_utils.stop_process_in_container(
+                        self.container_id, self.chrome_process_id
+                    )
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            f"Stopped Chrome process {self.chrome_process_id} in container",
+                            tag="DOCKER",
+                        )
+
+                # Stop socat process in "launch" mode
+                if self.docker_config.mode == "launch" and self.socat_process_id:
+                    await self.docker_utils.stop_process_in_container(
+                        self.container_id, self.socat_process_id
+                    )
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            f"Stopped socat process {self.socat_process_id} in container",
+                            tag="DOCKER",
+                        )
+
+                # Remove or stop container based on configuration
+                if self.docker_config.remove_on_exit:
+                    await self.docker_utils.remove_container(self.container_id)
+                    # Unregister from registry
+                    if hasattr(self, "registry") and self.registry:
+                        self.registry.unregister_container(self.container_id)
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            f"Removed Docker container {self.container_id}",
+                            tag="DOCKER",
+                        )
+                else:
+                    await self.docker_utils.stop_container(self.container_id)
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug(
+                            f"Stopped Docker container {self.container_id}",
+                            tag="DOCKER",
+                        )
+
+                self.container_id = None

crawl4ai/browser/strategies/playwright.py

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+"""Browser strategies module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module implements the browser strategy pattern for different
+browser implementations, including Playwright, CDP, and builtin browsers.
+"""
+
+import time
+from typing import Optional, Tuple
+
+from playwright.async_api import BrowserContext, Page
+
+from ...async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from ...async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+
+from playwright_stealth import StealthConfig
+
+from .base import BaseBrowserStrategy
+
+stealth_config = StealthConfig(
+    webdriver=True,
+    chrome_app=True,
+    chrome_csi=True,
+    chrome_load_times=True,
+    chrome_runtime=True,
+    navigator_languages=True,
+    navigator_plugins=True,
+    navigator_permissions=True,
+    webgl_vendor=True,
+    outerdimensions=True,
+    navigator_hardware_concurrency=True,
+    media_codecs=True,
+)
+
+class PlaywrightBrowserStrategy(BaseBrowserStrategy):
+    """Standard Playwright browser strategy.
+    
+    This strategy launches a new browser instance using Playwright
+    and manages browser contexts.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: BrowserConfig, logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None):
+        """Initialize the Playwright browser strategy.
+        
+        Args:
+            config: Browser configuration
+            logger: Logger for recording events and errors
+        """
+        super().__init__(config, logger)
+        # No need to re-initialize sessions and session_ttl as they're now in the base class
+    
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start the browser instance.
+        
+        Returns:
+            self: For method chaining
+        """
+        # Call the base class start to initialize Playwright
+        await super().start()
+        
+        # Build browser arguments using the base class method
+        browser_args = self._build_browser_args()
+        
+        try:
+            # Launch appropriate browser type
+            if self.config.browser_type == "firefox":
+                self.browser = await self.playwright.firefox.launch(**browser_args)
+            elif self.config.browser_type == "webkit":
+                self.browser = await self.playwright.webkit.launch(**browser_args)
+            else:
+                self.browser = await self.playwright.chromium.launch(**browser_args)
+                
+            self.default_context = self.browser
+            
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Launched {self.config.browser_type} browser", tag="BROWSER")
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.error(f"Failed to launch browser: {str(e)}", tag="BROWSER")
+            raise
+            
+        return self
+
+    async def _generate_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        # Otherwise, check if we have an existing context for this config
+        config_signature = self._make_config_signature(crawlerRunConfig)
+        
+        async with self._contexts_lock:
+            if config_signature in self.contexts_by_config:
+                context = self.contexts_by_config[config_signature]
+            else:
+                # Create and setup a new context
+                context = await self.create_browser_context(crawlerRunConfig)
+                await self.setup_context(context, crawlerRunConfig)
+                self.contexts_by_config[config_signature] = context
+
+        # Create a new page from the chosen context
+        page = await context.new_page()
+        
+        return page, context
+
+    async def _get_page(self, crawlerRunConfig: CrawlerRunConfig) -> Tuple[Page, BrowserContext]:
+        """Get a page for the given configuration.
+        
+        Args:
+            crawlerRunConfig: Configuration object for the crawler run
+            
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (Page, BrowserContext)
+        """
+        # Call parent method to ensure browser is started
+        await super().get_page(crawlerRunConfig)
+        
+        # Otherwise, check if we have an existing context for this config
+        config_signature = self._make_config_signature(crawlerRunConfig)
+        
+        async with self._contexts_lock:
+            if config_signature in self.contexts_by_config:
+                context = self.contexts_by_config[config_signature]
+            else:
+                # Create and setup a new context
+                context = await self.create_browser_context(crawlerRunConfig)
+                await self.setup_context(context, crawlerRunConfig)
+                self.contexts_by_config[config_signature] = context
+
+        # Create a new page from the chosen context
+        page = await context.new_page()
+        
+        # If a session_id is specified, store this session so we can reuse later
+        if crawlerRunConfig.session_id:
+            self.sessions[crawlerRunConfig.session_id] = (context, page, time.time())
+            
+        return page, context
+        

crawl4ai/browser/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+"""Browser utilities module for Crawl4AI.
+
+This module provides utility functions for browser management,
+including process management, CDP connection utilities,
+and Playwright instance management.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import tempfile
+import subprocess
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
+import signal
+import psutil
+
+from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
+
+from ..utils import get_chromium_path
+from ..async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+
+from ..async_logger import AsyncLogger
+
+
+_playwright_instance = None
+
+async def get_playwright():
+    """Get or create the Playwright instance (singleton pattern).
+    
+    Returns:
+        Playwright: The Playwright instance
+    """
+    global _playwright_instance
+    if _playwright_instance is None or True:
+        _playwright_instance = await async_playwright().start()
+    return _playwright_instance
+
+async def get_browser_executable(browser_type: str) -> str:
+    """Get the path to browser executable, with platform-specific handling.
+    
+    Args:
+        browser_type: Type of browser (chromium, firefox, webkit)
+        
+    Returns:
+        Path to browser executable
+    """
+    return await get_chromium_path(browser_type)
+
+def create_temp_directory(prefix="browser-profile-") -> str:
+    """Create a temporary directory for browser data.
+    
+    Args:
+        prefix: Prefix for the temporary directory name
+        
+    Returns:
+        Path to the created temporary directory
+    """
+    return tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=prefix)
+
+def is_windows() -> bool:
+    """Check if the current platform is Windows.
+    
+    Returns:
+        True if Windows, False otherwise
+    """
+    return sys.platform == "win32"
+
+def is_macos() -> bool:
+    """Check if the current platform is macOS.
+    
+    Returns:
+        True if macOS, False otherwise
+    """
+    return sys.platform == "darwin"
+
+def is_linux() -> bool:
+    """Check if the current platform is Linux.
+    
+    Returns:
+        True if Linux, False otherwise
+    """
+    return not (is_windows() or is_macos())
+    
+def is_browser_running(pid: Optional[int]) -> bool:
+    """Check if a process with the given PID is running.
+    
+    Args:
+        pid: Process ID to check
+        
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if the process is running, False otherwise
+    """
+    if not pid:
+        return False
+        
+    try:
+        if type(pid) is str:
+            pid = int(pid)
+        # Check if the process exists
+        if is_windows():
+            process = subprocess.run(["tasklist", "/FI", f"PID eq {pid}"], 
+                                     capture_output=True, text=True)
+            return str(pid) in process.stdout
+        else:
+            # Unix-like systems
+            os.kill(pid, 0)  # This doesn't actually kill the process, just checks if it exists
+        return True
+    except (ProcessLookupError, PermissionError, OSError):
+        return False
+
+def get_browser_disable_options() -> list:
+    """Get standard list of browser disable options for performance.
+    
+    Returns:
+        List of command-line options to disable various browser features
+    """
+    return [
+        "--disable-background-networking",
+        "--disable-background-timer-throttling",
+        "--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows",
+        "--disable-breakpad",
+        "--disable-client-side-phishing-detection",
+        "--disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages",
+        "--disable-default-apps",
+        "--disable-extensions",
+        "--disable-features=TranslateUI",
+        "--disable-hang-monitor",
+        "--disable-ipc-flooding-protection",
+        "--disable-popup-blocking",
+        "--disable-prompt-on-repost",
+        "--disable-sync",
+        "--force-color-profile=srgb",
+        "--metrics-recording-only",
+        "--no-first-run",
+        "--password-store=basic",
+        "--use-mock-keychain",
+    ]
+
+
+async def find_optimal_browser_config(total_urls=50, verbose=True, rate_limit_delay=0.2):
+    """Find optimal browser configuration for crawling a specific number of URLs.
+    
+    Args:
+        total_urls: Number of URLs to crawl
+        verbose: Whether to print progress
+        rate_limit_delay: Delay between page loads to avoid rate limiting
+        
+    Returns:
+        dict: Contains fastest, lowest_memory, and optimal configurations
+    """
+    from .manager import BrowserManager
+    if verbose:
+        print(f"\n=== Finding optimal configuration for crawling {total_urls} URLs ===\n")
+    
+    # Generate test URLs with timestamp to avoid caching
+    timestamp = int(time.time())
+    urls = [f"https://example.com/page_{i}?t={timestamp}" for i in range(total_urls)]
+    
+    # Limit browser configurations to test (1 browser to max 10)
+    max_browsers = min(10, total_urls)
+    configs_to_test = []
+    
+    # Generate configurations (browser count, pages distribution)
+    for num_browsers in range(1, max_browsers + 1):
+        base_pages = total_urls // num_browsers
+        remainder = total_urls % num_browsers
+        
+        # Create distribution array like [3, 3, 2, 2] (some browsers get one more page)
+        if remainder > 0:
+            distribution = [base_pages + 1] * remainder + [base_pages] * (num_browsers - remainder)
+        else:
+            distribution = [base_pages] * num_browsers
+            
+        configs_to_test.append((num_browsers, distribution))
+    
+    results = []
+    
+    # Test each configuration
+    for browser_count, page_distribution in configs_to_test:
+        if verbose:
+            print(f"Testing {browser_count} browsers with distribution {tuple(page_distribution)}")
+        
+        try:
+            # Track memory if possible
+            try:
+                import psutil
+                process = psutil.Process()
+                start_memory = process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)  # MB
+            except ImportError:
+                if verbose: 
+                    print("Memory tracking not available (psutil not installed)")
+                start_memory = 0
+            
+            # Start browsers in parallel
+            managers = []
+            start_tasks = []
+            start_time = time.time()
+
+            logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True, log_file=None)
+            
+            for i in range(browser_count):
+                config = BrowserConfig(headless=True)
+                manager = BrowserManager(browser_config=config, logger=logger)
+                start_tasks.append(manager.start())
+                managers.append(manager)
+            
+            await asyncio.gather(*start_tasks)
+            
+            # Distribute URLs among browsers
+            urls_per_manager = {}
+            url_index = 0
+            
+            for i, manager in enumerate(managers):
+                pages_for_this_browser = page_distribution[i]
+                end_index = url_index + pages_for_this_browser
+                urls_per_manager[manager] = urls[url_index:end_index]
+                url_index = end_index
+            
+            # Create pages for each browser
+            all_pages = []
+            for manager, manager_urls in urls_per_manager.items():
+                if not manager_urls:
+                    continue
+                pages = await manager.get_pages(CrawlerRunConfig(), count=len(manager_urls))
+                all_pages.extend(zip(pages, manager_urls))
+            
+            # Crawl pages with delay to avoid rate limiting
+            async def crawl_page(page_ctx, url):
+                page, _ = page_ctx
+                try:
+                    await page.goto(url)
+                    if rate_limit_delay > 0:
+                        await asyncio.sleep(rate_limit_delay)
+                    title = await page.title()
+                    return title
+                finally:
+                    await page.close()
+            
+            crawl_start = time.time()
+            crawl_tasks = [crawl_page(page_ctx, url) for page_ctx, url in all_pages]
+            await asyncio.gather(*crawl_tasks)
+            crawl_time = time.time() - crawl_start
+            total_time = time.time() - start_time
+            
+            # Measure final memory usage
+            if start_memory > 0:
+                end_memory = process.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)
+                memory_used = end_memory - start_memory
+            else:
+                memory_used = 0
+            
+            # Close all browsers
+            for manager in managers:
+                await manager.close()
+            
+            # Calculate metrics
+            pages_per_second = total_urls / crawl_time
+            
+            # Calculate efficiency score (higher is better)
+            # This balances speed vs memory
+            if memory_used > 0:
+                efficiency = pages_per_second / (memory_used + 1)
+            else:
+                efficiency = pages_per_second
+            
+            # Store result
+            result = {
+                "browser_count": browser_count,
+                "distribution": tuple(page_distribution),
+                "crawl_time": crawl_time,
+                "total_time": total_time,
+                "memory_used": memory_used,
+                "pages_per_second": pages_per_second, 
+                "efficiency": efficiency
+            }
+            
+            results.append(result)
+            
+            if verbose:
+                print(f"  ✓ Crawled {total_urls} pages in {crawl_time:.2f}s ({pages_per_second:.1f} pages/sec)")
+                if memory_used > 0:
+                    print(f"  ✓ Memory used: {memory_used:.1f}MB ({memory_used/total_urls:.1f}MB per page)")
+                print(f"  ✓ Efficiency score: {efficiency:.4f}")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            if verbose:
+                print(f"  ✗ Error: {str(e)}")
+            
+            # Clean up
+            for manager in managers:
+                try:
+                    await manager.close()
+                except:
+                    pass
+    
+    # If no successful results, return None
+    if not results:
+        return None
+    
+    # Find best configurations
+    fastest = sorted(results, key=lambda x: x["crawl_time"])[0]
+    
+    # Only consider memory if available
+    memory_results = [r for r in results if r["memory_used"] > 0]
+    if memory_results:
+        lowest_memory = sorted(memory_results, key=lambda x: x["memory_used"])[0]
+    else:
+        lowest_memory = fastest
+    
+    # Find most efficient (balanced speed vs memory)
+    optimal = sorted(results, key=lambda x: x["efficiency"], reverse=True)[0]
+    
+    # Print summary
+    if verbose:
+        print("\n=== OPTIMAL CONFIGURATIONS ===")
+        print(f"⚡ Fastest: {fastest['browser_count']} browsers {fastest['distribution']}")
+        print(f"   {fastest['crawl_time']:.2f}s, {fastest['pages_per_second']:.1f} pages/sec")
+        
+        print(f"💾 Memory-efficient: {lowest_memory['browser_count']} browsers {lowest_memory['distribution']}")
+        if lowest_memory["memory_used"] > 0:
+            print(f"   {lowest_memory['memory_used']:.1f}MB, {lowest_memory['memory_used']/total_urls:.2f}MB per page")
+        
+        print(f"🌟 Balanced optimal: {optimal['browser_count']} browsers {optimal['distribution']}")
+        print(f"   {optimal['crawl_time']:.2f}s, {optimal['pages_per_second']:.1f} pages/sec, score: {optimal['efficiency']:.4f}")
+    
+    return {
+        "fastest": fastest,
+        "lowest_memory": lowest_memory,
+        "optimal": optimal,
+        "all_configs": results
+    }
+
+
+# Find process ID of the existing browser using os
+def find_process_by_port(port: int) -> str:
+    """Find process ID listening on a specific port.
+    
+    Args:
+        port: Port number to check
+        
+    Returns:
+        str: Process ID or empty string if not found
+    """
+    try:
+        if is_windows():
+            cmd = f"netstat -ano | findstr :{port}"
+            result = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True).decode()
+            return result.strip().split()[-1] if result else ""
+        else:
+            cmd = f"lsof -i :{port} -t"
+            return subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True).decode().strip()
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        return ""
+    
+async def check_process_is_running(process: subprocess.Popen, delay: float = 0.5) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[int], bytes, bytes]:
+    """Perform a quick check to make sure the browser started successfully."""
+    if not process:
+        return False, None, b"", b""
+        
+    # Check that process started without immediate termination
+    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+    if process.poll() is not None:
+        # Process already terminated
+        stdout, stderr = b"", b""
+        try:
+            stdout, stderr = process.communicate(timeout=0.5)
+        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+            pass
+
+        return False, process.returncode, stdout, stderr
+            
+
+    return True, 0, b"", b""
+
+
+def terminate_process(
+    pid: Union[int, str], 
+    timeout: float = 5.0,
+    force_kill_timeout: float = 3.0,
+    logger = None
+) -> Tuple[bool, Optional[str]]:
+    """
+    Robustly terminate a process across platforms with verification.
+    
+    Args:
+        pid: Process ID to terminate (int or string)
+        timeout: Seconds to wait for graceful termination before force killing
+        force_kill_timeout: Seconds to wait after force kill before considering it failed
+        logger: Optional logger object with error, warning, and info methods
+        
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (success: bool, error_message: Optional[str])
+    """
+    # Convert pid to int if it's a string
+    if isinstance(pid, str):
+        try:
+            pid = int(pid)
+        except ValueError:
+            error_msg = f"Invalid PID format: {pid}"
+            if logger:
+                logger.error(error_msg)
+            return False, error_msg
+    
+    # Check if process exists
+    if not psutil.pid_exists(pid):
+        return True, None  # Process already terminated
+    
+    try:
+        process = psutil.Process(pid)
+        
+        # First attempt: graceful termination
+        if logger:
+            logger.info(f"Attempting graceful termination of process {pid}")
+            
+        if os.name == 'nt':  # Windows
+            subprocess.run(["taskkill", "/PID", str(pid)], 
+                          stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, 
+                          stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, 
+                          check=False)
+        else:  # Unix/Linux/MacOS
+            process.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
+        
+        # Wait for process to terminate
+        try:
+            process.wait(timeout=timeout)
+            if logger:
+                logger.info(f"Process {pid} terminated gracefully")
+            return True, None
+        except psutil.TimeoutExpired:
+            if logger:
+                logger.warning(f"Process {pid} did not terminate gracefully within {timeout} seconds, forcing termination")
+        
+        # Second attempt: force kill
+        if os.name == 'nt':  # Windows
+            subprocess.run(["taskkill", "/F", "/PID", str(pid)], 
+                          stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, 
+                          stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, 
+                          check=False)
+        else:  # Unix/Linux/MacOS
+            process.send_signal(signal.SIGKILL)
+        
+        # Verify process is killed
+        gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs([process], timeout=force_kill_timeout)
+        if process in alive:
+            error_msg = f"Failed to kill process {pid} even after force kill"
+            if logger:
+                logger.error(error_msg)
+            return False, error_msg
+            
+        if logger:
+            logger.info(f"Process {pid} terminated by force")
+        return True, None
+        
+    except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+        # Process terminated while we were working with it
+        if logger:
+            logger.info(f"Process {pid} already terminated")
+        return True, None
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        error_msg = f"Error terminating process {pid}: {str(e)}"
+        if logger:
+            logger.error(error_msg)
+        return False, error_msg

crawl4ai/browser_manager.py

@@ -145,17 +145,60 @@ class ManagedBrowser:
 
         # Start browser process
         try:
-            self.browser_process = subprocess.Popen(
-                args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE
-            )
-            # Monitor browser process output for errors
-            asyncio.create_task(self._monitor_browser_process())
+            # Use DETACHED_PROCESS flag on Windows to fully detach the process
+            # On Unix, we'll use preexec_fn=os.setpgrp to start the process in a new process group
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                self.browser_process = subprocess.Popen(
+                    args, 
+                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                    creationflags=subprocess.DETACHED_PROCESS | subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
+                )
+            else:
+                self.browser_process = subprocess.Popen(
+                    args, 
+                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
+                    stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                    preexec_fn=os.setpgrp  # Start in a new process group
+                )
+                
+            # We'll monitor for a short time to make sure it starts properly, but won't keep monitoring
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.5)  # Give browser time to start
+            await self._initial_startup_check()
             await asyncio.sleep(2)  # Give browser time to start
             return f"http://{self.host}:{self.debugging_port}"
         except Exception as e:
             await self.cleanup()
             raise Exception(f"Failed to start browser: {e}")
 
+    async def _initial_startup_check(self):
+        """
+        Perform a quick check to make sure the browser started successfully.
+        This only runs once at startup rather than continuously monitoring.
+        """
+        if not self.browser_process:
+            return
+            
+        # Check that process started without immediate termination
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+        if self.browser_process.poll() is not None:
+            # Process already terminated
+            stdout, stderr = b"", b""
+            try:
+                stdout, stderr = self.browser_process.communicate(timeout=0.5)
+            except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+                pass
+                
+            self.logger.error(
+                message="Browser process terminated during startup | Code: {code} | STDOUT: {stdout} | STDERR: {stderr}",
+                tag="ERROR",
+                params={
+                    "code": self.browser_process.returncode,
+                    "stdout": stdout.decode() if stdout else "",
+                    "stderr": stderr.decode() if stderr else "",
+                },
+            )
+    
     async def _monitor_browser_process(self):
         """
         Monitor the browser process for unexpected termination.
@@ -167,6 +210,7 @@ class ManagedBrowser:
         4. If any other error occurs, log the error message.
 
         Note: This method should be called in a separate task to avoid blocking the main event loop.
+        This is DEPRECATED and should not be used for builtin browsers that need to outlive the Python process.
         """
         if self.browser_process:
             try:
@@ -261,22 +305,33 @@ class ManagedBrowser:
 
         if self.browser_process:
             try:
-                self.browser_process.terminate()
-                # Wait for process to end gracefully
-                for _ in range(10):  # 10 attempts, 100ms each
-                    if self.browser_process.poll() is not None:
-                        break
-                    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+                # For builtin browsers that should persist, we should check if it's a detached process
+                # Only terminate if we have proper control over the process
+                if not self.browser_process.poll():
+                    # Process is still running
+                    self.browser_process.terminate()
+                    # Wait for process to end gracefully
+                    for _ in range(10):  # 10 attempts, 100ms each
+                        if self.browser_process.poll() is not None:
+                            break
+                        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
 
-                # Force kill if still running
-                if self.browser_process.poll() is None:
-                    self.browser_process.kill()
-                    await asyncio.sleep(0.1)  # Brief wait for kill to take effect
+                    # Force kill if still running
+                    if self.browser_process.poll() is None:
+                        if sys.platform == "win32":
+                            # On Windows we might need taskkill for detached processes
+                            try:
+                                subprocess.run(["taskkill", "/F", "/PID", str(self.browser_process.pid)])
+                            except Exception:
+                                self.browser_process.kill()
+                        else:
+                            self.browser_process.kill()
+                        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)  # Brief wait for kill to take effect
 
             except Exception as e:
                 self.logger.error(
                     message="Error terminating browser: {error}",
-                    tag="ERROR",
+                    tag="ERROR", 
                     params={"error": str(e)},
                 )
 
@@ -379,7 +434,15 @@ class BrowserManager:
         sessions (dict): Dictionary to store session information
         session_ttl (int): Session timeout in seconds
     """
+
+    _playwright_instance = None
     
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_playwright(cls):
+        from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
+        if cls._playwright_instance is None:
+            cls._playwright_instance = await async_playwright().start()
+        return cls._playwright_instance    
 
     def __init__(self, browser_config: BrowserConfig, logger=None):
         """
@@ -429,6 +492,7 @@ class BrowserManager:
 
         Note: This method should be called in a separate task to avoid blocking the main event loop.
         """
+        self.playwright  = await self.get_playwright()
         if self.playwright is None:
             from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
 
@@ -443,19 +507,6 @@ class BrowserManager:
                 self.default_context = contexts[0]
             else:
                 self.default_context = await self.create_browser_context()
-                # self.default_context = await self.browser.new_context(
-                #     viewport={
-                #         "width": self.config.viewport_width,
-                #         "height": self.config.viewport_height,
-                #     },
-                #     storage_state=self.config.storage_state,
-                #     user_agent=self.config.headers.get(
-                #         "User-Agent", self.config.user_agent
-                #     ),
-                #     accept_downloads=self.config.accept_downloads,
-                #     ignore_https_errors=self.config.ignore_https_errors,
-                #     java_script_enabled=self.config.java_script_enabled,
-                # )
             await self.setup_context(self.default_context)
         else:
             browser_args = self._build_browser_args()
@@ -470,6 +521,7 @@ class BrowserManager:
 
             self.default_context = self.browser
 
+
     def _build_browser_args(self) -> dict:
         """Build browser launch arguments from config."""
         args = [

crawl4ai/browser_profiler.py

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ import sys
 import datetime
 import uuid
 import shutil
-from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any
+import json
+import subprocess
+import time
+from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Any, Tuple
 from colorama import Fore, Style, init
 
 from .async_configs import BrowserConfig
@@ -56,6 +59,11 @@ class BrowserProfiler:
         # Ensure profiles directory exists
         self.profiles_dir = os.path.join(get_home_folder(), "profiles")
         os.makedirs(self.profiles_dir, exist_ok=True)
+        
+        # Builtin browser config file
+        self.builtin_browser_dir = os.path.join(get_home_folder(), "builtin-browser")
+        self.builtin_config_file = os.path.join(self.builtin_browser_dir, "browser_config.json")
+        os.makedirs(self.builtin_browser_dir, exist_ok=True)
     
     async def create_profile(self, 
                             profile_name: Optional[str] = None, 
@@ -547,12 +555,12 @@ class BrowserProfiler:
             else:
                 self.logger.error(f"Invalid choice. Please enter a number between 1 and {exit_option}.", tag="MENU")
 
-
     async def launch_standalone_browser(self, 
                                   browser_type: str = "chromium",
                                   user_data_dir: Optional[str] = None,
                                   debugging_port: int = 9222,
-                                  headless: bool = False) -> Optional[str]:
+                                  headless: bool = False,
+                                  save_as_builtin: bool = False) -> Optional[str]:
         """
         Launch a standalone browser with CDP debugging enabled and keep it running
         until the user presses 'q'. Returns and displays the CDP URL.
@@ -766,4 +774,201 @@ class BrowserProfiler:
         # Return the CDP URL
         return cdp_url
     
+    async def launch_builtin_browser(self, 
+                                 browser_type: str = "chromium",
+                                 debugging_port: int = 9222,
+                                 headless: bool = True) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Launch a browser in the background for use as the builtin browser.
+        
+        Args:
+            browser_type (str): Type of browser to launch ('chromium' or 'firefox')
+            debugging_port (int): Port to use for CDP debugging
+            headless (bool): Whether to run in headless mode
+            
+        Returns:
+            str: CDP URL for the browser, or None if launch failed
+        """
+        # Check if there's an existing browser still running
+        browser_info = self.get_builtin_browser_info()
+        if browser_info and self._is_browser_running(browser_info.get('pid')):
+            self.logger.info("Builtin browser is already running", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return browser_info.get('cdp_url')
+        
+        # Create a user data directory for the builtin browser
+        user_data_dir = os.path.join(self.builtin_browser_dir, "user_data")
+        os.makedirs(user_data_dir, exist_ok=True)
+        
+        # Create managed browser instance
+        managed_browser = ManagedBrowser(
+            browser_type=browser_type,
+            user_data_dir=user_data_dir,
+            headless=headless,
+            logger=self.logger,
+            debugging_port=debugging_port
+        )
+        
+        try:
+            # Start the browser
+            await managed_browser.start()
+            
+            # Check if browser started successfully
+            browser_process = managed_browser.browser_process
+            if not browser_process:
+                self.logger.error("Failed to start browser process.", tag="BUILTIN")
+                return None
+            
+            # Get CDP URL
+            cdp_url = f"http://localhost:{debugging_port}"
+            
+            # Try to verify browser is responsive by fetching version info
+            import aiohttp
+            json_url = f"{cdp_url}/json/version"
+            config_json = None
+            
+            try:
+                async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+                    for _ in range(10):  # Try multiple times
+                        try:
+                            async with session.get(json_url) as response:
+                                if response.status == 200:
+                                    config_json = await response.json()
+                                    break
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.logger.warning(f"Could not verify browser: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            
+            # Save browser info
+            browser_info = {
+                'pid': browser_process.pid,
+                'cdp_url': cdp_url,
+                'user_data_dir': user_data_dir,
+                'browser_type': browser_type,
+                'debugging_port': debugging_port,
+                'start_time': time.time(),
+                'config': config_json
+            }
+            
+            with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'w') as f:
+                json.dump(browser_info, f, indent=2)
+                
+            # Detach from the browser process - don't keep any references
+            # This is important to allow the Python script to exit while the browser continues running
+            # We'll just record the PID and other info, and the browser will run independently
+            managed_browser.browser_process = None
+                
+            self.logger.success(f"Builtin browser launched at CDP URL: {cdp_url}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return cdp_url
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"Error launching builtin browser: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            if managed_browser:
+                await managed_browser.cleanup()
+            return None
+    
+    def get_builtin_browser_info(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Get information about the builtin browser.
+        
+        Returns:
+            dict: Browser information or None if no builtin browser is configured
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(self.builtin_config_file):
+            return None
+            
+        try:
+            with open(self.builtin_config_file, 'r') as f:
+                browser_info = json.load(f)
+                
+            # Check if the browser is still running
+            if not self._is_browser_running(browser_info.get('pid')):
+                self.logger.warning("Builtin browser is not running", tag="BUILTIN")
+                return None
+                
+            return browser_info
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"Error reading builtin browser config: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return None
+            
+    def _is_browser_running(self, pid: Optional[int]) -> bool:
+        """Check if a process with the given PID is running"""
+        if not pid:
+            return False
+            
+        try:
+            # Check if the process exists
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                process = subprocess.run(["tasklist", "/FI", f"PID eq {pid}"], 
+                                         capture_output=True, text=True)
+                return str(pid) in process.stdout
+            else:
+                # Unix-like systems
+                os.kill(pid, 0)  # This doesn't actually kill the process, just checks if it exists
+            return True
+        except (ProcessLookupError, PermissionError, OSError):
+            return False
+            
+    async def kill_builtin_browser(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Kill the builtin browser if it's running.
+        
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the browser was killed, False otherwise
+        """
+        browser_info = self.get_builtin_browser_info()
+        if not browser_info:
+            self.logger.warning("No builtin browser found", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return False
+            
+        pid = browser_info.get('pid')
+        if not pid:
+            return False
+            
+        try:
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                subprocess.run(["taskkill", "/F", "/PID", str(pid)], check=True)
+            else:
+                os.kill(pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+                # Wait for termination
+                for _ in range(5):
+                    if not self._is_browser_running(pid):
+                        break
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
+                else:
+                    # Force kill if still running
+                    os.kill(pid, signal.SIGKILL)
+                    
+            # Remove config file
+            if os.path.exists(self.builtin_config_file):
+                os.unlink(self.builtin_config_file)
+                
+            self.logger.success("Builtin browser terminated", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.error(f"Error killing builtin browser: {str(e)}", tag="BUILTIN")
+            return False
+    
+    async def get_builtin_browser_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Get status information about the builtin browser.
+        
+        Returns:
+            dict: Status information with running, cdp_url, and info fields
+        """
+        browser_info = self.get_builtin_browser_info()
+        
+        if not browser_info:
+            return {
+                'running': False,
+                'cdp_url': None,
+                'info': None
+            }
+            
+        return {
+            'running': True,
+            'cdp_url': browser_info.get('cdp_url'),
+            'info': browser_info
+        }
 

crawl4ai/cli.py

@@ -20,13 +20,16 @@ from crawl4ai import (
     BrowserConfig, 
     CrawlerRunConfig,
     LLMExtractionStrategy, 
+    LXMLWebScrapingStrategy,
     JsonCssExtractionStrategy,
     JsonXPathExtractionStrategy,
     BM25ContentFilter, 
     PruningContentFilter,
     BrowserProfiler,
+    DefaultMarkdownGenerator,
     LLMConfig
 )
+from crawl4ai.config import USER_SETTINGS
 from litellm import completion
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -175,8 +178,12 @@ def show_examples():
     # CSS-based extraction
     crwl https://example.com -e extract_css.yml -s css_schema.json -o json
 
-    # LLM-based extraction
+    # LLM-based extraction with config file
     crwl https://example.com -e extract_llm.yml -s llm_schema.json -o json
+    
+    # Quick LLM-based JSON extraction (prompts for LLM provider first time)
+    crwl https://example.com -j  # Auto-extracts structured data
+    crwl https://example.com -j "Extract product details including name, price, and features"  # With specific instructions
 
 3️⃣  Direct Parameters:
     # Browser settings
@@ -278,7 +285,7 @@ llm_schema.json:
     # Combine configs with direct parameters
     crwl https://example.com -B browser.yml -b "headless=false,viewport_width=1920"
 
-    # Full extraction pipeline
+    # Full extraction pipeline with config files
     crwl https://example.com \\
         -B browser.yml \\
         -C crawler.yml \\
@@ -286,6 +293,12 @@ llm_schema.json:
         -s llm_schema.json \\
         -o json \\
         -v
+        
+    # Quick LLM-based extraction with specific instructions
+    crwl https://amazon.com/dp/B01DFKC2SO \\
+        -j "Extract product title, current price, original price, rating, and all product specifications" \\
+        -b "headless=true,viewport_width=1280" \\
+        -v
 
     # Content filtering with BM25
     crwl https://example.com \\
@@ -327,6 +340,14 @@ For more documentation visit: https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai
       - google/gemini-pro
     
     See full list of providers: https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/providers
+    
+    # Set default LLM provider and token in advance
+    crwl config set DEFAULT_LLM_PROVIDER "anthropic/claude-3-sonnet"
+    crwl config set DEFAULT_LLM_PROVIDER_TOKEN "your-api-token-here"
+    
+    # Set default browser behavior
+    crwl config set BROWSER_HEADLESS false  # Always show browser window
+    crwl config set USER_AGENT_MODE random  # Use random user agent
 
 9️⃣ Profile Management:
     # Launch interactive profile manager
@@ -341,6 +362,32 @@ For more documentation visit: https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai
     crwl profiles  # Select "Create new profile" option
     # 2. Then use that profile to crawl authenticated content:
     crwl https://site-requiring-login.com/dashboard -p my-profile-name
+
+🔄 Builtin Browser Management:
+    # Start a builtin browser (runs in the background)
+    crwl browser start
+    
+    # Check builtin browser status
+    crwl browser status
+    
+    # Open a visible window to see the browser
+    crwl browser view --url https://example.com
+    
+    # Stop the builtin browser
+    crwl browser stop
+    
+    # Restart with different options
+    crwl browser restart --browser-type chromium --port 9223 --no-headless
+    
+    # Use the builtin browser in your code
+    # (Just set browser_mode="builtin" in your BrowserConfig)
+    browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+        browser_mode="builtin", 
+        headless=True
+    )
+    
+    # Usage via CLI:
+    crwl https://example.com -b "browser_mode=builtin"
 """
     click.echo(examples)
 
@@ -575,6 +622,307 @@ def cli():
     pass
 
 
+@cli.group("browser")
+def browser_cmd():
+    """Manage browser instances for Crawl4AI
+    
+    Commands to manage browser instances for Crawl4AI, including:
+    - status - Check status of the builtin browser
+    - start - Start a new builtin browser
+    - stop - Stop the running builtin browser
+    - restart - Restart the builtin browser
+    """
+    pass
+    
+@browser_cmd.command("status")
+def browser_status_cmd():
+    """Show status of the builtin browser"""
+    profiler = BrowserProfiler()
+    
+    try:
+        status = anyio.run(profiler.get_builtin_browser_status)
+        
+        if status["running"]:
+            info = status["info"]
+            console.print(Panel(
+                f"[green]Builtin browser is running[/green]\n\n"
+                f"CDP URL: [cyan]{info['cdp_url']}[/cyan]\n"
+                f"Process ID: [yellow]{info['pid']}[/yellow]\n"
+                f"Browser type: [blue]{info['browser_type']}[/blue]\n"
+                f"User data directory: [magenta]{info['user_data_dir']}[/magenta]\n"
+                f"Started: [cyan]{time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(info['start_time']))}[/cyan]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Status",
+                border_style="green"
+            ))
+        else:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[yellow]Builtin browser is not running[/yellow]\n\n"
+                "Use 'crwl browser start' to start a builtin browser",
+                title="Builtin Browser Status",
+                border_style="yellow"
+            ))
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error checking browser status: {str(e)}[/red]")
+        sys.exit(1)
+        
+@browser_cmd.command("start")
+@click.option("--browser-type", "-b", type=click.Choice(["chromium", "firefox"]), default="chromium", 
+              help="Browser type (default: chromium)")
+@click.option("--port", "-p", type=int, default=9222, help="Debugging port (default: 9222)")
+@click.option("--headless/--no-headless", default=True, help="Run browser in headless mode")
+def browser_start_cmd(browser_type: str, port: int, headless: bool):
+    """Start a builtin browser instance
+    
+    This will start a persistent browser instance that can be used by Crawl4AI
+    by setting browser_mode="builtin" in BrowserConfig.
+    """
+    profiler = BrowserProfiler()
+    
+    # First check if browser is already running
+    status = anyio.run(profiler.get_builtin_browser_status)
+    if status["running"]:
+        console.print(Panel(
+            "[yellow]Builtin browser is already running[/yellow]\n\n"
+            f"CDP URL: [cyan]{status['cdp_url']}[/cyan]\n\n"
+            "Use 'crwl browser restart' to restart the browser",
+            title="Builtin Browser Start",
+            border_style="yellow"
+        ))
+        return
+    
+    try:
+        console.print(Panel(
+            f"[cyan]Starting builtin browser[/cyan]\n\n"
+            f"Browser type: [green]{browser_type}[/green]\n"
+            f"Debugging port: [yellow]{port}[/yellow]\n"
+            f"Headless: [cyan]{'Yes' if headless else 'No'}[/cyan]",
+            title="Builtin Browser Start",
+            border_style="cyan"
+        ))
+        
+        cdp_url = anyio.run(
+            profiler.launch_builtin_browser,
+            browser_type,
+            port,
+            headless
+        )
+        
+        if cdp_url:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                f"[green]Builtin browser started successfully[/green]\n\n"
+                f"CDP URL: [cyan]{cdp_url}[/cyan]\n\n"
+                "This browser will be used automatically when setting browser_mode='builtin'",
+                title="Builtin Browser Start",
+                border_style="green"
+            ))
+        else:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[red]Failed to start builtin browser[/red]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Start",
+                border_style="red"
+            ))
+            sys.exit(1)
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error starting builtin browser: {str(e)}[/red]")
+        sys.exit(1)
+        
+@browser_cmd.command("stop")
+def browser_stop_cmd():
+    """Stop the running builtin browser"""
+    profiler = BrowserProfiler()
+    
+    try:
+        # First check if browser is running
+        status = anyio.run(profiler.get_builtin_browser_status)
+        if not status["running"]:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[yellow]No builtin browser is currently running[/yellow]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Stop",
+                border_style="yellow"
+            ))
+            return
+            
+        console.print(Panel(
+            "[cyan]Stopping builtin browser...[/cyan]",
+            title="Builtin Browser Stop", 
+            border_style="cyan"
+        ))
+        
+        success = anyio.run(profiler.kill_builtin_browser)
+        
+        if success:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[green]Builtin browser stopped successfully[/green]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Stop",
+                border_style="green"
+            ))
+        else:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[red]Failed to stop builtin browser[/red]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Stop",
+                border_style="red"
+            ))
+            sys.exit(1)
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error stopping builtin browser: {str(e)}[/red]")
+        sys.exit(1)
+        
+@browser_cmd.command("view")
+@click.option("--url", "-u", help="URL to navigate to (defaults to about:blank)")
+def browser_view_cmd(url: Optional[str]):
+    """
+    Open a visible window of the builtin browser
+    
+    This command connects to the running builtin browser and opens a visible window,
+    allowing you to see what the browser is currently viewing or navigate to a URL.
+    """
+    profiler = BrowserProfiler()
+    
+    try:
+        # First check if browser is running
+        status = anyio.run(profiler.get_builtin_browser_status)
+        if not status["running"]:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[yellow]No builtin browser is currently running[/yellow]\n\n"
+                "Use 'crwl browser start' to start a builtin browser first",
+                title="Builtin Browser View",
+                border_style="yellow"
+            ))
+            return
+        
+        info = status["info"]
+        cdp_url = info["cdp_url"]
+        
+        console.print(Panel(
+            f"[cyan]Opening visible window connected to builtin browser[/cyan]\n\n"
+            f"CDP URL: [green]{cdp_url}[/green]\n"
+            f"URL to load: [yellow]{url or 'about:blank'}[/yellow]",
+            title="Builtin Browser View",
+            border_style="cyan"
+        ))
+        
+        # Use the CDP URL to launch a new visible window
+        import subprocess
+        import os
+        
+        # Determine the browser command based on platform
+        if sys.platform == "darwin":  # macOS
+            browser_cmd = ["/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome"]
+        elif sys.platform == "win32":  # Windows
+            browser_cmd = ["C:\\Program Files\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe"]
+        else:  # Linux
+            browser_cmd = ["google-chrome"]
+        
+        # Add arguments
+        browser_args = [
+            f"--remote-debugging-port={info['debugging_port']}",
+            "--remote-debugging-address=localhost",
+            "--no-first-run",
+            "--no-default-browser-check"
+        ]
+        
+        # Add URL if provided
+        if url:
+            browser_args.append(url)
+        
+        # Launch browser
+        try:
+            subprocess.Popen(browser_cmd + browser_args)
+            console.print("[green]Browser window opened. Close it when finished viewing.[/green]")
+        except Exception as e:
+            console.print(f"[red]Error launching browser: {str(e)}[/red]")
+            console.print(f"[yellow]Try connecting manually to {cdp_url} in Chrome or using the '--remote-debugging-port' flag.[/yellow]")
+    
+    except Exception as e:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error viewing builtin browser: {str(e)}[/red]")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+@browser_cmd.command("restart")
+@click.option("--browser-type", "-b", type=click.Choice(["chromium", "firefox"]), default=None, 
+              help="Browser type (defaults to same as current)")
+@click.option("--port", "-p", type=int, default=None, help="Debugging port (defaults to same as current)")
+@click.option("--headless/--no-headless", default=None, help="Run browser in headless mode")
+def browser_restart_cmd(browser_type: Optional[str], port: Optional[int], headless: Optional[bool]):
+    """Restart the builtin browser
+    
+    Stops the current builtin browser if running and starts a new one.
+    By default, uses the same configuration as the current browser.
+    """
+    profiler = BrowserProfiler()
+    
+    try:
+        # First check if browser is running and get its config
+        status = anyio.run(profiler.get_builtin_browser_status)
+        current_config = {}
+        
+        if status["running"]:
+            info = status["info"]
+            current_config = {
+                "browser_type": info["browser_type"],
+                "port": info["debugging_port"],
+                "headless": True  # Default assumption
+            }
+            
+            # Stop the browser
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[cyan]Stopping current builtin browser...[/cyan]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Restart", 
+                border_style="cyan"
+            ))
+            
+            success = anyio.run(profiler.kill_builtin_browser)
+            if not success:
+                console.print(Panel(
+                    "[red]Failed to stop current browser[/red]",
+                    title="Builtin Browser Restart",
+                    border_style="red"
+                ))
+                sys.exit(1)
+        
+        # Use provided options or defaults from current config
+        browser_type = browser_type or current_config.get("browser_type", "chromium")
+        port = port or current_config.get("port", 9222)
+        headless = headless if headless is not None else current_config.get("headless", True)
+        
+        # Start a new browser
+        console.print(Panel(
+            f"[cyan]Starting new builtin browser[/cyan]\n\n"
+            f"Browser type: [green]{browser_type}[/green]\n"
+            f"Debugging port: [yellow]{port}[/yellow]\n"
+            f"Headless: [cyan]{'Yes' if headless else 'No'}[/cyan]",
+            title="Builtin Browser Restart",
+            border_style="cyan"
+        ))
+        
+        cdp_url = anyio.run(
+            profiler.launch_builtin_browser,
+            browser_type,
+            port,
+            headless
+        )
+        
+        if cdp_url:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                f"[green]Builtin browser restarted successfully[/green]\n\n"
+                f"CDP URL: [cyan]{cdp_url}[/cyan]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Restart",
+                border_style="green"
+            ))
+        else:
+            console.print(Panel(
+                "[red]Failed to restart builtin browser[/red]",
+                title="Builtin Browser Restart",
+                border_style="red"
+            ))
+            sys.exit(1)
+            
+    except Exception as e:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error restarting builtin browser: {str(e)}[/red]")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
 @cli.command("cdp")
 @click.option("--user-data-dir", "-d", help="Directory to use for browser data (will be created if it doesn't exist)")
 @click.option("--port", "-P", type=int, default=9222, help="Debugging port (default: 9222)")
@@ -656,17 +1004,19 @@ def cdp_cmd(user_data_dir: Optional[str], port: int, browser_type: str, headless
 @click.option("--crawler-config", "-C", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Crawler config file (YAML/JSON)")
 @click.option("--filter-config", "-f", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Content filter config file")
 @click.option("--extraction-config", "-e", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Extraction strategy config file")
+@click.option("--json-extract", "-j", is_flag=False, flag_value="", default=None, help="Extract structured data using LLM with optional description")
 @click.option("--schema", "-s", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="JSON schema for extraction")
 @click.option("--browser", "-b", type=str, callback=parse_key_values, help="Browser parameters as key1=value1,key2=value2")
 @click.option("--crawler", "-c", type=str, callback=parse_key_values, help="Crawler parameters as key1=value1,key2=value2")
 @click.option("--output", "-o", type=click.Choice(["all", "json", "markdown", "md", "markdown-fit", "md-fit"]), default="all")
-@click.option("--bypass-cache", is_flag=True, default=True, help="Bypass cache when crawling")
+@click.option("--output-file", "-O", type=click.Path(), help="Output file path (default: stdout)")
+@click.option("--bypass-cache", "-b", is_flag=True, default=True, help="Bypass cache when crawling")
 @click.option("--question", "-q", help="Ask a question about the crawled content")
 @click.option("--verbose", "-v", is_flag=True)
 @click.option("--profile", "-p", help="Use a specific browser profile (by name)")
 def crawl_cmd(url: str, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, filter_config: str, 
-           extraction_config: str, schema: str, browser: Dict, crawler: Dict,
-           output: str, bypass_cache: bool, question: str, verbose: bool, profile: str):
+           extraction_config: str, json_extract: str, schema: str, browser: Dict, crawler: Dict,
+           output: str, output_file: str, bypass_cache: bool, question: str, verbose: bool, profile: str):
     """Crawl a website and extract content
     
     Simple Usage:
@@ -710,21 +1060,65 @@ def crawl_cmd(url: str, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, filter_config:
             crawler_cfg = crawler_cfg.clone(**crawler)
             
         # Handle content filter config
-        if filter_config:
-            filter_conf = load_config_file(filter_config)
+        if filter_config or output in ["markdown-fit", "md-fit"]:
+            if filter_config:
+                filter_conf = load_config_file(filter_config)
+            elif not filter_config and output in ["markdown-fit", "md-fit"]:
+                filter_conf = {
+                    "type": "pruning",
+                    "query": "",
+                    "threshold": 0.48
+                }
             if filter_conf["type"] == "bm25":
-                crawler_cfg.content_filter = BM25ContentFilter(
-                    user_query=filter_conf.get("query"),
-                    bm25_threshold=filter_conf.get("threshold", 1.0)
+                crawler_cfg.markdown_generator = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
+                    content_filter = BM25ContentFilter(
+                        user_query=filter_conf.get("query"),
+                        bm25_threshold=filter_conf.get("threshold", 1.0)
+                    )
                 )
             elif filter_conf["type"] == "pruning":
-                crawler_cfg.content_filter = PruningContentFilter(
-                    user_query=filter_conf.get("query"),
-                    threshold=filter_conf.get("threshold", 0.48)
+                crawler_cfg.markdown_generator = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
+                    content_filter = PruningContentFilter(
+                        user_query=filter_conf.get("query"),
+                        threshold=filter_conf.get("threshold", 0.48)
+                    )
                 )
+        
+        # Handle json-extract option (takes precedence over extraction-config)
+        if json_extract is not None:
+            # Get LLM provider and token
+            provider, token = setup_llm_config()
+            
+            # Default sophisticated instruction for structured data extraction
+            default_instruction = """Analyze the web page content and extract structured data as JSON. 
+If the page contains a list of items with repeated patterns, extract all items in an array. 
+If the page is an article or contains unique content, extract a comprehensive JSON object with all relevant information.
+Look at the content, intention of content, what it offers and find the data item(s) in the page.
+Always return valid, properly formatted JSON."""
+            
+            
+            default_instruction_with_user_query = """Analyze the web page content and extract structured data as JSON, following the below instruction and explanation of schema and always return valid, properly formatted JSON. \n\nInstruction:\n\n""" + json_extract
+            
+            # Determine instruction based on whether json_extract is empty or has content
+            instruction = default_instruction_with_user_query if json_extract else default_instruction
+            
+            # Create LLM extraction strategy
+            crawler_cfg.extraction_strategy = LLMExtractionStrategy(
+                llm_config=LLMConfig(provider=provider, api_token=token),
+                instruction=instruction,
+                schema=load_schema_file(schema),  # Will be None if no schema is provided
+                extraction_type="schema", #if schema else "block",
+                apply_chunking=False,
+                force_json_response=True,
+                verbose=verbose,
+            )
+            
+            # Set output to JSON if not explicitly specified
+            if output == "all":
+                output = "json"
                 
-        # Handle extraction strategy
-        if extraction_config:
+        # Handle extraction strategy from config file (only if json-extract wasn't used)
+        elif extraction_config:
             extract_conf = load_config_file(extraction_config)
             schema_data = load_schema_file(schema)
             
@@ -758,6 +1152,13 @@ def crawl_cmd(url: str, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, filter_config:
         # No cache
         if bypass_cache:
             crawler_cfg.cache_mode = CacheMode.BYPASS
+
+        crawler_cfg.scraping_strategy = LXMLWebScrapingStrategy()    
+
+        config = get_global_config()
+        
+        browser_cfg.verbose = config.get("VERBOSE", False)
+        crawler_cfg.verbose = config.get("VERBOSE", False)
         
         # Run crawler
         result : CrawlResult = anyio.run(
@@ -776,14 +1177,31 @@ def crawl_cmd(url: str, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, filter_config:
             return
         
         # Handle output
-        if output == "all":
-            click.echo(json.dumps(result.model_dump(), indent=2))
-        elif output == "json":
-            click.echo(json.dumps(json.loads(result.extracted_content), indent=2))
-        elif output in ["markdown", "md"]:
-            click.echo(result.markdown.raw_markdown)
-        elif output in ["markdown-fit", "md-fit"]:
-            click.echo(result.markdown.fit_markdown)
+        if not output_file:
+            if output == "all":
+                click.echo(json.dumps(result.model_dump(), indent=2))
+            elif output == "json":
+                print(result.extracted_content)
+                extracted_items = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
+                click.echo(json.dumps(extracted_items, indent=2))
+                
+            elif output in ["markdown", "md"]:
+                click.echo(result.markdown.raw_markdown)
+            elif output in ["markdown-fit", "md-fit"]:
+                click.echo(result.markdown.fit_markdown)
+        else:
+            if output == "all":
+                with open(output_file, "w") as f:
+                    f.write(json.dumps(result.model_dump(), indent=2))
+            elif output == "json":
+                with open(output_file, "w") as f:
+                    f.write(result.extracted_content)
+            elif output in ["markdown", "md"]:
+                with open(output_file, "w") as f:
+                    f.write(result.markdown.raw_markdown)
+            elif output in ["markdown-fit", "md-fit"]:
+                with open(output_file, "w") as f:
+                    f.write(result.markdown.fit_markdown)
             
     except Exception as e:
         raise click.ClickException(str(e))
@@ -793,6 +1211,120 @@ def examples_cmd():
     """Show usage examples"""
     show_examples()
 
+@cli.group("config")
+def config_cmd():
+    """Manage global configuration settings
+    
+    Commands to view and update global configuration settings:
+    - list: Display all current configuration settings
+    - get: Get the value of a specific setting
+    - set: Set the value of a specific setting
+    """
+    pass
+
+@config_cmd.command("list")
+def config_list_cmd():
+    """List all configuration settings"""
+    config = get_global_config()
+    
+    table = Table(title="Crawl4AI Configuration", show_header=True, header_style="bold cyan", border_style="blue")
+    table.add_column("Setting", style="cyan")
+    table.add_column("Value", style="green")
+    table.add_column("Default", style="yellow")
+    table.add_column("Description", style="white")
+    
+    for key, setting in USER_SETTINGS.items():
+        value = config.get(key, setting["default"])
+        
+        # Handle secret values
+        display_value = value
+        if setting.get("secret", False) and value:
+            display_value = "********"
+            
+        # Handle boolean values
+        if setting["type"] == "boolean":
+            display_value = str(value).lower()
+            default_value = str(setting["default"]).lower()
+        else:
+            default_value = str(setting["default"])
+        
+        table.add_row(
+            key,
+            str(display_value),
+            default_value,
+            setting["description"]
+        )
+    
+    console.print(table)
+
+@config_cmd.command("get")
+@click.argument("key", required=True)
+def config_get_cmd(key: str):
+    """Get a specific configuration setting"""
+    config = get_global_config()
+    
+    # Normalize key to uppercase
+    key = key.upper()
+    
+    if key not in USER_SETTINGS:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error: Unknown setting '{key}'[/red]")
+        return
+    
+    value = config.get(key, USER_SETTINGS[key]["default"])
+    
+    # Handle secret values
+    display_value = value
+    if USER_SETTINGS[key].get("secret", False) and value:
+        display_value = "********"
+    
+    console.print(f"[cyan]{key}[/cyan] = [green]{display_value}[/green]")
+    console.print(f"[dim]Description: {USER_SETTINGS[key]['description']}[/dim]")
+
+@config_cmd.command("set")
+@click.argument("key", required=True)
+@click.argument("value", required=True)
+def config_set_cmd(key: str, value: str):
+    """Set a configuration setting"""
+    config = get_global_config()
+    
+    # Normalize key to uppercase
+    key = key.upper()
+    
+    if key not in USER_SETTINGS:
+        console.print(f"[red]Error: Unknown setting '{key}'[/red]")
+        console.print(f"[yellow]Available settings: {', '.join(USER_SETTINGS.keys())}[/yellow]")
+        return
+    
+    setting = USER_SETTINGS[key]
+    
+    # Type conversion and validation
+    if setting["type"] == "boolean":
+        if value.lower() in ["true", "yes", "1", "y"]:
+            typed_value = True
+        elif value.lower() in ["false", "no", "0", "n"]:
+            typed_value = False
+        else:
+            console.print(f"[red]Error: Invalid boolean value. Use 'true' or 'false'.[/red]")
+            return
+    elif setting["type"] == "string":
+        typed_value = value
+        
+        # Check if the value should be one of the allowed options
+        if "options" in setting and value not in setting["options"]:
+            console.print(f"[red]Error: Value must be one of: {', '.join(setting['options'])}[/red]")
+            return
+    
+    # Update config
+    config[key] = typed_value
+    save_global_config(config)
+    
+    # Handle secret values for display
+    display_value = typed_value
+    if setting.get("secret", False) and typed_value:
+        display_value = "********"
+        
+    console.print(f"[green]Successfully set[/green] [cyan]{key}[/cyan] = [green]{display_value}[/green]")
+
 @cli.command("profiles")
 def profiles_cmd():
     """Manage browser profiles interactively
@@ -812,6 +1344,7 @@ def profiles_cmd():
 @click.option("--crawler-config", "-C", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Crawler config file (YAML/JSON)")
 @click.option("--filter-config", "-f", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Content filter config file")
 @click.option("--extraction-config", "-e", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="Extraction strategy config file")
+@click.option("--json-extract", "-j", is_flag=False, flag_value="", default=None, help="Extract structured data using LLM with optional description")
 @click.option("--schema", "-s", type=click.Path(exists=True), help="JSON schema for extraction")
 @click.option("--browser", "-b", type=str, callback=parse_key_values, help="Browser parameters as key1=value1,key2=value2")
 @click.option("--crawler", "-c", type=str, callback=parse_key_values, help="Crawler parameters as key1=value1,key2=value2")
@@ -821,7 +1354,7 @@ def profiles_cmd():
 @click.option("--verbose", "-v", is_flag=True)
 @click.option("--profile", "-p", help="Use a specific browser profile (by name)")
 def default(url: str, example: bool, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, filter_config: str, 
-        extraction_config: str, schema: str, browser: Dict, crawler: Dict,
+        extraction_config: str, json_extract: str, schema: str, browser: Dict, crawler: Dict,
         output: str, bypass_cache: bool, question: str, verbose: bool, profile: str):
     """Crawl4AI CLI - Web content extraction tool
 
@@ -834,7 +1367,15 @@ def default(url: str, example: bool, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, f
         crwl profiles   - Manage browser profiles for identity-based crawling
         crwl crawl      - Crawl a website with advanced options
         crwl cdp        - Launch browser with CDP debugging enabled
+        crwl browser    - Manage builtin browser (start, stop, status, restart)
+        crwl config     - Manage global configuration settings
         crwl examples   - Show more usage examples
+        
+    Configuration Examples:
+        crwl config list                         - List all configuration settings
+        crwl config get DEFAULT_LLM_PROVIDER     - Show current LLM provider
+        crwl config set VERBOSE true             - Enable verbose mode globally
+        crwl config set BROWSER_HEADLESS false   - Default to visible browser
     """
 
     if example:
@@ -855,7 +1396,8 @@ def default(url: str, example: bool, browser_config: str, crawler_config: str, f
         browser_config=browser_config,
         crawler_config=crawler_config,
         filter_config=filter_config,
-        extraction_config=extraction_config, 
+        extraction_config=extraction_config,
+        json_extract=json_extract,
         schema=schema,
         browser=browser,
         crawler=crawler,

crawl4ai/components/crawler_monitor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,837 @@
+import time
+import uuid
+import threading
+import psutil
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Dict, Optional, List
+import threading
+from rich.console import Console
+from rich.layout import Layout
+from rich.panel import Panel
+from rich.table import Table
+from rich.text import Text
+from rich.live import Live
+from rich import box
+from ..models import CrawlStatus
+
+class TerminalUI:
+    """Terminal user interface for CrawlerMonitor using rich library."""
+    
+    def __init__(self, refresh_rate: float = 1.0, max_width: int = 120):
+        """
+        Initialize the terminal UI.
+        
+        Args:
+            refresh_rate: How often to refresh the UI (in seconds)
+            max_width: Maximum width of the UI in characters
+        """
+        self.console = Console(width=max_width)
+        self.layout = Layout()
+        self.refresh_rate = refresh_rate
+        self.stop_event = threading.Event()
+        self.ui_thread = None
+        self.monitor = None  # Will be set by CrawlerMonitor
+        self.max_width = max_width
+        
+        # Setup layout - vertical layout (top to bottom)
+        self.layout.split(
+            Layout(name="header", size=3),
+            Layout(name="pipeline_status", size=10),
+            Layout(name="task_details", ratio=1),
+            Layout(name="footer", size=3)  # Increased footer size to fit all content
+        )
+        
+    def start(self, monitor):
+        """Start the UI thread."""
+        self.monitor = monitor
+        self.stop_event.clear()
+        self.ui_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._ui_loop)
+        self.ui_thread.daemon = True
+        self.ui_thread.start()
+        
+    def stop(self):
+        """Stop the UI thread."""
+        if self.ui_thread and self.ui_thread.is_alive():
+            self.stop_event.set()
+            # Only try to join if we're not in the UI thread
+            # This prevents "cannot join current thread" errors
+            if threading.current_thread() != self.ui_thread:
+                self.ui_thread.join(timeout=5.0)
+    
+    def _ui_loop(self):
+        """Main UI rendering loop."""
+        import sys
+        import select
+        import termios
+        import tty
+        
+        # Setup terminal for non-blocking input
+        old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
+        try:
+            tty.setcbreak(sys.stdin.fileno())
+            
+            # Use Live display to render the UI
+            with Live(self.layout, refresh_per_second=1/self.refresh_rate, screen=True) as live:
+                self.live = live  # Store the live display for updates
+                
+                # Main UI loop
+                while not self.stop_event.is_set():
+                    self._update_display()
+                    
+                    # Check for key press (non-blocking)
+                    if select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0)[0]:
+                        key = sys.stdin.read(1)
+                        # Check for 'q' to quit
+                        if key == 'q':
+                            # Signal stop but don't call monitor.stop() from UI thread
+                            # as it would cause the thread to try to join itself
+                            self.stop_event.set()
+                            self.monitor.is_running = False
+                            break
+                    
+                    time.sleep(self.refresh_rate)
+                    
+                    # Just check if the monitor was stopped
+                    if not self.monitor.is_running:
+                        break
+        finally:
+            # Restore terminal settings
+            termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
+    
+    def _update_display(self):
+        """Update the terminal display with current statistics."""
+        if not self.monitor:
+            return
+            
+        # Update crawler status panel
+        self.layout["header"].update(self._create_status_panel())
+        
+        # Update pipeline status panel and task details panel
+        self.layout["pipeline_status"].update(self._create_pipeline_panel())
+        self.layout["task_details"].update(self._create_task_details_panel())
+        
+        # Update footer
+        self.layout["footer"].update(self._create_footer())
+    
+    def _create_status_panel(self) -> Panel:
+        """Create the crawler status panel."""
+        summary = self.monitor.get_summary()
+        
+        # Format memory status with icon
+        memory_status = self.monitor.get_memory_status()
+        memory_icon = "🟢"  # Default NORMAL
+        if memory_status == "PRESSURE":
+            memory_icon = "🟠"
+        elif memory_status == "CRITICAL":
+            memory_icon = "🔴"
+        
+        # Get current memory usage
+        current_memory = psutil.Process().memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)  # MB
+        memory_percent = (current_memory / psutil.virtual_memory().total) * 100
+        
+        # Format runtime
+        runtime = self.monitor._format_time(time.time() - self.monitor.start_time if self.monitor.start_time else 0)
+        
+        # Create the status text
+        status_text = Text()
+        status_text.append(f"Web Crawler Dashboard | Runtime: {runtime} | Memory: {memory_percent:.1f}% {memory_icon}\n")
+        status_text.append(f"Status: {memory_status} | URLs: {summary['urls_completed']}/{summary['urls_total']} | ")
+        status_text.append(f"Peak Mem: {summary['peak_memory_percent']:.1f}% at {self.monitor._format_time(summary['peak_memory_time'])}")
+        
+        return Panel(status_text, title="Crawler Status", border_style="blue")
+    
+    def _create_pipeline_panel(self) -> Panel:
+        """Create the pipeline status panel."""
+        summary = self.monitor.get_summary()
+        queue_stats = self.monitor.get_queue_stats()
+        
+        # Create a table for status counts
+        table = Table(show_header=True, box=None)
+        table.add_column("Status", style="cyan")
+        table.add_column("Count", justify="right")
+        table.add_column("Percentage", justify="right")
+        table.add_column("Stat", style="cyan")
+        table.add_column("Value", justify="right")
+        
+        # Calculate overall progress
+        progress = f"{summary['urls_completed']}/{summary['urls_total']}"
+        progress_percent = f"{summary['completion_percentage']:.1f}%"
+        
+        # Add rows for each status
+        table.add_row(
+            "Overall Progress", 
+            progress, 
+            progress_percent,
+            "Est. Completion", 
+            summary.get('estimated_completion_time', "N/A")
+        )
+        
+        # Add rows for each status
+        status_counts = summary['status_counts']
+        total = summary['urls_total'] or 1  # Avoid division by zero
+        
+        # Status rows
+        table.add_row(
+            "Completed", 
+            str(status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name, 0)),
+            f"{status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name, 0) / total * 100:.1f}%",
+            "Avg. Time/URL",
+            f"{summary.get('avg_task_duration', 0):.2f}s"
+        )
+        
+        table.add_row(
+            "Failed", 
+            str(status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.FAILED.name, 0)),
+            f"{status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.FAILED.name, 0) / total * 100:.1f}%",
+            "Concurrent Tasks",
+            str(status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name, 0))
+        )
+        
+        table.add_row(
+            "In Progress", 
+            str(status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name, 0)),
+            f"{status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name, 0) / total * 100:.1f}%",
+            "Queue Size",
+            str(queue_stats['total_queued'])
+        )
+        
+        table.add_row(
+            "Queued", 
+            str(status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name, 0)),
+            f"{status_counts.get(CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name, 0) / total * 100:.1f}%",
+            "Max Wait Time",
+            f"{queue_stats['highest_wait_time']:.1f}s"
+        )
+        
+        # Requeued is a special case as it's not a status
+        requeued_count = summary.get('requeued_count', 0)
+        table.add_row(
+            "Requeued", 
+            str(requeued_count),
+            f"{summary.get('requeue_rate', 0):.1f}%",
+            "Avg Wait Time",
+            f"{queue_stats['avg_wait_time']:.1f}s"
+        )
+        
+        # Add empty row for spacing
+        table.add_row(
+            "", 
+            "",
+            "",
+            "Requeue Rate",
+            f"{summary.get('requeue_rate', 0):.1f}%"
+        )
+        
+        return Panel(table, title="Pipeline Status", border_style="green")
+    
+    def _create_task_details_panel(self) -> Panel:
+        """Create the task details panel."""
+        # Create a table for task details
+        table = Table(show_header=True, expand=True)
+        table.add_column("Task ID", style="cyan", no_wrap=True, width=10)
+        table.add_column("URL", style="blue", ratio=3)
+        table.add_column("Status", style="green", width=15)
+        table.add_column("Memory", justify="right", width=8)
+        table.add_column("Peak", justify="right", width=8)
+        table.add_column("Duration", justify="right", width=10)
+        
+        # Get all task stats
+        task_stats = self.monitor.get_all_task_stats()
+        
+        # Add summary row
+        active_tasks = sum(1 for stats in task_stats.values() 
+                          if stats['status'] == CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name)
+        
+        total_memory = sum(stats['memory_usage'] for stats in task_stats.values())
+        total_peak = sum(stats['peak_memory'] for stats in task_stats.values())
+        
+        # Summary row with separators
+        table.add_row(
+            "SUMMARY", 
+            f"Total: {len(task_stats)}", 
+            f"Active: {active_tasks}",
+            f"{total_memory:.1f}",
+            f"{total_peak:.1f}",
+            "N/A"
+        )
+        
+        # Add a separator
+        table.add_row("—" * 10, "—" * 20, "—" * 10, "—" * 8, "—" * 8, "—" * 10)
+        
+        # Status icons
+        status_icons = {
+            CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name: "⏳",
+            CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name: "🔄",
+            CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name: "✅",
+            CrawlStatus.FAILED.name: "❌"
+        }
+        
+        # Calculate how many rows we can display based on available space
+        # We can display more rows now that we have a dedicated panel
+        display_count = min(len(task_stats), 20)  # Display up to 20 tasks
+        
+        # Add rows for each task
+        for task_id, stats in sorted(
+            list(task_stats.items())[:display_count],
+            # Sort: 1. IN_PROGRESS first, 2. QUEUED, 3. COMPLETED/FAILED by recency
+            key=lambda x: (
+                0 if x[1]['status'] == CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name else 
+                1 if x[1]['status'] == CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name else 
+                2,
+                -1 * (x[1].get('end_time', 0) or 0)  # Most recent first
+            )
+        ):
+            # Truncate task_id and URL for display
+            short_id = task_id[:8]
+            url = stats['url']
+            if len(url) > 50:  # Allow longer URLs in the dedicated panel
+                url = url[:47] + "..."
+                
+            # Format status with icon
+            status = f"{status_icons.get(stats['status'], '?')} {stats['status']}"
+            
+            # Add row
+            table.add_row(
+                short_id,
+                url,
+                status,
+                f"{stats['memory_usage']:.1f}",
+                f"{stats['peak_memory']:.1f}",
+                stats['duration'] if 'duration' in stats else "0:00"
+            )
+        
+        return Panel(table, title="Task Details", border_style="yellow")
+    
+    def _create_footer(self) -> Panel:
+        """Create the footer panel."""
+        from rich.columns import Columns
+        from rich.align import Align
+        
+        memory_status = self.monitor.get_memory_status()
+        memory_icon = "🟢"  # Default NORMAL
+        if memory_status == "PRESSURE":
+            memory_icon = "🟠"
+        elif memory_status == "CRITICAL":
+            memory_icon = "🔴"
+        
+        # Left section - memory status
+        left_text = Text()
+        left_text.append("Memory Status: ", style="bold")
+        status_style = "green" if memory_status == "NORMAL" else "yellow" if memory_status == "PRESSURE" else "red bold"
+        left_text.append(f"{memory_icon} {memory_status}", style=status_style)
+        
+        # Center section - copyright
+        center_text = Text("© Crawl4AI 2025 | Made by UnclecCode", style="cyan italic")
+        
+        # Right section - quit instruction
+        right_text = Text()
+        right_text.append("Press ", style="bold")
+        right_text.append("q", style="white on blue")
+        right_text.append(" to quit", style="bold")
+        
+        # Create columns with the three sections
+        footer_content = Columns(
+            [
+                Align.left(left_text),
+                Align.center(center_text),
+                Align.right(right_text)
+            ],
+            expand=True
+        )
+        
+        # Create a more visible footer panel
+        return Panel(
+            footer_content,
+            border_style="white",
+            padding=(0, 1)  # Add padding for better visibility
+        )
+
+
+class CrawlerMonitor:
+    """
+    Comprehensive monitoring and visualization system for tracking web crawler operations in real-time.
+    Provides a terminal-based dashboard that displays task statuses, memory usage, queue statistics,
+    and performance metrics.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        urls_total: int = 0,
+        refresh_rate: float = 1.0,
+        enable_ui: bool = True,
+        max_width: int = 120
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize the CrawlerMonitor.
+        
+        Args:
+            urls_total: Total number of URLs to be crawled
+            refresh_rate: How often to refresh the UI (in seconds)
+            enable_ui: Whether to display the terminal UI
+            max_width: Maximum width of the UI in characters
+        """
+        # Core monitoring attributes
+        self.stats = {}  # Task ID -> stats dict
+        self.memory_status = "NORMAL"
+        self.start_time = None
+        self.end_time = None
+        self.is_running = False
+        self.queue_stats = {
+            "total_queued": 0,
+            "highest_wait_time": 0.0,
+            "avg_wait_time": 0.0
+        }
+        self.urls_total = urls_total
+        self.urls_completed = 0
+        self.peak_memory_percent = 0.0
+        self.peak_memory_time = 0.0
+        
+        # Status counts
+        self.status_counts = {
+            CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name: 0,
+            CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS.name: 0,
+            CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name: 0,
+            CrawlStatus.FAILED.name: 0
+        }
+        
+        # Requeue tracking
+        self.requeued_count = 0
+        
+        # Thread-safety
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
+        
+        # Terminal UI
+        self.enable_ui = enable_ui
+        self.terminal_ui = TerminalUI(
+            refresh_rate=refresh_rate, 
+            max_width=max_width
+        ) if enable_ui else None
+    
+    def start(self):
+        """
+        Start the monitoring session.
+        
+        - Initializes the start_time
+        - Sets is_running to True
+        - Starts the terminal UI if enabled
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self.start_time = time.time()
+            self.is_running = True
+            
+            # Start the terminal UI
+            if self.enable_ui and self.terminal_ui:
+                self.terminal_ui.start(self)
+    
+    def stop(self):
+        """
+        Stop the monitoring session.
+        
+        - Records end_time
+        - Sets is_running to False
+        - Stops the terminal UI
+        - Generates final summary statistics
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self.end_time = time.time()
+            self.is_running = False
+            
+            # Stop the terminal UI
+            if self.enable_ui and self.terminal_ui:
+                self.terminal_ui.stop()
+    
+    def add_task(self, task_id: str, url: str):
+        """
+        Register a new task with the monitor.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: Unique identifier for the task
+            url: URL being crawled
+            
+        The task is initialized with:
+            - status: QUEUED
+            - url: The URL to crawl
+            - enqueue_time: Current time
+            - memory_usage: 0
+            - peak_memory: 0
+            - wait_time: 0
+            - retry_count: 0
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self.stats[task_id] = {
+                "task_id": task_id,
+                "url": url,
+                "status": CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name,
+                "enqueue_time": time.time(),
+                "start_time": None,
+                "end_time": None,
+                "memory_usage": 0.0,
+                "peak_memory": 0.0,
+                "error_message": "",
+                "wait_time": 0.0,
+                "retry_count": 0,
+                "duration": "0:00",
+                "counted_requeue": False
+            }
+            
+            # Update status counts
+            self.status_counts[CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name] += 1
+    
+    def update_task(
+        self, 
+        task_id: str, 
+        status: Optional[CrawlStatus] = None,
+        start_time: Optional[float] = None,
+        end_time: Optional[float] = None,
+        memory_usage: Optional[float] = None,
+        peak_memory: Optional[float] = None,
+        error_message: Optional[str] = None,
+        retry_count: Optional[int] = None,
+        wait_time: Optional[float] = None
+    ):
+        """
+        Update statistics for a specific task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: Unique identifier for the task
+            status: New status (QUEUED, IN_PROGRESS, COMPLETED, FAILED)
+            start_time: When task execution started
+            end_time: When task execution ended
+            memory_usage: Current memory usage in MB
+            peak_memory: Maximum memory usage in MB
+            error_message: Error description if failed
+            retry_count: Number of retry attempts
+            wait_time: Time spent in queue
+            
+        Updates task statistics and updates status counts.
+        If status changes, decrements old status count and 
+        increments new status count.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            # Check if task exists
+            if task_id not in self.stats:
+                return
+            
+            task_stats = self.stats[task_id]
+            
+            # Update status counts if status is changing
+            old_status = task_stats["status"]
+            if status and status.name != old_status:
+                self.status_counts[old_status] -= 1
+                self.status_counts[status.name] += 1
+                
+                # Track completion
+                if status == CrawlStatus.COMPLETED:
+                    self.urls_completed += 1
+                
+                # Track requeues
+                if old_status in [CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name, CrawlStatus.FAILED.name] and not task_stats.get("counted_requeue", False):
+                    self.requeued_count += 1
+                    task_stats["counted_requeue"] = True
+            
+            # Update task statistics
+            if status:
+                task_stats["status"] = status.name
+            if start_time is not None:
+                task_stats["start_time"] = start_time
+            if end_time is not None:
+                task_stats["end_time"] = end_time
+            if memory_usage is not None:
+                task_stats["memory_usage"] = memory_usage
+                
+                # Update peak memory if necessary
+                current_percent = (memory_usage / psutil.virtual_memory().total) * 100
+                if current_percent > self.peak_memory_percent:
+                    self.peak_memory_percent = current_percent
+                    self.peak_memory_time = time.time()
+                
+            if peak_memory is not None:
+                task_stats["peak_memory"] = peak_memory
+            if error_message is not None:
+                task_stats["error_message"] = error_message
+            if retry_count is not None:
+                task_stats["retry_count"] = retry_count
+            if wait_time is not None:
+                task_stats["wait_time"] = wait_time
+            
+            # Calculate duration
+            if task_stats["start_time"]:
+                end = task_stats["end_time"] or time.time()
+                duration = end - task_stats["start_time"]
+                task_stats["duration"] = self._format_time(duration)
+    
+    def update_memory_status(self, status: str):
+        """
+        Update the current memory status.
+        
+        Args:
+            status: Memory status (NORMAL, PRESSURE, CRITICAL, or custom)
+            
+        Also updates the UI to reflect the new status.
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self.memory_status = status
+    
+    def update_queue_statistics(
+        self,
+        total_queued: int,
+        highest_wait_time: float,
+        avg_wait_time: float
+    ):
+        """
+        Update statistics related to the task queue.
+        
+        Args:
+            total_queued: Number of tasks currently in queue
+            highest_wait_time: Longest wait time of any queued task
+            avg_wait_time: Average wait time across all queued tasks
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            self.queue_stats = {
+                "total_queued": total_queued,
+                "highest_wait_time": highest_wait_time,
+                "avg_wait_time": avg_wait_time
+            }
+    
+    def get_task_stats(self, task_id: str) -> Dict:
+        """
+        Get statistics for a specific task.
+        
+        Args:
+            task_id: Unique identifier for the task
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary containing all task statistics
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.stats.get(task_id, {}).copy()
+    
+    def get_all_task_stats(self) -> Dict[str, Dict]:
+        """
+        Get statistics for all tasks.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary mapping task_ids to their statistics
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.stats.copy()
+    
+    def get_memory_status(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Get the current memory status.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Current memory status string
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.memory_status
+    
+    def get_queue_stats(self) -> Dict:
+        """
+        Get current queue statistics.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary with queue statistics including:
+            - total_queued: Number of tasks in queue
+            - highest_wait_time: Longest wait time
+            - avg_wait_time: Average wait time
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.queue_stats.copy()
+    
+    def get_summary(self) -> Dict:
+        """
+        Get a summary of all crawler statistics.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary containing:
+            - runtime: Total runtime in seconds
+            - urls_total: Total URLs to process
+            - urls_completed: Number of completed URLs
+            - completion_percentage: Percentage complete
+            - status_counts: Count of tasks in each status
+            - memory_status: Current memory status
+            - peak_memory_percent: Highest memory usage
+            - peak_memory_time: When peak memory occurred
+            - avg_task_duration: Average task processing time
+            - estimated_completion_time: Projected finish time
+            - requeue_rate: Percentage of tasks requeued
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            # Calculate runtime
+            current_time = time.time()
+            runtime = current_time - (self.start_time or current_time)
+            
+            # Calculate completion percentage
+            completion_percentage = 0
+            if self.urls_total > 0:
+                completion_percentage = (self.urls_completed / self.urls_total) * 100
+            
+            # Calculate average task duration for completed tasks
+            completed_tasks = [
+                task for task in self.stats.values() 
+                if task["status"] == CrawlStatus.COMPLETED.name and task.get("start_time") and task.get("end_time")
+            ]
+            
+            avg_task_duration = 0
+            if completed_tasks:
+                total_duration = sum(task["end_time"] - task["start_time"] for task in completed_tasks)
+                avg_task_duration = total_duration / len(completed_tasks)
+            
+            # Calculate requeue rate
+            requeue_rate = 0
+            if len(self.stats) > 0:
+                requeue_rate = (self.requeued_count / len(self.stats)) * 100
+            
+            # Calculate estimated completion time
+            estimated_completion_time = "N/A"
+            if avg_task_duration > 0 and self.urls_total > 0 and self.urls_completed > 0:
+                remaining_tasks = self.urls_total - self.urls_completed
+                estimated_seconds = remaining_tasks * avg_task_duration
+                estimated_completion_time = self._format_time(estimated_seconds)
+            
+            return {
+                "runtime": runtime,
+                "urls_total": self.urls_total,
+                "urls_completed": self.urls_completed,
+                "completion_percentage": completion_percentage,
+                "status_counts": self.status_counts.copy(),
+                "memory_status": self.memory_status,
+                "peak_memory_percent": self.peak_memory_percent,
+                "peak_memory_time": self.peak_memory_time,
+                "avg_task_duration": avg_task_duration,
+                "estimated_completion_time": estimated_completion_time,
+                "requeue_rate": requeue_rate,
+                "requeued_count": self.requeued_count
+            }
+    
+    def render(self):
+        """
+        Render the terminal UI.
+        
+        This is the main UI rendering loop that:
+        1. Updates all statistics
+        2. Formats the display
+        3. Renders the ASCII interface
+        4. Handles keyboard input
+        
+        Note: The actual rendering is handled by the TerminalUI class
+        which uses the rich library's Live display.
+        """
+        if self.enable_ui and self.terminal_ui:
+            # Force an update of the UI
+            if hasattr(self.terminal_ui, '_update_display'):
+                self.terminal_ui._update_display()
+    
+    def _format_time(self, seconds: float) -> str:
+        """
+        Format time in hours:minutes:seconds.
+        
+        Args:
+            seconds: Time in seconds
+            
+        Returns:
+            Formatted time string (e.g., "1:23:45")
+        """
+        delta = timedelta(seconds=int(seconds))
+        hours, remainder = divmod(delta.seconds, 3600)
+        minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
+        
+        if hours > 0:
+            return f"{hours}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
+        else:
+            return f"{minutes}:{seconds:02}"
+    
+    def _calculate_estimated_completion(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Calculate estimated completion time based on current progress.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Formatted time string
+        """
+        summary = self.get_summary()
+        return summary.get("estimated_completion_time", "N/A")
+
+
+# Example code for testing
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Initialize the monitor
+    monitor = CrawlerMonitor(urls_total=100)
+    
+    # Start monitoring
+    monitor.start()
+    
+    try:
+        # Simulate some tasks
+        for i in range(20):
+            task_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+            url = f"https://example.com/page{i}"
+            monitor.add_task(task_id, url)
+            
+            # Simulate 20% of tasks are already running
+            if i < 4:
+                monitor.update_task(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS,
+                    start_time=time.time() - 30,  # Started 30 seconds ago
+                    memory_usage=10.5
+                )
+                
+            # Simulate 10% of tasks are completed
+            if i >= 4 and i < 6:
+                start_time = time.time() - 60
+                end_time = time.time() - 15
+                monitor.update_task(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS,
+                    start_time=start_time,
+                    memory_usage=8.2
+                )
+                monitor.update_task(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    status=CrawlStatus.COMPLETED,
+                    end_time=end_time,
+                    memory_usage=0,
+                    peak_memory=15.7
+                )
+                
+            # Simulate 5% of tasks fail
+            if i >= 6 and i < 7:
+                start_time = time.time() - 45
+                end_time = time.time() - 20
+                monitor.update_task(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS,
+                    start_time=start_time,
+                    memory_usage=12.3
+                )
+                monitor.update_task(
+                    task_id=task_id,
+                    status=CrawlStatus.FAILED,
+                    end_time=end_time,
+                    memory_usage=0,
+                    peak_memory=18.2,
+                    error_message="Connection timeout"
+                )
+        
+        # Simulate memory pressure
+        monitor.update_memory_status("PRESSURE")
+        
+        # Simulate queue statistics
+        monitor.update_queue_statistics(
+            total_queued=16,  # 20 - 4 (in progress)
+            highest_wait_time=120.5,
+            avg_wait_time=60.2
+        )
+        
+        # Keep the monitor running for a demonstration
+        print("Crawler Monitor is running. Press 'q' to exit.")
+        while monitor.is_running:
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+            
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\nExiting crawler monitor...")
+    finally:
+        # Stop the monitor
+        monitor.stop()
+        print("Crawler monitor exited successfully.")

crawl4ai/config.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from dotenv import load_dotenv
 load_dotenv()  # Load environment variables from .env file
 
 # Default provider, ONLY used when the extraction strategy is LLMExtractionStrategy
-DEFAULT_PROVIDER = "openai/gpt-4o-mini"
+DEFAULT_PROVIDER = "openai/gpt-4o"
+DEFAULT_PROVIDER_API_KEY = "OPENAI_API_KEY"
 MODEL_REPO_BRANCH = "new-release-0.0.2"
 # Provider-model dictionary, ONLY used when the extraction strategy is LLMExtractionStrategy
 PROVIDER_MODELS = {
@@ -92,3 +93,46 @@ SHOW_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS = True
 SCREENSHOT_HEIGHT_TRESHOLD = 10000
 PAGE_TIMEOUT = 60000
 DOWNLOAD_PAGE_TIMEOUT = 60000
+
+# Global user settings with descriptions and default values
+USER_SETTINGS = {
+    "DEFAULT_LLM_PROVIDER": {
+        "default": "openai/gpt-4o",
+        "description": "Default LLM provider in 'company/model' format (e.g., 'openai/gpt-4o', 'anthropic/claude-3-sonnet')",
+        "type": "string"
+    },
+    "DEFAULT_LLM_PROVIDER_TOKEN": {
+        "default": "",
+        "description": "API token for the default LLM provider",
+        "type": "string",
+        "secret": True
+    },
+    "VERBOSE": {
+        "default": False,
+        "description": "Enable verbose output for all commands",
+        "type": "boolean"
+    },
+    "BROWSER_HEADLESS": {
+        "default": True,
+        "description": "Run browser in headless mode by default",
+        "type": "boolean"
+    },
+    "BROWSER_TYPE": {
+        "default": "chromium",
+        "description": "Default browser type (chromium or firefox)",
+        "type": "string",
+        "options": ["chromium", "firefox"]
+    },
+    "CACHE_MODE": {
+        "default": "bypass",
+        "description": "Default cache mode (bypass, use, or refresh)",
+        "type": "string",
+        "options": ["bypass", "use", "refresh"]
+    },
+    "USER_AGENT_MODE": {
+        "default": "default",
+        "description": "Default user agent mode (default, random, or mobile)",
+        "type": "string",
+        "options": ["default", "random", "mobile"]
+    }
+}

crawl4ai/crawlers/google_search/crawler.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from crawl4ai import BrowserConfig, AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig, CacheMode
 from crawl4ai.hub import BaseCrawler
-from crawl4ai.utils import optimize_html, get_home_folder
+from crawl4ai.utils import optimize_html, get_home_folder, preprocess_html_for_schema
 from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import JsonCssExtractionStrategy
 from pathlib import Path
 import json
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ class GoogleSearchCrawler(BaseCrawler):
         home_dir = get_home_folder() if not schema_cache_path else schema_cache_path
         os.makedirs(f"{home_dir}/schema", exist_ok=True)
 
-        cleaned_html = optimize_html(html, threshold=100)
+        # cleaned_html = optimize_html(html, threshold=100)
+        cleaned_html = preprocess_html_for_schema(html) 
 
         organic_schema = None
         if os.path.exists(f"{home_dir}/schema/organic_schema.json"):

crawl4ai/extraction_strategy.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
 import json
 import time
 
-from .prompts import PROMPT_EXTRACT_BLOCKS, PROMPT_EXTRACT_BLOCKS_WITH_INSTRUCTION, PROMPT_EXTRACT_SCHEMA_WITH_INSTRUCTION, JSON_SCHEMA_BUILDER_XPATH
+from .prompts import PROMPT_EXTRACT_BLOCKS, PROMPT_EXTRACT_BLOCKS_WITH_INSTRUCTION, PROMPT_EXTRACT_SCHEMA_WITH_INSTRUCTION, JSON_SCHEMA_BUILDER_XPATH, PROMPT_EXTRACT_INFERRED_SCHEMA
 from .config import (
     DEFAULT_PROVIDER, CHUNK_TOKEN_THRESHOLD,
     OVERLAP_RATE,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ from .model_loader import (
     calculate_batch_size
 )
 
-from .types import LLMConfig
+from .types import LLMConfig, create_llm_config
 
 from functools import partial
 import numpy as np
@@ -507,6 +507,7 @@ class LLMExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
         word_token_rate=WORD_TOKEN_RATE,
         apply_chunking=True,
         input_format: str = "markdown",
+        force_json_response=False,
         verbose=False,
         # Deprecated arguments
         provider: str = DEFAULT_PROVIDER,
@@ -527,9 +528,10 @@ class LLMExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
             overlap_rate: Overlap between chunks.
             word_token_rate: Word to token conversion rate.
             apply_chunking: Whether to apply chunking.
+            input_format: Content format to use for extraction.
+                            Options: "markdown" (default), "html", "fit_markdown"
+            force_json_response: Whether to force a JSON response from the LLM.
             verbose: Whether to print verbose output.
-            usages: List of individual token usages.
-            total_usage: Accumulated token usage.
 
             # Deprecated arguments, will be removed very soon
             provider: The provider to use for extraction. It follows the format <provider_name>/<model_name>, e.g., "ollama/llama3.3".
@@ -545,6 +547,7 @@ class LLMExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
         self.schema = schema
         if schema:
             self.extract_type = "schema"
+        self.force_json_response = force_json_response
         self.chunk_token_threshold = chunk_token_threshold or CHUNK_TOKEN_THRESHOLD
         self.overlap_rate = overlap_rate
         self.word_token_rate = word_token_rate
@@ -608,64 +611,97 @@ class LLMExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
             variable_values["SCHEMA"] = json.dumps(self.schema, indent=2) # if type of self.schema is dict else self.schema
             prompt_with_variables = PROMPT_EXTRACT_SCHEMA_WITH_INSTRUCTION
 
+        if self.extract_type == "schema" and not self.schema:
+            prompt_with_variables = PROMPT_EXTRACT_INFERRED_SCHEMA
+
         for variable in variable_values:
             prompt_with_variables = prompt_with_variables.replace(
                 "{" + variable + "}", variable_values[variable]
             )
 
-        response = perform_completion_with_backoff(
-            self.llm_config.provider,
-            prompt_with_variables,
-            self.llm_config.api_token,
-            base_url=self.llm_config.base_url,
-            extra_args=self.extra_args,
-        )  # , json_response=self.extract_type == "schema")
-        # Track usage
-        usage = TokenUsage(
-            completion_tokens=response.usage.completion_tokens,
-            prompt_tokens=response.usage.prompt_tokens,
-            total_tokens=response.usage.total_tokens,
-            completion_tokens_details=response.usage.completion_tokens_details.__dict__
-            if response.usage.completion_tokens_details
-            else {},
-            prompt_tokens_details=response.usage.prompt_tokens_details.__dict__
-            if response.usage.prompt_tokens_details
-            else {},
-        )
-        self.usages.append(usage)
-
-        # Update totals
-        self.total_usage.completion_tokens += usage.completion_tokens
-        self.total_usage.prompt_tokens += usage.prompt_tokens
-        self.total_usage.total_tokens += usage.total_tokens
-
         try:
-            blocks = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], response.choices[0].message.content)[
-                "blocks"
-            ]
-            blocks = json.loads(blocks)
-            for block in blocks:
-                block["error"] = False
-        except Exception:
-            parsed, unparsed = split_and_parse_json_objects(
-                response.choices[0].message.content
+            response = perform_completion_with_backoff(
+                self.llm_config.provider,
+                prompt_with_variables,
+                self.llm_config.api_token,
+                base_url=self.llm_config.base_url,
+                json_response=self.force_json_response,
+                extra_args=self.extra_args,
+            )  # , json_response=self.extract_type == "schema")
+            # Track usage
+            usage = TokenUsage(
+                completion_tokens=response.usage.completion_tokens,
+                prompt_tokens=response.usage.prompt_tokens,
+                total_tokens=response.usage.total_tokens,
+                completion_tokens_details=response.usage.completion_tokens_details.__dict__
+                if response.usage.completion_tokens_details
+                else {},
+                prompt_tokens_details=response.usage.prompt_tokens_details.__dict__
+                if response.usage.prompt_tokens_details
+                else {},
             )
-            blocks = parsed
-            if unparsed:
-                blocks.append(
-                    {"index": 0, "error": True, "tags": ["error"], "content": unparsed}
-                )
+            self.usages.append(usage)
 
-        if self.verbose:
-            print(
-                "[LOG] Extracted",
-                len(blocks),
-                "blocks from URL:",
-                url,
-                "block index:",
-                ix,
-            )
-        return blocks
+            # Update totals
+            self.total_usage.completion_tokens += usage.completion_tokens
+            self.total_usage.prompt_tokens += usage.prompt_tokens
+            self.total_usage.total_tokens += usage.total_tokens
+
+            try:
+                response = response.choices[0].message.content
+                blocks = None
+
+                if self.force_json_response:
+                    blocks = json.loads(response)
+                    if isinstance(blocks, dict):
+                        # If it has only one key which calue is list then assign that to blocks, exampled: {"news": [..]}
+                        if len(blocks) == 1 and isinstance(list(blocks.values())[0], list):
+                            blocks = list(blocks.values())[0]
+                        else:
+                            # If it has only one key which value is not list then assign that to blocks, exampled: { "article_id": "1234", ... }
+                            blocks = [blocks]
+                    elif isinstance(blocks, list):
+                        # If it is a list then assign that to blocks
+                        blocks = blocks
+                else: 
+                    # blocks = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], response.choices[0].message.content)["blocks"]
+                    blocks = extract_xml_data(["blocks"], response)["blocks"]
+                    blocks = json.loads(blocks)
+
+                for block in blocks:
+                    block["error"] = False
+            except Exception:
+                parsed, unparsed = split_and_parse_json_objects(
+                    response
+                )
+                blocks = parsed
+                if unparsed:
+                    blocks.append(
+                        {"index": 0, "error": True, "tags": ["error"], "content": unparsed}
+                    )
+
+            if self.verbose:
+                print(
+                    "[LOG] Extracted",
+                    len(blocks),
+                    "blocks from URL:",
+                    url,
+                    "block index:",
+                    ix,
+                )
+            return blocks
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print(f"[LOG] Error in LLM extraction: {e}")
+            # Add error information to extracted_content
+            return [
+                {
+                    "index": ix,
+                    "error": True,
+                    "tags": ["error"],
+                    "content": str(e),
+                }
+            ]
 
     def _merge(self, documents, chunk_token_threshold, overlap) -> List[str]:
         """
@@ -757,8 +793,6 @@ class LLMExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
 #######################################################
 # New extraction strategies for JSON-based extraction #
 #######################################################
-
-
 class JsonElementExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
     """
     Abstract base class for extracting structured JSON from HTML content.
@@ -1049,7 +1083,7 @@ class JsonElementExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
         schema_type: str = "CSS", # or XPATH
         query: str = None,
         target_json_example: str = None,
-        llm_config: 'LLMConfig' = None,
+        llm_config: 'LLMConfig' = create_llm_config(),
         provider: str = None,
         api_token: str = None,
         **kwargs
@@ -1081,7 +1115,7 @@ class JsonElementExtractionStrategy(ExtractionStrategy):
         # Build the prompt
         system_message = {
             "role": "system", 
-            "content": f"""You specialize in generating special JSON schemas for web scraping. This schema uses CSS or XPATH selectors to present a repetitive pattern in crawled HTML, such as a product in a product list or a search result item in a list of search results. You use this JSON schema to pass to a language model along with the HTML content to extract structured data from the HTML. The language model uses the JSON schema to extract data from the HTML and retrieve values for fields in the JSON schema, following the schema.
+            "content": f"""You specialize in generating special JSON schemas for web scraping. This schema uses CSS or XPATH selectors to present a repetitive pattern in crawled HTML, such as a product in a product list or a search result item in a list of search results. We use this JSON schema to pass to a language model along with the HTML content to extract structured data from the HTML. The language model uses the JSON schema to extract data from the HTML and retrieve values for fields in the JSON schema, following the schema.
 
 Generating this HTML manually is not feasible, so you need to generate the JSON schema using the HTML content. The HTML copied from the crawled website is provided below, which we believe contains the repetitive pattern.
 
@@ -1095,9 +1129,10 @@ Generating this HTML manually is not feasible, so you need to generate the JSON
 In this context, the following items may or may not be present:
 - Example of target JSON object: This is a sample of the final JSON object that we hope to extract from the HTML using the schema you are generating.
 - Extra Instructions: This is optional instructions to consider when generating the schema provided by the user.
+- Query or explanation of target/goal data item: This is a description of what data we are trying to extract from the HTML. This explanation means we're not sure about the rigid schema of the structures we want, so we leave it to you to use your expertise to create the best and most comprehensive structures aimed at maximizing data extraction from this page. You must ensure that you do not pick up nuances that may exist on a particular page. The focus should be on the data we are extracting, and it must be valid, safe, and robust based on the given HTML.
 
-# What if there is no example of target JSON object?
-In this scenario, use your best judgment to generate the schema. Try to maximize the number of fields that you can extract from the HTML.
+# What if there is no example of target JSON object and also no extra instructions or even no explanation of target/goal data item?
+In this scenario, use your best judgment to generate the schema. You need to examine the content of the page and understand the data it provides. If the page contains repetitive data, such as lists of items, products, jobs, places, books, or movies, focus on one single item that repeats. If the page is a detailed page about one product or item, create a schema to extract the entire structured data. At this stage, you must think and decide for yourself. Try to maximize the number of fields that you can extract from the HTML.
 
 # What are the instructions and details for this schema generation?
 {prompt_template}"""
@@ -1114,11 +1149,18 @@ In this scenario, use your best judgment to generate the schema. Try to maximize
         }
 
         if query:
-            user_message["content"] += f"\n\nImportant Notes to Consider:\n{query}"
+            user_message["content"] += f"\n\n## Query or explanation of target/goal data item:\n{query}"
         if target_json_example:
-            user_message["content"] += f"\n\nExample of target JSON object:\n{target_json_example}"
+            user_message["content"] += f"\n\n## Example of target JSON object:\n```json\n{target_json_example}\n```"
+
+        if query and not target_json_example:
+            user_message["content"] += """IMPORTANT: To remind you, in this process, we are not providing a rigid example of the adjacent objects we seek. We rely on your understanding of the explanation provided in the above section. Make sure to grasp what we are looking for and, based on that, create the best schema.."""
+        elif not query and target_json_example:
+            user_message["content"] += """IMPORTANT: Please remember that in this process, we provided a proper example of a target JSON object. Make sure to adhere to the structure and create a schema that exactly fits this example. If you find that some elements on the page do not match completely, vote for the majority."""
+        elif not query and not target_json_example:
+            user_message["content"] += """IMPORTANT: Since we neither have a query nor an example, it is crucial to rely solely on the HTML content provided. Leverage your expertise to determine the schema based on the repetitive patterns observed in the content."""
         
-        user_message["content"] += """IMPORTANT: Ensure your schema is reliable, meaning do not use selectors that seem to generate dynamically and are not reliable. A reliable schema is what you want, as it consistently returns the same data even after many reloads of the page.
+        user_message["content"] += """IMPORTANT: Ensure your schema remains reliable by avoiding selectors that appear to generate dynamically and are not dependable. You want a reliable schema, as it consistently returns the same data even after many page reloads.
 
         Analyze the HTML and generate a JSON schema that follows the specified format. Only output valid JSON schema, nothing else.
         """
@@ -1140,7 +1182,6 @@ In this scenario, use your best judgment to generate the schema. Try to maximize
         except Exception as e:
             raise Exception(f"Failed to generate schema: {str(e)}")
 
-
 class JsonCssExtractionStrategy(JsonElementExtractionStrategy):
     """
     Concrete implementation of `JsonElementExtractionStrategy` using CSS selectors.

crawl4ai/install.py

@@ -45,7 +45,35 @@ def post_install():
     setup_home_directory()
     install_playwright()
     run_migration()
+    # TODO: Will be added in the future
+    # setup_builtin_browser()
     logger.success("Post-installation setup completed!", tag="COMPLETE")
+    
+def setup_builtin_browser():
+    """Set up a builtin browser for use with Crawl4AI"""
+    try:
+        logger.info("Setting up builtin browser...", tag="INIT")
+        asyncio.run(_setup_builtin_browser())
+        logger.success("Builtin browser setup completed!", tag="COMPLETE")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Failed to set up builtin browser: {e}")
+        logger.warning("You can manually set up a builtin browser using 'crawl4ai-doctor builtin-browser-start'")
+    
+async def _setup_builtin_browser():
+    try:
+        # Import BrowserProfiler here to avoid circular imports
+        from .browser_profiler import BrowserProfiler
+        profiler = BrowserProfiler(logger=logger)
+        
+        # Launch the builtin browser
+        cdp_url = await profiler.launch_builtin_browser(headless=True)
+        if cdp_url:
+            logger.success(f"Builtin browser launched at {cdp_url}", tag="BROWSER")
+        else:
+            logger.warning("Failed to launch builtin browser", tag="BROWSER")
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Error setting up builtin browser: {e}", tag="BROWSER")
+        raise
 
 
 def install_playwright():

crawl4ai/models.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-from re import U
-from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl, PrivateAttr
+from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl, PrivateAttr, ConfigDict
 from typing import List, Dict, Optional, Callable, Awaitable, Union, Any
+from typing import AsyncGenerator
+from typing import Generic, TypeVar
 from enum import Enum
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from .ssl_certificate import SSLCertificate
@@ -28,7 +29,12 @@ class CrawlerTaskResult:
     start_time: Union[datetime, float]
     end_time: Union[datetime, float]
     error_message: str = ""
-
+    retry_count: int = 0
+    wait_time: float = 0.0
+    
+    @property
+    def success(self) -> bool:
+        return self.result.success
 
 class CrawlStatus(Enum):
     QUEUED = "QUEUED"
@@ -36,27 +42,6 @@ class CrawlStatus(Enum):
     COMPLETED = "COMPLETED"
     FAILED = "FAILED"
 
-
-# @dataclass
-# class CrawlStats:
-#     task_id: str
-#     url: str
-#     status: CrawlStatus
-#     start_time: Optional[datetime] = None
-#     end_time: Optional[datetime] = None
-#     memory_usage: float = 0.0
-#     peak_memory: float = 0.0
-#     error_message: str = ""
-
-#     @property
-#     def duration(self) -> str:
-#         if not self.start_time:
-#             return "0:00"
-#         end = self.end_time or datetime.now()
-#         duration = end - self.start_time
-#         return str(timedelta(seconds=int(duration.total_seconds())))
-
-
 @dataclass
 class CrawlStats:
     task_id: str
@@ -67,6 +52,9 @@ class CrawlStats:
     memory_usage: float = 0.0
     peak_memory: float = 0.0
     error_message: str = ""
+    wait_time: float = 0.0
+    retry_count: int = 0
+    counted_requeue: bool = False
 
     @property
     def duration(self) -> str:
@@ -103,12 +91,10 @@ class TokenUsage:
     completion_tokens_details: Optional[dict] = None
     prompt_tokens_details: Optional[dict] = None
 
-
 class UrlModel(BaseModel):
     url: HttpUrl
     forced: bool = False
 
-
 class MarkdownGenerationResult(BaseModel):
     raw_markdown: str
     markdown_with_citations: str
@@ -160,8 +146,9 @@ class CrawlResult(BaseModel):
     dispatch_result: Optional[DispatchResult] = None
     redirected_url: Optional[str] = None
 
-    class Config:
-        arbitrary_types_allowed = True
+    model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
+    # class Config:
+    #     arbitrary_types_allowed = True
 
 # NOTE: The StringCompatibleMarkdown class, custom __init__ method, property getters/setters,
 # and model_dump override all exist to support a smooth transition from markdown as a string
@@ -275,6 +262,40 @@ class StringCompatibleMarkdown(str):
     def __getattr__(self, name):
         return getattr(self._markdown_result, name)
 
+CrawlResultT = TypeVar('CrawlResultT', bound=CrawlResult)
+
+class CrawlResultContainer(Generic[CrawlResultT]):
+    def __init__(self, results: Union[CrawlResultT, List[CrawlResultT]]):
+        # Normalize to a list
+        if isinstance(results, list):
+            self._results = results
+        else:
+            self._results = [results]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._results)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self._results[index]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._results)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        # Delegate attribute access to the first element.
+        if self._results:
+            return getattr(self._results[0], attr)
+        raise AttributeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} object has no attribute '{attr}'")
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self._results!r})"
+
+RunManyReturn = Union[
+    CrawlResultContainer[CrawlResultT],
+    AsyncGenerator[CrawlResultT, None]
+]
+
+
 # END of backward compatibility code for markdown/markdown_v2.
 # When removing this code in the future, make sure to:
 # 1. Replace the private attribute and property with a standard field
@@ -292,9 +313,9 @@ class AsyncCrawlResponse(BaseModel):
     ssl_certificate: Optional[SSLCertificate] = None
     redirected_url: Optional[str] = None
 
-    class Config:
-        arbitrary_types_allowed = True
-
+    model_config = ConfigDict(arbitrary_types_allowed=True)
+    # class Config:
+    #     arbitrary_types_allowed = True
 
 ###############################
 # Scraping Models

crawl4ai/pipeline/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""Pipeline module providing high-level crawling functionality."""
+
+from .pipeline import Pipeline, create_pipeline
+from .crawler import Crawler
+
+__all__ = ["Pipeline", "create_pipeline", "Crawler"]

crawl4ai/pipeline/crawler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+"""Crawler utility class for simplified crawling operations.
+
+This module provides a high-level utility class for crawling web pages
+with support for both single and multiple URL processing.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, Callable
+
+from crawl4ai.models import CrawlResultContainer, CrawlResult
+from crawl4ai.pipeline.pipeline import create_pipeline
+from crawl4ai.async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from crawl4ai.async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from crawl4ai.browser.browser_hub import BrowserHub
+
+# Type definitions
+UrlList = List[str]
+UrlBatch = Tuple[List[str], CrawlerRunConfig]
+UrlFullBatch = Tuple[List[str], BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig]
+BatchType = Union[UrlList, UrlBatch, UrlFullBatch]
+ProgressCallback = Callable[[str, str, Optional[CrawlResultContainer]], None]
+RetryStrategy = Callable[[str, int, Exception], Tuple[bool, float]]
+
+class Crawler:
+    """High-level utility class for crawling web pages.
+    
+    This class provides simplified methods for crawling both single URLs
+    and batches of URLs, with parallel processing capabilities.
+    """
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def crawl(
+        cls, 
+        urls: Union[str, List[str]],
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        crawler_config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None,
+        browser_hub: Optional[BrowserHub] = None,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        max_retries: int = 0,
+        retry_delay: float = 1.0,
+        use_new_loop: bool = True  # By default use a new loop for safety
+    ) -> Union[CrawlResultContainer, Dict[str, CrawlResultContainer]]:
+        """Crawl one or more URLs with the specified configurations.
+        
+        Args:
+            urls: Single URL or list of URLs to crawl
+            browser_config: Optional browser configuration
+            crawler_config: Optional crawler run configuration
+            browser_hub: Optional shared browser hub
+            logger: Optional logger instance
+            max_retries: Maximum number of retries for failed requests
+            retry_delay: Delay between retries in seconds
+            
+        Returns:
+            For a single URL: CrawlResultContainer with crawl results
+            For multiple URLs: Dict mapping URLs to their CrawlResultContainer results
+        """
+        # Handle single URL case
+        if isinstance(urls, str):
+            return await cls._crawl_single_url(
+                urls,
+                browser_config,
+                crawler_config,
+                browser_hub,
+                logger,
+                max_retries,
+                retry_delay,
+                use_new_loop
+            )
+        
+        # Handle multiple URLs case (sequential processing)
+        results = {}
+        for url in urls:
+            results[url] = await cls._crawl_single_url(
+                url,
+                browser_config,
+                crawler_config,
+                browser_hub,
+                logger,
+                max_retries,
+                retry_delay,
+                use_new_loop
+            )
+        
+        return results
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def _crawl_single_url(
+        cls,
+        url: str,
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        crawler_config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None,
+        browser_hub: Optional[BrowserHub] = None,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        max_retries: int = 0,
+        retry_delay: float = 1.0,
+        use_new_loop: bool = False
+    ) -> CrawlResultContainer:
+        """Internal method to crawl a single URL with retry logic."""
+        # Create a logger if none provided
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True)
+            
+        # Create or use the provided crawler config
+        if crawler_config is None:
+            crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig()
+            
+        attempts = 0
+        last_error = None
+        
+        # For testing purposes, each crawler gets a new event loop to avoid conflicts
+        # This is especially important in test suites where multiple tests run in sequence
+        if use_new_loop:
+            old_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+            loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+            
+        while attempts <= max_retries:
+            try:
+                # Create a pipeline
+                pipeline_args = {}
+                if browser_config:
+                    pipeline_args["browser_config"] = browser_config
+                if browser_hub:
+                    pipeline_args["browser_hub"] = browser_hub
+                if logger:
+                    pipeline_args["logger"] = logger
+                    
+                pipeline = await create_pipeline(**pipeline_args)
+                
+                # Perform the crawl
+                result = await pipeline.crawl(url=url, config=crawler_config)
+                
+                # Close the pipeline if we created it (not using a shared hub)
+                if not browser_hub:
+                    await pipeline.close()
+                    
+                # Restore the original event loop if we created a new one
+                if use_new_loop:
+                    asyncio.set_event_loop(old_loop)
+                    loop.close()
+                    
+                return result
+                
+            except Exception as e:
+                last_error = e
+                attempts += 1
+                
+                if attempts <= max_retries:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        message="Crawl attempt {attempt} failed for {url}: {error}. Retrying in {delay}s...",
+                        tag="RETRY",
+                        params={
+                            "attempt": attempts,
+                            "url": url,
+                            "error": str(e),
+                            "delay": retry_delay
+                        }
+                    )
+                    await asyncio.sleep(retry_delay)
+                else:
+                    logger.error(
+                        message="All {attempts} crawl attempts failed for {url}: {error}",
+                        tag="FAILED",
+                        params={
+                            "attempts": attempts,
+                            "url": url,
+                            "error": str(e)
+                        }
+                    )
+        
+        # If we get here, all attempts failed
+        result = CrawlResultContainer(
+            CrawlResult(
+                url=url,
+                html="",
+                success=False,
+                error_message=f"All {attempts} crawl attempts failed: {str(last_error)}"
+            )
+        )
+        
+        # Restore the original event loop if we created a new one
+        if use_new_loop:
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(old_loop)
+            loop.close()
+            
+        return result
+    
+    @classmethod
+    async def parallel_crawl(
+        cls,
+        url_batches: Union[List[str], List[Union[UrlBatch, UrlFullBatch]]],
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        crawler_config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None,
+        browser_hub: Optional[BrowserHub] = None,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        concurrency: int = 5,
+        max_retries: int = 0,
+        retry_delay: float = 1.0,
+        retry_strategy: Optional[RetryStrategy] = None,
+        progress_callback: Optional[ProgressCallback] = None,
+        use_new_loop: bool = True  # By default use a new loop for safety
+    ) -> Dict[str, CrawlResultContainer]:
+        """Crawl multiple URLs in parallel with concurrency control.
+        
+        Args:
+            url_batches: List of URLs or list of URL batches with configurations
+            browser_config: Default browser configuration (used if not in batch)
+            crawler_config: Default crawler configuration (used if not in batch)
+            browser_hub: Optional shared browser hub for resource efficiency
+            logger: Optional logger instance
+            concurrency: Maximum number of concurrent crawls
+            max_retries: Maximum number of retries for failed requests
+            retry_delay: Delay between retries in seconds
+            retry_strategy: Optional custom retry strategy function
+            progress_callback: Optional callback for progress reporting
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dict mapping URLs to their CrawlResultContainer results
+        """
+        # Create a logger if none provided
+        if logger is None:
+            logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True)
+        
+        # For testing purposes, each crawler gets a new event loop to avoid conflicts
+        # This is especially important in test suites where multiple tests run in sequence
+        if use_new_loop:
+            old_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+            loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+            
+        # Process batches to consistent format
+        processed_batches = cls._process_url_batches(
+            url_batches, browser_config, crawler_config
+        )
+        
+        # Initialize results dictionary
+        results = {}
+        
+        # Create semaphore for concurrency control
+        semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(concurrency)
+        
+        # Create shared browser hub if not provided
+        shared_hub = browser_hub
+        if not shared_hub:
+            shared_hub = await BrowserHub.get_browser_manager(
+                config=browser_config or BrowserConfig(),
+                logger=logger,
+                max_browsers_per_config=concurrency,
+                max_pages_per_browser=1,
+                initial_pool_size=min(concurrency, 3)  # Start with a reasonable number
+            )
+        
+        try:
+            # Create worker function for each URL
+            async def process_url(url, b_config, c_config):
+                async with semaphore:
+                    # Report start if callback provided
+                    if progress_callback:
+                        await progress_callback("started", url)
+                    
+                    attempts = 0
+                    last_error = None
+                    
+                    while attempts <= max_retries:
+                        try:
+                            # Create a pipeline using the shared hub
+                            pipeline = await create_pipeline(
+                                browser_config=b_config,
+                                browser_hub=shared_hub,
+                                logger=logger
+                            )
+                            
+                            # Perform the crawl
+                            result = await pipeline.crawl(url=url, config=c_config)
+                            
+                            # Report completion if callback provided
+                            if progress_callback:
+                                await progress_callback("completed", url, result)
+                                
+                            return url, result
+                            
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            last_error = e
+                            attempts += 1
+                            
+                            # Determine if we should retry and with what delay
+                            should_retry = attempts <= max_retries
+                            delay = retry_delay
+                            
+                            # Use custom retry strategy if provided
+                            if retry_strategy and should_retry:
+                                try:
+                                    should_retry, delay = await retry_strategy(url, attempts, e)
+                                except Exception as strategy_error:
+                                    logger.error(
+                                        message="Error in retry strategy: {error}",
+                                        tag="RETRY",
+                                        params={"error": str(strategy_error)}
+                                    )
+                            
+                            if should_retry:
+                                logger.warning(
+                                    message="Crawl attempt {attempt} failed for {url}: {error}. Retrying in {delay}s...",
+                                    tag="RETRY",
+                                    params={
+                                        "attempt": attempts,
+                                        "url": url,
+                                        "error": str(e),
+                                        "delay": delay
+                                    }
+                                )
+                                await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+                            else:
+                                logger.error(
+                                    message="All {attempts} crawl attempts failed for {url}: {error}",
+                                    tag="FAILED",
+                                    params={
+                                        "attempts": attempts,
+                                        "url": url,
+                                        "error": str(e)
+                                    }
+                                )
+                                break
+                    
+                    # If we get here, all attempts failed
+                    error_result = CrawlResultContainer(
+                        CrawlResult(
+                            url=url,
+                            html="",
+                            success=False,
+                            error_message=f"All {attempts} crawl attempts failed: {str(last_error)}"
+                        )
+                    )
+                    
+                    # Report completion with error if callback provided
+                    if progress_callback:
+                        await progress_callback("completed", url, error_result)
+                        
+                    return url, error_result
+            
+            # Create tasks for all URLs
+            tasks = []
+            for urls, b_config, c_config in processed_batches:
+                for url in urls:
+                    tasks.append(process_url(url, b_config, c_config))
+            
+            # Run all tasks and collect results
+            for completed_task in asyncio.as_completed(tasks):
+                url, result = await completed_task
+                results[url] = result
+                
+            return results
+            
+        finally:
+            # Clean up the hub only if we created it
+            if not browser_hub and shared_hub:
+                await shared_hub.close()
+                
+            # Restore the original event loop if we created a new one
+            if use_new_loop:
+                asyncio.set_event_loop(old_loop)
+                loop.close()
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def _process_url_batches(
+        cls,
+        url_batches: Union[List[str], List[Union[UrlBatch, UrlFullBatch]]],
+        default_browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig],
+        default_crawler_config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig]
+    ) -> List[Tuple[List[str], BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig]]:
+        """Process URL batches into a consistent format.
+        
+        Converts various input formats into a consistent list of
+        (urls, browser_config, crawler_config) tuples.
+        """
+        processed_batches = []
+        
+        # Handle case where input is just a list of URLs
+        if all(isinstance(item, str) for item in url_batches):
+            urls = url_batches
+            browser_config = default_browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+            crawler_config = default_crawler_config or CrawlerRunConfig()
+            processed_batches.append((urls, browser_config, crawler_config))
+            return processed_batches
+        
+        # Process each batch
+        for batch in url_batches:
+            # Handle case: (urls, crawler_config)
+            if len(batch) == 2 and isinstance(batch[1], CrawlerRunConfig):
+                urls, c_config = batch
+                b_config = default_browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+                processed_batches.append((urls, b_config, c_config))
+                
+            # Handle case: (urls, browser_config, crawler_config)
+            elif len(batch) == 3 and isinstance(batch[1], BrowserConfig) and isinstance(batch[2], CrawlerRunConfig):
+                processed_batches.append(batch)
+                
+            # Fallback for unknown formats - assume it's just a list of URLs
+            else:
+                urls = batch
+                browser_config = default_browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+                crawler_config = default_crawler_config or CrawlerRunConfig()
+                processed_batches.append((urls, browser_config, crawler_config))
+                
+        return processed_batches

crawl4ai/pipeline/middlewares.py

@@ -0,0 +1,702 @@
+import time
+import sys
+from typing import Dict, Any, List
+import json
+
+from crawl4ai.models import (
+    CrawlResult,
+    MarkdownGenerationResult,
+    ScrapingResult,
+    CrawlResultContainer,
+)
+from crawl4ai.async_database import async_db_manager
+from crawl4ai.cache_context import CacheMode, CacheContext
+from crawl4ai.utils import (
+    sanitize_input_encode,
+    InvalidCSSSelectorError,
+    fast_format_html,
+    create_box_message,
+    get_error_context,
+)
+
+
+async def initialize_context_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Initialize the context with basic configuration and validation"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    
+    if not isinstance(url, str) or not url:
+        context["error_message"] = "Invalid URL, make sure the URL is a non-empty string"
+        return 0
+    
+    # Default to ENABLED if no cache mode specified
+    if config.cache_mode is None:
+        config.cache_mode = CacheMode.ENABLED
+    
+    # Create cache context
+    context["cache_context"] = CacheContext(url, config.cache_mode, False)
+    context["start_time"] = time.perf_counter()
+    
+    return 1
+
+# middlewares.py additions
+
+async def browser_hub_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """
+    Initialize or connect to a Browser-Hub and add it to the pipeline context.
+    
+    This middleware handles browser hub initialization for all three scenarios:
+    1. Default configuration when nothing is specified
+    2. Custom configuration when browser_config is provided
+    3. Connection to existing hub when browser_hub_connection is provided
+    
+    Args:
+        context: The pipeline context dictionary
+        
+    Returns:
+        int: 1 for success, 0 for failure
+    """
+    from crawl4ai.browser.browser_hub import BrowserHub
+    
+    try:
+        # Get configuration from context
+        browser_config = context.get("browser_config")
+        browser_hub_id = context.get("browser_hub_id")
+        browser_hub_connection = context.get("browser_hub_connection")
+        logger = context.get("logger")
+        
+        # If we already have a browser hub in context, use it
+        if context.get("browser_hub"):
+            return 1
+        
+        # Get or create Browser-Hub
+        browser_hub = await BrowserHub.get_browser_manager(
+            config=browser_config,
+            hub_id=browser_hub_id,
+            connection_info=browser_hub_connection,
+            logger=logger
+        )
+        
+        # Add to context
+        context["browser_hub"] = browser_hub
+        return 1
+    except Exception as e:
+        context["error_message"] = f"Failed to initialize browser hub: {str(e)}"
+        return 0
+
+
+async def fetch_content_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """
+    Fetch content from the web using the browser hub.
+    
+    This middleware uses the browser hub to get pages for crawling,
+    and properly releases them back to the pool when done.
+    
+    Args:
+        context: The pipeline context dictionary
+        
+    Returns:
+        int: 1 for success, 0 for failure
+    """
+    url = context.get("url")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    browser_hub = context.get("browser_hub")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Skip if using cached result
+    if context.get("cached_result") and context.get("html"):
+        return 1
+    
+    try:
+        # Create crawler strategy without initializing its browser manager
+        from crawl4ai.async_crawler_strategy import AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy
+        
+        crawler_strategy = AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(
+            browser_config=browser_hub.config if browser_hub else None,
+            logger=logger
+        )
+        
+        # Replace the browser manager with our shared instance
+        crawler_strategy.browser_manager = browser_hub
+        
+        # Perform crawl without trying to initialize the browser
+        # The crawler will use the provided browser_manager to get pages
+        async_response = await crawler_strategy.crawl(url, config=config)
+        
+        # Store results in context
+        context["html"] = async_response.html
+        context["screenshot_data"] = async_response.screenshot
+        context["pdf_data"] = async_response.pdf_data
+        context["js_execution_result"] = async_response.js_execution_result
+        context["async_response"] = async_response
+        
+        return 1
+    except Exception as e:
+        context["error_message"] = f"Error fetching content: {str(e)}"
+        return 0
+
+
+async def check_cache_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Check if there's a cached result and load it if available"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    cache_context = context.get("cache_context")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Initialize variables
+    context["cached_result"] = None
+    context["html"] = None
+    context["extracted_content"] = None
+    context["screenshot_data"] = None
+    context["pdf_data"] = None
+    
+    # Try to get cached result if appropriate
+    if cache_context.should_read():
+        cached_result = await async_db_manager.aget_cached_url(url)
+        context["cached_result"] = cached_result
+        
+        if cached_result:
+            html = sanitize_input_encode(cached_result.html)
+            extracted_content = sanitize_input_encode(cached_result.extracted_content or "")
+            extracted_content = None if not extracted_content or extracted_content == "[]" else extracted_content
+            
+            # If screenshot is requested but its not in cache, then set cache_result to None
+            screenshot_data = cached_result.screenshot
+            pdf_data = cached_result.pdf
+            
+            if config.screenshot and not screenshot_data:
+                context["cached_result"] = None
+            
+            if config.pdf and not pdf_data:
+                context["cached_result"] = None
+            
+            context["html"] = html
+            context["extracted_content"] = extracted_content
+            context["screenshot_data"] = screenshot_data
+            context["pdf_data"] = pdf_data
+            
+            logger.url_status(
+                url=cache_context.display_url,
+                success=bool(html),
+                timing=time.perf_counter() - context["start_time"],
+                tag="FETCH",
+            )
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def configure_proxy_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Configure proxy if a proxy rotation strategy is available"""
+    config = context.get("config")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Skip if using cached result
+    if context.get("cached_result") and context.get("html"):
+        return 1
+    
+    # Update proxy configuration from rotation strategy if available
+    if config and config.proxy_rotation_strategy:
+        next_proxy = await config.proxy_rotation_strategy.get_next_proxy()
+        if next_proxy:
+            logger.info(
+                message="Switch proxy: {proxy}",
+                tag="PROXY",
+                params={"proxy": next_proxy.server},
+            )
+            config.proxy_config = next_proxy
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def check_robots_txt_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Check if the URL is allowed by robots.txt if enabled"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    browser_config = context.get("browser_config")
+    robots_parser = context.get("robots_parser")
+    
+    # Skip if using cached result
+    if context.get("cached_result") and context.get("html"):
+        return 1
+    
+    # Check robots.txt if enabled
+    if config and config.check_robots_txt:
+        if not await robots_parser.can_fetch(url, browser_config.user_agent):
+            context["crawl_result"] = CrawlResult(
+                url=url,
+                html="",
+                success=False,
+                status_code=403,
+                error_message="Access denied by robots.txt",
+                response_headers={"X-Robots-Status": "Blocked by robots.txt"}
+            )
+            return 0
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def fetch_content_middleware_(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Fetch content from the web using the crawler strategy"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    crawler_strategy = context.get("crawler_strategy")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Skip if using cached result
+    if context.get("cached_result") and context.get("html"):
+        return 1
+    
+    try:
+        t1 = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        if config.user_agent:
+            crawler_strategy.update_user_agent(config.user_agent)
+        
+        # Call CrawlerStrategy.crawl
+        async_response = await crawler_strategy.crawl(url, config=config)
+        
+        html = sanitize_input_encode(async_response.html)
+        screenshot_data = async_response.screenshot
+        pdf_data = async_response.pdf_data
+        js_execution_result = async_response.js_execution_result
+        
+        t2 = time.perf_counter()
+        logger.url_status(
+            url=context["cache_context"].display_url,
+            success=bool(html),
+            timing=t2 - t1,
+            tag="FETCH",
+        )
+        
+        context["html"] = html
+        context["screenshot_data"] = screenshot_data
+        context["pdf_data"] = pdf_data
+        context["js_execution_result"] = js_execution_result
+        context["async_response"] = async_response
+        
+        return 1
+    except Exception as e:
+        context["error_message"] = f"Error fetching content: {str(e)}"
+        return 0
+
+
+async def scrape_content_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Apply scraping strategy to extract content"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    html = context.get("html")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    extracted_content = context.get("extracted_content")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Skip if already have a crawl result
+    if context.get("crawl_result"):
+        return 1
+    
+    try:
+        _url = url if not context.get("is_raw_html", False) else "Raw HTML"
+        t1 = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        # Get scraping strategy and ensure it has a logger
+        scraping_strategy = config.scraping_strategy
+        if not scraping_strategy.logger:
+            scraping_strategy.logger = logger
+        
+        # Process HTML content
+        params = config.__dict__.copy()
+        params.pop("url", None)
+        # Add keys from kwargs to params that don't exist in params
+        kwargs = context.get("kwargs", {})
+        params.update({k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k not in params.keys()})
+        
+        # Scraping Strategy Execution
+        result: ScrapingResult = scraping_strategy.scrap(url, html, **params)
+        
+        if result is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"Process HTML, Failed to extract content from the website: {url}")
+        
+        # Extract results - handle both dict and ScrapingResult
+        if isinstance(result, dict):
+            cleaned_html = sanitize_input_encode(result.get("cleaned_html", ""))
+            media = result.get("media", {})
+            links = result.get("links", {})
+            metadata = result.get("metadata", {})
+        else:
+            cleaned_html = sanitize_input_encode(result.cleaned_html)
+            media = result.media.model_dump()
+            links = result.links.model_dump()
+            metadata = result.metadata
+        
+        context["cleaned_html"] = cleaned_html
+        context["media"] = media
+        context["links"] = links
+        context["metadata"] = metadata
+        
+        # Log processing completion
+        logger.info(
+            message="{url:.50}... | Time: {timing}s",
+            tag="SCRAPE",
+            params={
+                "url": _url,
+                "timing": int((time.perf_counter() - t1) * 1000) / 1000,
+            },
+        )
+        
+        return 1
+    except InvalidCSSSelectorError as e:
+        context["error_message"] = str(e)
+        return 0
+    except Exception as e:
+        context["error_message"] = f"Process HTML, Failed to extract content from the website: {url}, error: {str(e)}"
+        return 0
+
+
+async def generate_markdown_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Generate markdown from cleaned HTML"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    cleaned_html = context.get("cleaned_html")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    
+    # Skip if already have a crawl result
+    if context.get("crawl_result"):
+        return 1
+    
+    # Generate Markdown
+    markdown_generator = config.markdown_generator
+    
+    markdown_result: MarkdownGenerationResult = markdown_generator.generate_markdown(
+        cleaned_html=cleaned_html,
+        base_url=url,
+    )
+    
+    context["markdown_result"] = markdown_result
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def extract_structured_content_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Extract structured content using extraction strategy"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    extracted_content = context.get("extracted_content")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    markdown_result = context.get("markdown_result")
+    cleaned_html = context.get("cleaned_html")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Skip if already have a crawl result or extracted content
+    if context.get("crawl_result") or bool(extracted_content):
+        return 1
+    
+    from crawl4ai.chunking_strategy import IdentityChunking
+    from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import NoExtractionStrategy
+    
+    if config.extraction_strategy and not isinstance(config.extraction_strategy, NoExtractionStrategy):
+        t1 = time.perf_counter()
+        _url = url if not context.get("is_raw_html", False) else "Raw HTML"
+        
+        # Choose content based on input_format
+        content_format = config.extraction_strategy.input_format
+        if content_format == "fit_markdown" and not markdown_result.fit_markdown:
+            logger.warning(
+                message="Fit markdown requested but not available. Falling back to raw markdown.",
+                tag="EXTRACT",
+                params={"url": _url},
+            )
+            content_format = "markdown"
+        
+        content = {
+            "markdown": markdown_result.raw_markdown,
+            "html": context.get("html"),
+            "cleaned_html": cleaned_html,
+            "fit_markdown": markdown_result.fit_markdown,
+        }.get(content_format, markdown_result.raw_markdown)
+        
+        # Use IdentityChunking for HTML input, otherwise use provided chunking strategy
+        chunking = (
+            IdentityChunking()
+            if content_format in ["html", "cleaned_html"]
+            else config.chunking_strategy
+        )
+        sections = chunking.chunk(content)
+        extracted_content = config.extraction_strategy.run(url, sections)
+        extracted_content = json.dumps(
+            extracted_content, indent=4, default=str, ensure_ascii=False
+        )
+        
+        context["extracted_content"] = extracted_content
+        
+        # Log extraction completion
+        logger.info(
+            message="Completed for {url:.50}... | Time: {timing}s",
+            tag="EXTRACT",
+            params={"url": _url, "timing": time.perf_counter() - t1},
+        )
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def format_html_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Format HTML if prettify is enabled"""
+    config = context.get("config")
+    cleaned_html = context.get("cleaned_html")
+    
+    # Skip if already have a crawl result
+    if context.get("crawl_result"):
+        return 1
+    
+    # Apply HTML formatting if requested
+    if config.prettiify and cleaned_html:
+        context["cleaned_html"] = fast_format_html(cleaned_html)
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def write_cache_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Write result to cache if appropriate"""
+    cache_context = context.get("cache_context")
+    cached_result = context.get("cached_result")
+    
+    # Skip if already have a crawl result or not using cache
+    if context.get("crawl_result") or not cache_context.should_write() or bool(cached_result):
+        return 1
+    
+    # We'll create the CrawlResult in build_result_middleware and cache it there
+    # to avoid creating it twice
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def build_result_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Build the final CrawlResult object"""
+    url = context.get("url")
+    html = context.get("html", "")
+    cache_context = context.get("cache_context")
+    cached_result = context.get("cached_result")
+    config = context.get("config")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # If we already have a crawl result (from an earlier middleware like robots.txt check)
+    if context.get("crawl_result"):
+        result = context["crawl_result"]
+        context["final_result"] = CrawlResultContainer(result)
+        return 1
+    
+    # If we have a cached result
+    if cached_result and html:
+        logger.success(
+            message="{url:.50}... | Status: {status} | Total: {timing}",
+            tag="COMPLETE",
+            params={
+                "url": cache_context.display_url,
+                "status": True,
+                "timing": f"{time.perf_counter() - context['start_time']:.2f}s",
+            },
+            colors={"status": "green", "timing": "yellow"},
+        )
+        
+        cached_result.success = bool(html)
+        cached_result.session_id = getattr(config, "session_id", None)
+        cached_result.redirected_url = cached_result.redirected_url or url
+        context["final_result"] = CrawlResultContainer(cached_result)
+        return 1
+    
+    # Build a new result
+    try:
+        # Get all necessary components from context
+        cleaned_html = context.get("cleaned_html", "")
+        markdown_result = context.get("markdown_result")
+        media = context.get("media", {})
+        links = context.get("links", {})
+        metadata = context.get("metadata", {})
+        screenshot_data = context.get("screenshot_data")
+        pdf_data = context.get("pdf_data")
+        extracted_content = context.get("extracted_content")
+        async_response = context.get("async_response")
+        
+        # Create the CrawlResult
+        crawl_result = CrawlResult(
+            url=url,
+            html=html,
+            cleaned_html=cleaned_html,
+            markdown=markdown_result,
+            media=media,
+            links=links,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            screenshot=screenshot_data,
+            pdf=pdf_data,
+            extracted_content=extracted_content,
+            success=bool(html),
+            error_message="",
+        )
+        
+        # Add response details if available
+        if async_response:
+            crawl_result.status_code = async_response.status_code
+            crawl_result.redirected_url = async_response.redirected_url or url
+            crawl_result.response_headers = async_response.response_headers
+            crawl_result.downloaded_files = async_response.downloaded_files
+            crawl_result.js_execution_result = context.get("js_execution_result")
+            crawl_result.ssl_certificate = async_response.ssl_certificate
+        
+        crawl_result.session_id = getattr(config, "session_id", None)
+        
+        # Log completion
+        logger.success(
+            message="{url:.50}... | Status: {status} | Total: {timing}",
+            tag="COMPLETE",
+            params={
+                "url": cache_context.display_url,
+                "status": crawl_result.success,
+                "timing": f"{time.perf_counter() - context['start_time']:.2f}s",
+            },
+            colors={
+                "status": "green" if crawl_result.success else "red",
+                "timing": "yellow",
+            },
+        )
+        
+        # Update cache if appropriate
+        if cache_context.should_write() and not bool(cached_result):
+            await async_db_manager.acache_url(crawl_result)
+        
+        context["final_result"] = CrawlResultContainer(crawl_result)
+        return 1
+    except Exception as e:
+        error_context = get_error_context(sys.exc_info())
+        
+        error_message = (
+            f"Unexpected error in build_result at line {error_context['line_no']} "
+            f"in {error_context['function']} ({error_context['filename']}):\n"
+            f"Error: {str(e)}\n\n"
+            f"Code context:\n{error_context['code_context']}"
+        )
+        
+        logger.error_status(
+            url=url,
+            error=create_box_message(error_message, type="error"),
+            tag="ERROR",
+        )
+        
+        context["final_result"] = CrawlResultContainer(
+            CrawlResult(
+                url=url, html="", success=False, error_message=error_message
+            )
+        )
+        return 1
+
+
+async def handle_error_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Error handler middleware"""
+    url = context.get("url", "")
+    error_message = context.get("error_message", "Unknown error")
+    logger = context.get("logger")
+    
+    # Log the error
+    if logger:
+        logger.error_status(
+            url=url,
+            error=create_box_message(error_message, type="error"),
+            tag="ERROR",
+        )
+    
+    # Create a failure result
+    context["final_result"] = CrawlResultContainer(
+        CrawlResult(
+            url=url, html="", success=False, error_message=error_message
+        )
+    )
+    
+    return context
+
+
+# Custom middlewares as requested
+
+async def sentiment_analysis_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> int:
+    """Analyze sentiment of generated markdown using TextBlob"""
+    from textblob import TextBlob
+    
+    markdown_result = context.get("markdown_result")
+    
+    # Skip if no markdown or already failed
+    if not markdown_result or not context.get("success", True):
+        return 1
+    
+    try:
+        # Get raw markdown text
+        raw_markdown = markdown_result.raw_markdown
+        
+        # Analyze sentiment
+        blob = TextBlob(raw_markdown)
+        sentiment = blob.sentiment
+        
+        # Add sentiment to context
+        context["sentiment_analysis"] = {
+            "polarity": sentiment.polarity,  # -1.0 to 1.0 (negative to positive)
+            "subjectivity": sentiment.subjectivity,  # 0.0 to 1.0 (objective to subjective)
+            "classification": "positive" if sentiment.polarity > 0.1 else 
+                             "negative" if sentiment.polarity < -0.1 else "neutral"
+        }
+        
+        return 1
+    except Exception as e:
+        # Don't fail the pipeline on sentiment analysis failure
+        context["sentiment_analysis_error"] = str(e)
+        return 1
+
+
+async def log_timing_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any], name: str) -> int:
+    """Log timing information for a specific point in the pipeline"""
+    context[f"_timing_mark_{name}"] = time.perf_counter()
+    
+    # Calculate duration if we have a start time
+    start_key = f"_timing_start_{name}"
+    if start_key in context:
+        duration = context[f"_timing_mark_{name}"] - context[start_key]
+        context[f"_timing_duration_{name}"] = duration
+        
+        # Log the timing if we have a logger
+        logger = context.get("logger")
+        if logger:
+            logger.info(
+                message="{name} completed in {duration:.2f}s",
+                tag="TIMING",
+                params={"name": name, "duration": duration},
+            )
+    
+    return 1
+
+
+async def validate_url_middleware(context: Dict[str, Any], patterns: List[str]) -> int:
+    """Validate URL against glob patterns"""
+    import fnmatch
+    url = context.get("url", "")
+    
+    # If no patterns provided, allow all
+    if not patterns:
+        return 1
+    
+    # Check if URL matches any of the allowed patterns
+    for pattern in patterns:
+        if fnmatch.fnmatch(url, pattern):
+            return 1
+    
+    # If we get here, URL didn't match any patterns
+    context["error_message"] = f"URL '{url}' does not match any allowed patterns"
+    return 0
+
+
+# Update the default middleware list function
+def create_default_middleware_list():
+    """Return the default list of middleware functions for the pipeline."""
+    return [
+        initialize_context_middleware,
+        check_cache_middleware,
+        browser_hub_middleware,  # Add browser hub middleware before fetch_content
+        configure_proxy_middleware,
+        check_robots_txt_middleware,
+        fetch_content_middleware,
+        scrape_content_middleware,
+        generate_markdown_middleware,
+        extract_structured_content_middleware,
+        format_html_middleware,
+        build_result_middleware
+    ]

crawl4ai/pipeline/pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+
+import time
+import asyncio
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Any, Optional, Awaitable, Union, TypedDict, Tuple, Coroutine
+
+from .middlewares import create_default_middleware_list, handle_error_middleware
+from crawl4ai.models import CrawlResultContainer, CrawlResult
+from crawl4ai.async_crawler_strategy import AsyncCrawlerStrategy, AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy
+from crawl4ai.async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from crawl4ai.async_logger import AsyncLogger
+
+
+class CrawlSpec(TypedDict, total=False):
+    """Specification for a single crawl operation in batch_crawl."""
+    url: str
+    config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig]
+    browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig]
+
+class BatchStatus(TypedDict, total=False):
+    """Status information for batch crawl operations."""
+    total: int
+    processed: int
+    succeeded: int
+    failed: int
+    in_progress: int
+    duration: float
+    
+class Pipeline:
+    """
+    A pipeline processor that executes a series of async middleware functions.
+    Each middleware function receives a context dictionary, updates it,
+    and returns 1 for success or 0 for failure.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, 
+        middleware: List[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[int]]] = None,
+        error_handler: Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[Dict[str, Any]]]] = None,
+        after_middleware_callback: Optional[Callable[[str, Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]] = None,
+        crawler_strategy: Optional[AsyncCrawlerStrategy] = None,
+        browser_config: Optional[BrowserConfig] = None,
+        logger: Optional[AsyncLogger] = None,
+        _initial_context: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ):
+        self.middleware = middleware or create_default_middleware_list()
+        self.error_handler = error_handler or handle_error_middleware
+        self.after_middleware_callback = after_middleware_callback
+        self.browser_config = browser_config or BrowserConfig()
+        self.logger = logger or AsyncLogger(verbose=self.browser_config.verbose)
+        self.crawler_strategy = crawler_strategy or AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(
+            browser_config=self.browser_config,
+            logger=self.logger
+        )
+        self._initial_context = _initial_context
+        self._strategy_initialized = False
+    
+    async def _initialize_strategy__(self):
+        """Initialize the crawler strategy if not already initialized"""
+        if not self.crawler_strategy:
+            self.crawler_strategy = AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy(
+                browser_config=self.browser_config,
+                logger=self.logger
+            )
+        
+        if not self._strategy_initialized:
+            await self.crawler_strategy.__aenter__()
+            self._strategy_initialized = True
+    
+    async def _initialize_strategy(self):
+        """Initialize the crawler strategy if not already initialized"""
+        # With our new approach, we don't need to create the crawler strategy here
+        # as it will be created on-demand in fetch_content_middleware
+        
+        # Just ensure browser hub is available if needed
+        if hasattr(self, "_initial_context") and "browser_hub" not in self._initial_context:
+            # If a browser_config was provided but no browser_hub yet, 
+            # we'll let the browser_hub_middleware handle creating it
+            pass
+        
+        # Mark as initialized to prevent repeated initialization attempts
+        self._strategy_initialized = True
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start the crawler strategy and prepare it for use"""
+        if not self._strategy_initialized:
+            await self._initialize_strategy()
+            self._strategy_initialized = True
+        if self.crawler_strategy:
+            await self.crawler_strategy.__aenter__()
+            self._strategy_initialized = True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Crawler strategy is not initialized.")
+    
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the crawler strategy and clean up resources"""
+        await self.stop()
+
+    async def stop(self):
+        """Close the crawler strategy and clean up resources"""
+        if self._strategy_initialized and self.crawler_strategy:
+            await self.crawler_strategy.__aexit__(None, None, None)
+            self._strategy_initialized = False
+    
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        await self.start()
+        return self
+    
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        await self.close()
+    
+    async def crawl(self, url: str, config: Optional[CrawlerRunConfig] = None, **kwargs) -> CrawlResultContainer:
+        """
+        Crawl a URL and process it through the pipeline.
+        
+        Args:
+            url: The URL to crawl
+            config: Optional configuration for the crawl
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments to pass to the middleware
+            
+        Returns:
+            CrawlResultContainer: The result of the crawl
+        """
+        # Initialize strategy if needed
+        await self._initialize_strategy()
+        
+        # Create the initial context
+        context = {
+            "url": url,
+            "config": config or CrawlerRunConfig(),
+            "browser_config": self.browser_config,
+            "logger": self.logger,
+            "crawler_strategy": self.crawler_strategy,
+            "kwargs": kwargs
+        }
+        
+        # Process the pipeline
+        result_context = await self.process(context)
+        
+        # Return the final result
+        return result_context.get("final_result")
+    
+    async def process(self, initial_context: Dict[str, Any] = None) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Process all middleware functions with the given context.
+        
+        Args:
+            initial_context: Initial context dictionary, defaults to empty dict
+            
+        Returns:
+            Updated context dictionary after all middleware have been processed
+        """
+        context = {**self._initial_context}
+        if initial_context:
+            context.update(initial_context)
+        
+        # Record pipeline start time
+        context["_pipeline_start_time"] = time.perf_counter()
+        
+        for middleware_fn in self.middleware:
+            # Get middleware name for logging
+            middleware_name = getattr(middleware_fn, '__name__', str(middleware_fn))
+            
+            # Record start time for this middleware
+            start_time = time.perf_counter()
+            context[f"_timing_start_{middleware_name}"] = start_time
+            
+            try:
+                # Execute middleware (all middleware functions are async)
+                result = await middleware_fn(context)
+                
+                # Record completion time
+                end_time = time.perf_counter()
+                context[f"_timing_end_{middleware_name}"] = end_time
+                context[f"_timing_duration_{middleware_name}"] = end_time - start_time
+                
+                # Execute after-middleware callback if provided
+                if self.after_middleware_callback:
+                    await self.after_middleware_callback(middleware_name, context)
+                
+                # Convert boolean returns to int (True->1, False->0)
+                if isinstance(result, bool):
+                    result = 1 if result else 0
+                
+                # Handle failure
+                if result == 0:
+                    if self.error_handler:
+                        context["_error_in"] = middleware_name
+                        context["_error_at"] = time.perf_counter()
+                        return await self._handle_error(context)
+                    else:
+                        context["success"] = False
+                        context["error_message"] = f"Pipeline failed at {middleware_name}"
+                        break
+            except Exception as e:
+                # Record error information
+                context["_error_in"] = middleware_name
+                context["_error_at"] = time.perf_counter()
+                context["_exception"] = e
+                context["success"] = False
+                context["error_message"] = f"Exception in {middleware_name}: {str(e)}"
+                
+                # Call error handler if available
+                if self.error_handler:
+                    return await self._handle_error(context)
+                break
+        
+        # Record pipeline completion time
+        pipeline_end_time = time.perf_counter()
+        context["_pipeline_end_time"] = pipeline_end_time
+        context["_pipeline_duration"] = pipeline_end_time - context["_pipeline_start_time"]
+        
+        # Set success to True if not already set (no failures)
+        if "success" not in context:
+            context["success"] = True
+        
+        return context
+    
+    async def _handle_error(self, context: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Handle errors by calling the error handler"""
+        try:
+            return await self.error_handler(context)
+        except Exception as e:
+            # If error handler fails, update context with this new error
+            context["_error_handler_exception"] = e
+            context["error_message"] = f"Error handler failed: {str(e)}"
+            return context
+
+
+
+async def create_pipeline(
+    middleware_list=None, 
+    error_handler=None,
+    after_middleware_callback=None,
+    browser_config=None,
+    browser_hub_id=None,
+    browser_hub_connection=None,
+    browser_hub=None,
+    logger=None
+) -> Pipeline:
+    """
+    Factory function to create a pipeline with Browser-Hub integration.
+    
+    Args:
+        middleware_list: List of middleware functions
+        error_handler: Error handler middleware
+        after_middleware_callback: Callback after middleware execution
+        browser_config: Configuration for the browser
+        browser_hub_id: ID for browser hub instance
+        browser_hub_connection: Connection string for existing browser hub
+        browser_hub: Existing browser hub instance to use
+        logger: Logger instance
+        
+    Returns:
+        Pipeline: Configured pipeline instance
+    """
+    # Use default middleware list if none provided
+    middleware = middleware_list or create_default_middleware_list()
+    
+    # Create the pipeline
+    pipeline = Pipeline(
+        middleware=middleware,
+        error_handler=error_handler,
+        after_middleware_callback=after_middleware_callback,
+        logger=logger
+    )
+    
+    # Set browser-related attributes in the initial context
+    pipeline._initial_context = {
+        "browser_config": browser_config,
+        "browser_hub_id": browser_hub_id,
+        "browser_hub_connection": browser_hub_connection,
+        "browser_hub": browser_hub,
+        "logger": logger
+    }
+    
+    return pipeline
+
+
+
+
+# async def create_pipeline(
+#     middleware_list: Optional[List[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[int]]]] = None, 
+#     error_handler: Optional[Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[Dict[str, Any]]]] = None,
+#     after_middleware_callback: Optional[Callable[[str, Dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]] = None,
+#     crawler_strategy = None,
+#     browser_config = None,
+#     logger = None
+# ) -> Pipeline:
+#     """Factory function to create a pipeline with the given middleware"""
+#     return Pipeline(
+#         middleware=middleware_list,
+#         error_handler=error_handler,
+#         after_middleware_callback=after_middleware_callback,
+#         crawler_strategy=crawler_strategy,
+#         browser_config=browser_config,
+#         logger=logger
+#     )

crawl4ai/pipeline/test_pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import asyncio
+from crawl4ai import (
+    BrowserConfig,
+    CrawlerRunConfig,
+    CacheMode,
+    DefaultMarkdownGenerator,
+    PruningContentFilter
+)
+from pipeline import Pipeline
+
+async def main():
+    # Create configuration objects
+    browser_config = BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=True)
+    crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
+        cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
+        markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
+            content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
+                threshold=0.48, 
+                threshold_type="fixed", 
+                min_word_threshold=0
+            )
+        ),
+    )
+    
+    # Create and use pipeline with context manager
+    async with Pipeline(browser_config=browser_config) as pipeline:
+        result = await pipeline.crawl(
+            url="https://www.example.com", 
+            config=crawler_config
+        )
+        
+        # Print the result
+        print(f"URL: {result.url}")
+        print(f"Success: {result.success}")
+        
+        if result.success:
+            print("\nMarkdown excerpt:")
+            print(result.markdown.raw_markdown[:500] + "...")
+        else:
+            print(f"Error: {result.error_message}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())
+
+
+class CrawlTarget:
+    def __init__(self, urls, config=None):
+        self.urls = urls
+        self.config = config
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"CrawlTarget(urls={self.urls}, config={self.config})"
+    
+
+
+
+# async def main():
+#     # Create configuration objects
+#     browser_config = BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=True)
+    
+#     # Define different configurations
+#     config1 = CrawlerRunConfig(
+#         cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
+#         markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
+#             content_filter=PruningContentFilter(threshold=0.48)
+#         ),
+#     )
+    
+#     config2 = CrawlerRunConfig(
+#         cache_mode=CacheMode.ENABLED,
+#         screenshot=True,
+#         pdf=True
+#     )
+    
+#     # Create crawl targets
+#     targets = [
+#         CrawlTarget(
+#             urls=["https://www.example.com", "https://www.wikipedia.org"],
+#             config=config1
+#         ),
+#         CrawlTarget(
+#             urls="https://news.ycombinator.com",  
+#             config=config2
+#         ),
+#         CrawlTarget(
+#             urls=["https://github.com", "https://stackoverflow.com", "https://python.org"],
+#             config=None
+#         )
+#     ]
+    
+#     # Create and use pipeline with context manager
+#     async with Pipeline(browser_config=browser_config) as pipeline:
+#         all_results = await pipeline.crawl_batch(targets)
+        
+#         for target_key, results in all_results.items():
+#             print(f"\n===== Results for {target_key} =====")
+#             print(f"Number of URLs crawled: {len(results)}")
+            
+#             for i, result in enumerate(results):
+#                 print(f"\nURL {i+1}: {result.url}")
+#                 print(f"Success: {result.success}")
+                
+#                 if result.success:
+#                     print(f"Content length: {len(result.markdown.raw_markdown)} chars")
+#                 else:
+#                     print(f"Error: {result.error_message}")
+
+# if __name__ == "__main__":
+#     asyncio.run(main())

crawl4ai/prompts.py

@@ -203,6 +203,62 @@ Avoid Common Mistakes:
 Result
 Output the final list of JSON objects, wrapped in <blocks>...</blocks> XML tags. Make sure to close the tag properly."""
 
+PROMPT_EXTRACT_INFERRED_SCHEMA = """Here is the content from the URL:
+<url>{URL}</url>
+
+<url_content>
+{HTML}
+</url_content>
+
+Please carefully read the URL content and the user's request. Analyze the page structure and infer the most appropriate JSON schema based on the content and request.
+
+Extraction Strategy:
+1. First, determine if the page contains repetitive items (like multiple products, articles, etc.) or a single content item (like a single article or page).
+2. For repetitive items: Identify the common pattern and extract each instance as a separate JSON object in an array.
+3. For single content: Extract the key information into a comprehensive JSON object that captures the essential details.
+
+Extraction instructions:
+Return the extracted information as a list of JSON objects. For repetitive content, each object in the list should correspond to a distinct item. For single content, you may return just one detailed JSON object. Wrap the entire JSON list in <blocks>...</blocks> XML tags.
+
+Schema Design Guidelines:
+- Create meaningful property names that clearly describe the data they contain
+- Use nested objects for hierarchical information
+- Use arrays for lists of related items
+- Include all information requested by the user
+- Maintain consistency in property names and data structures
+- Only include properties that are actually present in the content
+- For dates, prefer ISO format (YYYY-MM-DD)
+- For prices or numeric values, extract them without currency symbols when possible
+
+Quality Reflection:
+Before outputting your final answer, double check that:
+1. The inferred schema makes logical sense for the type of content
+2. All requested information is included
+3. The JSON is valid and could be parsed without errors
+4. Property names are consistent and descriptive
+5. The structure is optimal for the type of data being represented
+
+Avoid Common Mistakes:
+- Do NOT add any comments using "//" or "#" in the JSON output. It causes parsing errors.
+- Make sure the JSON is properly formatted with curly braces, square brackets, and commas in the right places.
+- Do not miss closing </blocks> tag at the end of the JSON output.
+- Do not generate Python code showing how to do the task; this is your task to extract the information and return it in JSON format.
+- Ensure consistency in property names across all objects
+- Don't include empty properties or null values unless they're meaningful
+- For repetitive content, ensure all objects follow the same schema
+
+Important: If user specific instruction is provided, then stress significantly on what user is requesting and describing about the schema of end result (if any). If user is requesting to extract specific information, then focus on that and ignore the rest of the content.
+<user_request>
+{REQUEST}
+</user_request>
+
+Result:
+Output the final list of JSON objects, wrapped in <blocks>...</blocks> XML tags. Make sure to close the tag properly.
+
+DO NOT ADD ANY PRE OR POST COMMENTS. JUST RETURN THE JSON OBJECTS INSIDE <blocks>...</blocks> TAGS.
+
+CRITICAL: The content inside the <blocks> tags MUST be a direct array of JSON objects (starting with '[' and ending with ']'), not a dictionary/object containing an array. For example, use <blocks>[{...}, {...}]</blocks> instead of <blocks>{"items": [{...}, {...}]}</blocks>. This is essential for proper parsing.
+"""
 
 PROMPT_FILTER_CONTENT = """Your task is to filter and convert HTML content into clean, focused markdown that's optimized for use with LLMs and information retrieval systems.
 

crawl4ai/types.py

@@ -178,4 +178,10 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
         BestFirstCrawlingStrategy as BestFirstCrawlingStrategyType,
         DFSDeepCrawlStrategy as DFSDeepCrawlStrategyType,
         DeepCrawlDecorator as DeepCrawlDecoratorType,
-    )
+    )
+
+
+
+def create_llm_config(*args, **kwargs) -> 'LLMConfigType':
+    from .async_configs import LLMConfig
+    return LLMConfig(*args, **kwargs)

crawl4ai/utils.py

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import cProfile
 import pstats
 from functools import wraps
 import asyncio
-
+from lxml import etree, html as lhtml
 import sqlite3
 import hashlib
 
@@ -1551,7 +1551,7 @@ def extract_xml_tags(string):
     return list(set(tags))
 
 
-def extract_xml_data(tags, string):
+def extract_xml_data_legacy(tags, string):
     """
     Extract data for specified XML tags from a string.
 
@@ -1580,6 +1580,38 @@ def extract_xml_data(tags, string):
 
     return data
 
+def extract_xml_data(tags, string):
+    """
+    Extract data for specified XML tags from a string, returning the longest content for each tag.
+
+    How it works:
+    1. Finds all occurrences of each tag in the string using regex.
+    2. For each tag, selects the occurrence with the longest content.
+    3. Returns a dictionary of tag-content pairs.
+
+    Args:
+        tags (List[str]): The list of XML tags to extract.
+        string (str): The input string containing XML data.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dict[str, str]: A dictionary with tag names as keys and longest extracted content as values.
+    """
+
+    data = {}
+
+    for tag in tags:
+        pattern = f"<{tag}>(.*?)</{tag}>"
+        matches = re.findall(pattern, string, re.DOTALL)
+        
+        if matches:
+            # Find the longest content for this tag
+            longest_content = max(matches, key=len).strip()
+            data[tag] = longest_content
+        else:
+            data[tag] = ""
+
+    return data
+
 
 def perform_completion_with_backoff(
     provider,
@@ -1648,6 +1680,19 @@ def perform_completion_with_backoff(
                         "content": ["Rate limit error. Please try again later."],
                     }
                 ]
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise e  # Raise any other exceptions immediately
+            # print("Error during completion request:", str(e))
+            # error_message = e.message
+            # return [
+            #     {
+            #         "index": 0,
+            #         "tags": ["error"],
+            #         "content": [
+            #             f"Error during LLM completion request. {error_message}"
+            #         ],
+            #     }
+            # ]
 
 
 def extract_blocks(url, html, provider=DEFAULT_PROVIDER, api_token=None, base_url=None):
@@ -2617,3 +2662,116 @@ class HeadPeekr:
     def get_title(head_content: str):
         title_match = re.search(r'<title>(.*?)</title>', head_content, re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)
         return title_match.group(1) if title_match else None
+
+def preprocess_html_for_schema(html_content, text_threshold=100, attr_value_threshold=200, max_size=100000):
+    """
+    Preprocess HTML to reduce size while preserving structure for schema generation.
+    
+    Args:
+        html_content (str): Raw HTML content
+        text_threshold (int): Maximum length for text nodes before truncation
+        attr_value_threshold (int): Maximum length for attribute values before truncation
+        max_size (int): Target maximum size for output HTML
+        
+    Returns:
+        str: Preprocessed HTML content
+    """
+    try:
+        # Parse HTML with error recovery
+        parser = etree.HTMLParser(remove_comments=True, remove_blank_text=True)
+        tree = lhtml.fromstring(html_content, parser=parser)
+        
+        # 1. Remove HEAD section (keep only BODY)
+        head_elements = tree.xpath('//head')
+        for head in head_elements:
+            if head.getparent() is not None:
+                head.getparent().remove(head)
+        
+        # 2. Define tags to remove completely
+        tags_to_remove = [
+            'script', 'style', 'noscript', 'iframe', 'canvas', 'svg',
+            'video', 'audio', 'source', 'track', 'map', 'area'
+        ]
+        
+        # Remove unwanted elements
+        for tag in tags_to_remove:
+            elements = tree.xpath(f'//{tag}')
+            for element in elements:
+                if element.getparent() is not None:
+                    element.getparent().remove(element)
+        
+        # 3. Process remaining elements to clean attributes and truncate text
+        for element in tree.iter():
+            # Skip if we're at the root level
+            if element.getparent() is None:
+                continue
+                
+            # Clean non-essential attributes but preserve structural ones
+            # attribs_to_keep = {'id', 'class', 'name', 'href', 'src', 'type', 'value', 'data-'}
+
+            # This is more aggressive than the previous version
+            attribs_to_keep = {'id', 'class', 'name', 'type', 'value'}
+
+            # attributes_hates_truncate = ['id', 'class', "data-"]
+
+            # This means, I don't care, if an attribute is too long, truncate it, go and find a better css selector to build a schema
+            attributes_hates_truncate = []
+            
+            # Process each attribute
+            for attrib in list(element.attrib.keys()):
+                # Keep if it's essential or starts with data-
+                if not (attrib in attribs_to_keep or attrib.startswith('data-')):
+                    element.attrib.pop(attrib)
+                # Truncate long attribute values except for selectors
+                elif attrib not in attributes_hates_truncate and len(element.attrib[attrib]) > attr_value_threshold:
+                    element.attrib[attrib] = element.attrib[attrib][:attr_value_threshold] + '...'
+            
+            # Truncate text content if it's too long
+            if element.text and len(element.text.strip()) > text_threshold:
+                element.text = element.text.strip()[:text_threshold] + '...'
+                
+            # Also truncate tail text if present
+            if element.tail and len(element.tail.strip()) > text_threshold:
+                element.tail = element.tail.strip()[:text_threshold] + '...'
+        
+        # 4. Find repeated patterns and keep only a few examples
+        # This is a simplistic approach - more sophisticated pattern detection could be implemented
+        pattern_elements = {}
+        for element in tree.xpath('//*[contains(@class, "")]'):
+            parent = element.getparent()
+            if parent is None:
+                continue
+                
+            # Create a signature based on tag and classes
+            classes = element.get('class', '')
+            if not classes:
+                continue
+            signature = f"{element.tag}.{classes}"
+            
+            if signature in pattern_elements:
+                pattern_elements[signature].append(element)
+            else:
+                pattern_elements[signature] = [element]
+        
+        # Keep only 3 examples of each repeating pattern
+        for signature, elements in pattern_elements.items():
+            if len(elements) > 3:
+                # Keep the first 2 and last elements
+                for element in elements[2:-1]:
+                    if element.getparent() is not None:
+                        element.getparent().remove(element)
+        
+        # 5. Convert back to string
+        result = etree.tostring(tree, encoding='unicode', method='html')
+        
+        # If still over the size limit, apply more aggressive truncation
+        if len(result) > max_size:
+            return result[:max_size] + "..."
+            
+        return result
+    
+    except Exception as e:
+        # Fallback for parsing errors
+        return html_content[:max_size] if len(html_content) > max_size else html_content
+    
+

deploy/aws/Dockerfile

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-FROM python:3.10-slim
-
-# Set build arguments
-ARG APP_HOME=/app
-ARG GITHUB_REPO=https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git
-ARG GITHUB_BRANCH=next
-ARG USE_LOCAL=False
-ARG CONFIG_PATH=""
-
-ENV PYTHONFAULTHANDLER=1 \
-    PYTHONHASHSEED=random \
-    PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
-    PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1 \
-    PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
-    PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1 \
-    PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
-    REDIS_HOST=localhost \
-    REDIS_PORT=6379
-
-ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.10
-ARG INSTALL_TYPE=default
-ARG ENABLE_GPU=false
-ARG TARGETARCH
-
-LABEL maintainer="unclecode"
-LABEL description="🔥🕷️ Crawl4AI: Open-source LLM Friendly Web Crawler & scraper"
-LABEL version="1.0"    
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    build-essential \
-    curl \
-    wget \
-    gnupg \
-    git \
-    cmake \
-    pkg-config \
-    python3-dev \
-    libjpeg-dev \
-    redis-server \
-    supervisor \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    libglib2.0-0 \
-    libnss3 \
-    libnspr4 \
-    libatk1.0-0 \
-    libatk-bridge2.0-0 \
-    libcups2 \
-    libdrm2 \
-    libdbus-1-3 \
-    libxcb1 \
-    libxkbcommon0 \
-    libx11-6 \
-    libxcomposite1 \
-    libxdamage1 \
-    libxext6 \
-    libxfixes3 \
-    libxrandr2 \
-    libgbm1 \
-    libpango-1.0-0 \
-    libcairo2 \
-    libasound2 \
-    libatspi2.0-0 \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-RUN if [ "$ENABLE_GPU" = "true" ] && [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ] ; then \
-    apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    nvidia-cuda-toolkit \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* ; \
-else \
-    echo "Skipping NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit installation (unsupported platform or GPU disabled)"; \
-fi
-
-RUN if [ "$TARGETARCH" = "arm64" ]; then \
-    echo "🦾 Installing ARM-specific optimizations"; \
-    apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    libopenblas-dev \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
-elif [ "$TARGETARCH" = "amd64" ]; then \
-    echo "🖥️ Installing AMD64-specific optimizations"; \
-    apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    libomp-dev \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
-else \
-    echo "Skipping platform-specific optimizations (unsupported platform)"; \
-fi
-
-WORKDIR ${APP_HOME}
-
-RUN git clone --branch ${GITHUB_BRANCH} ${GITHUB_REPO} /tmp/crawl4ai
-
-COPY docker/supervisord.conf .
-COPY docker/requirements.txt .
-
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
-
-RUN if [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" = "all" ] ; then \
-        pip install "/tmp/crawl4ai/[all]" && \
-        python -m nltk.downloader punkt stopwords && \
-        python -m crawl4ai.model_loader ; \
-    elif [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" = "torch" ] ; then \
-        pip install "/tmp/crawl4ai/[torch]" ; \
-    elif [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" = "transformer" ] ; then \
-        pip install "/tmp/crawl4ai/[transformer]" && \
-        python -m crawl4ai.model_loader ; \
-    else \
-        pip install "/tmp/crawl4ai" ; \
-    fi
-    
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip && \
-    python -c "import crawl4ai; print('✅ crawl4ai is ready to rock!')" && \
-    python -c "from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright; print('✅ Playwright is feeling dramatic!')"
-    
-RUN playwright install --with-deps chromium
-
-COPY docker/* ${APP_HOME}/
-RUN if [ -n "$CONFIG_PATH" ] && [ -f "$CONFIG_PATH" ]; then \
-    echo "Using custom config from $CONFIG_PATH" && \
-    cp $CONFIG_PATH /app/config.yml; \
-fi
-
-HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
-    CMD bash -c '\
-    MEM=$(free -m | awk "/^Mem:/{print \$2}"); \
-    if [ $MEM -lt 2048 ]; then \
-        echo "⚠️ Warning: Less than 2GB RAM available! Your container might need a memory boost! 🚀"; \
-        exit 1; \
-    fi && \
-    redis-cli ping > /dev/null && \
-    curl -f http://localhost:8000/health || exit 1'
-
-# EXPOSE 6379
-
-CMD ["supervisord", "-c", "supervisord.conf"]
-    

deploy/aws/deploy-config.yml

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-project_name: PROJECT_NAME
-domain_name: DOMAIN_NAME
-aws_region: AWS_REGION

deploy/aws/deploy.py

@@ -1,729 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-import argparse
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import time
-import json
-import yaml
-import requests
-import os
-
-# Steps for deployment
-STEPS = [
-    "refresh_aws_auth",
-    "fetch_or_create_vpc_and_subnets",
-    "create_ecr_repositories",
-    "create_iam_role",
-    "create_security_groups",
-    "request_acm_certificate",
-    "build_and_push_docker",
-    "create_task_definition",
-    "setup_alb",
-    "deploy_ecs_service",
-    "configure_custom_domain",
-    "test_endpoints"
-]
-
-# Utility function to prompt user for confirmation
-def confirm_step(step_name):
-    while True:
-        response = input(f"Proceed with {step_name}? (yes/no): ").strip().lower()
-        if response in ["yes", "no"]:
-            return response == "yes"
-        print("Please enter 'yes' or 'no'.")
-
-# Utility function to run AWS CLI or shell commands and handle errors
-def run_command(command, error_message, additional_diagnostics=None, cwd="."):
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=True, text=True, check=True, cwd=cwd)
-        return result
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        with open("error_context.md", "w") as f:
-            f.write(f"{error_message}:\n")
-            f.write(f"Command: {' '.join(command)}\n")
-            f.write(f"Exit Code: {e.returncode}\n")
-            f.write(f"Stdout: {e.stdout}\n")
-            f.write(f"Stderr: {e.stderr}\n")
-            if additional_diagnostics:
-                for diag_cmd in additional_diagnostics:
-                    diag_result = subprocess.run(diag_cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
-                    f.write(f"\nDiagnostic command: {' '.join(diag_cmd)}\n")
-                    f.write(f"Stdout: {diag_result.stdout}\n")
-                    f.write(f"Stderr: {diag_result.stderr}\n")
-        raise Exception(f"{error_message}: {e.stderr}")
-
-# Utility function to load or initialize state
-def load_state(project_name):
-    state_file = f"{project_name}-state.json"
-    if os.path.exists(state_file):
-        with open(state_file, "r") as f:
-            return json.load(f)
-    return {"last_step": -1}
-
-# Utility function to save state
-def save_state(project_name, state):
-    state_file = f"{project_name}-state.json"
-    with open(state_file, "w") as f:
-        json.dump(state, f, indent=4)
-
-# DNS Check Function
-def check_dns_propagation(domain, alb_dns):
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(["dig", "+short", domain], capture_output=True, text=True)
-        if alb_dns in result.stdout:
-            return True
-        return False
-    except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Failed to check DNS: {e}")
-        return False
-
-# Step Functions
-def refresh_aws_auth(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 0:
-        print("Skipping refresh_aws_auth (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Refresh AWS authentication"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    run_command(
-        ["aws", "sts", "get-caller-identity"],
-        "Failed to verify AWS credentials"
-    )
-    print("AWS authentication verified.")
-    state["last_step"] = 0
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-
-def fetch_or_create_vpc_and_subnets(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 1:
-        print("Skipping fetch_or_create_vpc_and_subnets (already completed)")
-        return state["vpc_id"], state["public_subnets"]
-    if not confirm_step("Fetch or Create VPC and Subnets"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    # Fetch AWS account ID
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "sts", "get-caller-identity"],
-        "Failed to get AWS account ID"
-    )
-    account_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["Account"]
-    
-    # Fetch default VPC
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ec2", "describe-vpcs", "--filters", "Name=isDefault,Values=true", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe VPCs"
-    )
-    vpcs = json.loads(result.stdout).get("Vpcs", [])
-    if not vpcs:
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "create-vpc", "--cidr-block", "10.0.0.0/16", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create VPC"
-        )
-        vpc_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["Vpc"]["VpcId"]
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "modify-vpc-attribute", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--enable-dns-hostnames", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to enable DNS hostnames"
-        )
-    else:
-        vpc_id = vpcs[0]["VpcId"]
-    
-    # Fetch or create subnets
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ec2", "describe-subnets", "--filters", f"Name=vpc-id,Values={vpc_id}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe subnets"
-    )
-    subnets = json.loads(result.stdout).get("Subnets", [])
-    if len(subnets) < 2:
-        azs = json.loads(run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "describe-availability-zones", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to describe availability zones"
-        ).stdout)["AvailabilityZones"][:2]
-        subnet_ids = []
-        for i, az in enumerate(azs):
-            az_name = az["ZoneName"]
-            result = run_command(
-                ["aws", "ec2", "create-subnet", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--cidr-block", f"10.0.{i}.0/24", "--availability-zone", az_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-                f"Failed to create subnet in {az_name}"
-            )
-            subnet_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["Subnet"]["SubnetId"]
-            subnet_ids.append(subnet_id)
-            run_command(
-                ["aws", "ec2", "modify-subnet-attribute", "--subnet-id", subnet_id, "--map-public-ip-on-launch", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-                f"Failed to make subnet {subnet_id} public"
-            )
-    else:
-        subnet_ids = [s["SubnetId"] for s in subnets[:2]]
-    
-    # Ensure internet gateway
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ec2", "describe-internet-gateways", "--filters", f"Name=attachment.vpc-id,Values={vpc_id}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe internet gateways"
-    )
-    igws = json.loads(result.stdout).get("InternetGateways", [])
-    if not igws:
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "create-internet-gateway", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create internet gateway"
-        )
-        igw_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["InternetGateway"]["InternetGatewayId"]
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "attach-internet-gateway", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--internet-gateway-id", igw_id, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to attach internet gateway"
-        )
-    
-    state["vpc_id"] = vpc_id
-    state["public_subnets"] = subnet_ids
-    state["last_step"] = 1
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print(f"VPC ID: {vpc_id}, Subnets: {subnet_ids}")
-    return vpc_id, subnet_ids
-
-def create_ecr_repositories(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 2:
-        print("Skipping create_ecr_repositories (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Create ECR Repositories"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    account_id = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "sts", "get-caller-identity"],
-        "Failed to get AWS account ID"
-    ).stdout)["Account"]
-    repos = [project_name, f"{project_name}-nginx"]
-    for repo in repos:
-        result = subprocess.run(
-            ["aws", "ecr", "describe-repositories", "--repository-names", repo, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            capture_output=True, text=True
-        )
-        if result.returncode != 0:
-            run_command(
-                ["aws", "ecr", "create-repository", "--repository-name", repo, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-                f"Failed to create ECR repository {repo}"
-            )
-        print(f"ECR repository {repo} is ready.")
-    state["last_step"] = 2
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-
-def create_iam_role(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 3:
-        print("Skipping create_iam_role (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Create IAM Role"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    account_id = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "sts", "get-caller-identity"],
-        "Failed to get AWS account ID"
-    ).stdout)["Account"]
-    role_name = "ecsTaskExecutionRole"
-    trust_policy = {
-        "Version": "2012-10-17",
-        "Statement": [
-            {
-                "Effect": "Allow",
-                "Principal": {"Service": "ecs-tasks.amazonaws.com"},
-                "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
-            }
-        ]
-    }
-    with open("trust_policy.json", "w") as f:
-        json.dump(trust_policy, f)
-    
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["aws", "iam", "get-role", "--role-name", role_name],
-        capture_output=True, text=True
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "iam", "create-role", "--role-name", role_name, "--assume-role-policy-document", "file://trust_policy.json"],
-            f"Failed to create IAM role {role_name}"
-        )
-    run_command(
-        ["aws", "iam", "attach-role-policy", "--role-name", role_name, "--policy-arn", "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AmazonECSTaskExecutionRolePolicy"],
-        "Failed to attach ECS task execution policy"
-    )
-    os.remove("trust_policy.json")
-    state["execution_role_arn"] = f"arn:aws:iam::{account_id}:role/{role_name}"
-    state["last_step"] = 3
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print(f"IAM role {role_name} configured.")
-
-def create_security_groups(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 4:
-        print("Skipping create_security_groups (already completed)")
-        return state["alb_sg_id"], state["ecs_sg_id"]
-    if not confirm_step("Create Security Groups"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    vpc_id = state["vpc_id"]
-    alb_sg_name = f"{project_name}-alb-sg"
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ec2", "describe-security-groups", "--filters", f"Name=vpc-id,Values={vpc_id}", f"Name=group-name,Values={alb_sg_name}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe ALB security group"
-    )
-    if not json.loads(result.stdout).get("SecurityGroups"):
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "create-security-group", "--group-name", alb_sg_name, "--description", "Security group for ALB", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create ALB security group"
-        )
-        alb_sg_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["GroupId"]
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "authorize-security-group-ingress", "--group-id", alb_sg_id, "--protocol", "tcp", "--port", "80", "--cidr", "0.0.0.0/0", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to authorize HTTP ingress"
-        )
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "authorize-security-group-ingress", "--group-id", alb_sg_id, "--protocol", "tcp", "--port", "443", "--cidr", "0.0.0.0/0", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to authorize HTTPS ingress"
-        )
-    else:
-        alb_sg_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["SecurityGroups"][0]["GroupId"]
-    
-    ecs_sg_name = f"{project_name}-ecs-sg"
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ec2", "describe-security-groups", "--filters", f"Name=vpc-id,Values={vpc_id}", f"Name=group-name,Values={ecs_sg_name}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe ECS security group"
-    )
-    if not json.loads(result.stdout).get("SecurityGroups"):
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "create-security-group", "--group-name", ecs_sg_name, "--description", "Security group for ECS tasks", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create ECS security group"
-        )
-        ecs_sg_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["GroupId"]
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ec2", "authorize-security-group-ingress", "--group-id", ecs_sg_id, "--protocol", "tcp", "--port", "80", "--source-group", alb_sg_id, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to authorize ECS ingress"
-        )
-    else:
-        ecs_sg_id = json.loads(result.stdout)["SecurityGroups"][0]["GroupId"]
-    
-    state["alb_sg_id"] = alb_sg_id
-    state["ecs_sg_id"] = ecs_sg_id
-    state["last_step"] = 4
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("Security groups configured.")
-    return alb_sg_id, ecs_sg_id
-
-def request_acm_certificate(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 5:
-        print("Skipping request_acm_certificate (already completed)")
-        return state["cert_arn"]
-    if not confirm_step("Request ACM Certificate"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    domain_name = config["domain_name"]
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "acm", "describe-certificates", "--certificate-statuses", "ISSUED", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe certificates"
-    )
-    certificates = json.loads(result.stdout).get("CertificateSummaryList", [])
-    cert_arn = next((c["CertificateArn"] for c in certificates if c["DomainName"] == domain_name), None)
-    
-    if not cert_arn:
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "acm", "request-certificate", "--domain-name", domain_name, "--validation-method", "DNS", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to request ACM certificate"
-        )
-        cert_arn = json.loads(result.stdout)["CertificateArn"]
-        
-        time.sleep(10)
-        result = run_command(
-            ["aws", "acm", "describe-certificate", "--certificate-arn", cert_arn, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to describe certificate"
-        )
-        cert_details = json.loads(result.stdout)["Certificate"]
-        dns_validations = cert_details.get("DomainValidationOptions", [])
-        for validation in dns_validations:
-            if validation["ValidationMethod"] == "DNS" and "ResourceRecord" in validation:
-                record = validation["ResourceRecord"]
-                print(f"Please add this DNS record to validate the certificate for {domain_name}:")
-                print(f"Name: {record['Name']}")
-                print(f"Type: {record['Type']}")
-                print(f"Value: {record['Value']}")
-        print("Press Enter after adding the DNS record...")
-        input()
-        
-        while True:
-            result = run_command(
-                ["aws", "acm", "describe-certificate", "--certificate-arn", cert_arn, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-                "Failed to check certificate status"
-            )
-            status = json.loads(result.stdout)["Certificate"]["Status"]
-            if status == "ISSUED":
-                break
-            elif status in ["FAILED", "REVOKED", "INACTIVE"]:
-                print("Certificate issuance failed.")
-                sys.exit(1)
-            time.sleep(10)
-    
-    state["cert_arn"] = cert_arn
-    state["last_step"] = 5
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print(f"Certificate ARN: {cert_arn}")
-    return cert_arn
-
-def build_and_push_docker(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 6:
-        print("Skipping build_and_push_docker (already completed)")
-        return state["fastapi_image"], state["nginx_image"]
-    if not confirm_step("Build and Push Docker Images"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    with open("./version.txt", "r") as f:
-        version = f.read().strip()
-    
-    account_id = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "sts", "get-caller-identity"],
-        "Failed to get AWS account ID"
-    ).stdout)["Account"]
-    region = config["aws_region"]
-    
-    login_password = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ecr", "get-login-password", "--region", region],
-        "Failed to get ECR login password"
-    ).stdout.strip()
-    run_command(
-        ["docker", "login", "--username", "AWS", "--password", login_password, f"{account_id}.dkr.ecr.{region}.amazonaws.com"],
-        "Failed to authenticate Docker to ECR"
-    )
-    
-    fastapi_image = f"{account_id}.dkr.ecr.{region}.amazonaws.com/{project_name}:{version}"
-    run_command(
-        ["docker", "build", "-f", "Dockerfile", "-t", fastapi_image, "."],
-        "Failed to build FastAPI Docker image"
-    )
-    run_command(
-        ["docker", "push", fastapi_image],
-        "Failed to push FastAPI image"
-    )
-    
-    nginx_image = f"{account_id}.dkr.ecr.{region}.amazonaws.com/{project_name}-nginx:{version}"
-    run_command(
-        ["docker", "build", "-f", "Dockerfile", "-t", nginx_image, "."],
-        "Failed to build Nginx Docker image",
-        cwd="./nginx"
-    )
-    run_command(
-        ["docker", "push", nginx_image],
-        "Failed to push Nginx image"
-    )
-    
-    state["fastapi_image"] = fastapi_image
-    state["nginx_image"] = nginx_image
-    state["last_step"] = 6
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("Docker images built and pushed.")
-    return fastapi_image, nginx_image
-
-def create_task_definition(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 7:
-        print("Skipping create_task_definition (already completed)")
-        return state["task_def_arn"]
-    if not confirm_step("Create Task Definition"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    log_group = f"/ecs/{project_name}-logs"
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "logs", "describe-log-groups", "--log-group-name-prefix", log_group, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe log groups"
-    )
-    if not any(lg["logGroupName"] == log_group for lg in json.loads(result.stdout).get("logGroups", [])):
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "logs", "create-log-group", "--log-group-name", log_group, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            f"Failed to create log group {log_group}"
-        )
-    
-    task_definition = {
-        "family": f"{project_name}-taskdef",
-        "networkMode": "awsvpc",
-        "requiresCompatibilities": ["FARGATE"],
-        "cpu": "512",
-        "memory": "2048",
-        "executionRoleArn": state["execution_role_arn"],
-        "containerDefinitions": [
-            {
-                "name": "fastapi",
-                "image": state["fastapi_image"],
-                "portMappings": [{"containerPort": 8000, "hostPort": 8000, "protocol": "tcp"}],
-                "logConfiguration": {
-                    "logDriver": "awslogs",
-                    "options": {
-                        "awslogs-group": log_group,
-                        "awslogs-region": config["aws_region"],
-                        "awslogs-stream-prefix": "fastapi"
-                    }
-                }
-            },
-            {
-                "name": "nginx",
-                "image": state["nginx_image"],
-                "portMappings": [{"containerPort": 80, "hostPort": 80, "protocol": "tcp"}],
-                "logConfiguration": {
-                    "logDriver": "awslogs",
-                    "options": {
-                        "awslogs-group": log_group,
-                        "awslogs-region": config["aws_region"],
-                        "awslogs-stream-prefix": "nginx"
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        ]
-    }
-    
-    with open("task_def.json", "w") as f:
-        json.dump(task_definition, f)
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ecs", "register-task-definition", "--cli-input-json", "file://task_def.json", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to register task definition"
-    )
-    task_def_arn = json.loads(result.stdout)["taskDefinition"]["taskDefinitionArn"]
-    os.remove("task_def.json")
-    
-    state["task_def_arn"] = task_def_arn
-    state["last_step"] = 7
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("Task definition created.")
-    return task_def_arn
-
-def setup_alb(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 8:
-        print("Skipping setup_alb (already completed)")
-        return state["alb_arn"], state["tg_arn"], state["alb_dns"]
-    if not confirm_step("Set Up ALB"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    vpc_id = state["vpc_id"]
-    public_subnets = state["public_subnets"]
-    alb_name = f"{project_name}-alb"
-    
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-load-balancers", "--names", alb_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        capture_output=True, text=True
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "elbv2", "create-load-balancer", "--name", alb_name, "--subnets"] + public_subnets + ["--security-groups", state["alb_sg_id"], "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create ALB"
-        )
-    alb_arn = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-load-balancers", "--names", alb_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe ALB"
-    ).stdout)["LoadBalancers"][0]["LoadBalancerArn"]
-    alb_dns = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-load-balancers", "--names", alb_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to get ALB DNS name"
-    ).stdout)["LoadBalancers"][0]["DNSName"]
-    
-    tg_name = f"{project_name}-tg"
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-target-groups", "--names", tg_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        capture_output=True, text=True
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "elbv2", "create-target-group", "--name", tg_name, "--protocol", "HTTP", "--port", "80", "--vpc-id", vpc_id, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create target group"
-        )
-    tg_arn = json.loads(run_command(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-target-groups", "--names", tg_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe target group"
-    ).stdout)["TargetGroups"][0]["TargetGroupArn"]
-    
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "elbv2", "describe-listeners", "--load-balancer-arn", alb_arn, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe listeners"
-    )
-    listeners = json.loads(result.stdout).get("Listeners", [])
-    if not any(l["Port"] == 80 for l in listeners):
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "elbv2", "create-listener", "--load-balancer-arn", alb_arn, "--protocol", "HTTP", "--port", "80", "--default-actions", "Type=redirect,RedirectConfig={Protocol=HTTPS,Port=443,StatusCode=HTTP_301}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create HTTP listener"
-        )
-    if not any(l["Port"] == 443 for l in listeners):
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "elbv2", "create-listener", "--load-balancer-arn", alb_arn, "--protocol", "HTTPS", "--port", "443", "--certificates", f"CertificateArn={state['cert_arn']}", "--default-actions", f"Type=forward,TargetGroupArn={tg_arn}", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create HTTPS listener"
-        )
-    
-    state["alb_arn"] = alb_arn
-    state["tg_arn"] = tg_arn
-    state["alb_dns"] = alb_dns
-    state["last_step"] = 8
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("ALB configured.")
-    return alb_arn, tg_arn, alb_dns
-
-def deploy_ecs_service(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 9:
-        print("Skipping deploy_ecs_service (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Deploy ECS Service"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    cluster_name = f"{project_name}-cluster"
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ecs", "describe-clusters", "--clusters", cluster_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe clusters"
-    )
-    if not json.loads(result.stdout).get("clusters"):
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ecs", "create-cluster", "--cluster-name", cluster_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create ECS cluster"
-        )
-    
-    service_name = f"{project_name}-service"
-    result = run_command(
-        ["aws", "ecs", "describe-services", "--cluster", cluster_name, "--services", service_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-        "Failed to describe services",
-        additional_diagnostics=[["aws", "ecs", "list-tasks", "--cluster", cluster_name, "--service-name", service_name, "--region", config["aws_region"]]]
-    )
-    services = json.loads(result.stdout).get("services", [])
-    if not services or services[0]["status"] == "INACTIVE":
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ecs", "create-service", "--cluster", cluster_name, "--service-name", service_name, "--task-definition", state["task_def_arn"], "--desired-count", "1", "--launch-type", "FARGATE", "--network-configuration", f"awsvpcConfiguration={{subnets={json.dumps(state['public_subnets'])},securityGroups=[{state['ecs_sg_id']}],assignPublicIp=ENABLED}}", "--load-balancers", f"targetGroupArn={state['tg_arn']},containerName=nginx,containerPort=80", "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to create ECS service"
-        )
-    else:
-        run_command(
-            ["aws", "ecs", "update-service", "--cluster", cluster_name, "--service", service_name, "--task-definition", state["task_def_arn"], "--region", config["aws_region"]],
-            "Failed to update ECS service"
-        )
-    
-    state["last_step"] = 9
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("ECS service deployed.")
-
-def configure_custom_domain(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 10:
-        print("Skipping configure_custom_domain (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Configure Custom Domain"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    domain_name = config["domain_name"]
-    alb_dns = state["alb_dns"]
-    print(f"Please add a CNAME record for {domain_name} pointing to {alb_dns} in your DNS provider.")
-    print("Press Enter after updating the DNS record...")
-    input()
-    
-    while not check_dns_propagation(domain_name, alb_dns):
-        print("DNS propagation not complete. Waiting 30 seconds before retrying...")
-        time.sleep(30)
-    print("DNS propagation confirmed.")
-    
-    state["last_step"] = 10
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("Custom domain configured.")
-
-def test_endpoints(project_name, state, config):
-    if state["last_step"] >= 11:
-        print("Skipping test_endpoints (already completed)")
-        return
-    if not confirm_step("Test Endpoints"):
-        sys.exit("User aborted.")
-    
-    domain = config["domain_name"]
-    time.sleep(30)  # Wait for service to stabilize
-    
-    response = requests.get(f"https://{domain}/health", verify=False)
-    if response.status_code != 200:
-        with open("error_context.md", "w") as f:
-            f.write("Health endpoint test failed:\n")
-            f.write(f"Status Code: {response.status_code}\n")
-            f.write(f"Response: {response.text}\n")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    print("Health endpoint test passed.")
-    
-    payload = {
-        "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-        "browser_config": {"headless": True},
-        "crawler_config": {"stream": False}
-    }
-    response = requests.post(f"https://{domain}/crawl", json=payload, verify=False)
-    if response.status_code != 200:
-        with open("error_context.md", "w") as f:
-            f.write("Crawl endpoint test failed:\n")
-            f.write(f"Status Code: {response.status_code}\n")
-            f.write(f"Response: {response.text}\n")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    print("Crawl endpoint test passed.")
-    
-    state["last_step"] = 11
-    save_state(project_name, state)
-    print("Endpoints tested successfully.")
-
-# Main Deployment Function
-def deploy(project_name, force=False):
-    config_file = f"{project_name}-config.yml"
-    if not os.path.exists(config_file):
-        print(f"Configuration file {config_file} not found. Run 'init' first.")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    
-    with open(config_file, "r") as f:
-        config = yaml.safe_load(f)
-    
-    state = load_state(project_name)
-    if force:
-        state = {"last_step": -1}
-    
-    last_step = state.get("last_step", -1)
-    
-    for step_idx, step_name in enumerate(STEPS):
-        if step_idx <= last_step:
-            print(f"Skipping {step_name} (already completed)")
-            continue
-        print(f"Executing step: {step_name}")
-        func = globals()[step_name]
-        if step_name == "fetch_or_create_vpc_and_subnets":
-            vpc_id, public_subnets = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "create_security_groups":
-            alb_sg_id, ecs_sg_id = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "request_acm_certificate":
-            cert_arn = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "build_and_push_docker":
-            fastapi_image, nginx_image = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "create_task_definition":
-            task_def_arn = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "setup_alb":
-            alb_arn, tg_arn, alb_dns = func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "deploy_ecs_service":
-            func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "configure_custom_domain":
-            func(project_name, state, config)
-        elif step_name == "test_endpoints":
-            func(project_name, state, config)
-        else:
-            func(project_name, state, config)
-
-# Init Command
-def init(project_name, domain_name, aws_region):
-    config = {
-        "project_name": project_name,
-        "domain_name": domain_name,
-        "aws_region": aws_region
-    }
-    config_file = f"{project_name}-config.yml"
-    with open(config_file, "w") as f:
-        yaml.dump(config, f)
-    print(f"Configuration file {config_file} created.")
-
-# Argument Parser
-parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Crawl4AI Deployment Script")
-subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command")
-
-# Init Parser
-init_parser = subparsers.add_parser("init", help="Initialize configuration")
-init_parser.add_argument("--project", required=True, help="Project name")
-init_parser.add_argument("--domain", required=True, help="Domain name")
-init_parser.add_argument("--region", required=True, help="AWS region")
-
-# Deploy Parser
-deploy_parser = subparsers.add_parser("deploy", help="Deploy the project")
-deploy_parser.add_argument("--project", required=True, help="Project name")
-deploy_parser.add_argument("--force", action="store_true", help="Force redeployment from start")
-
-args = parser.parse_args()
-
-if args.command == "init":
-    init(args.project, args.domain, args.region)
-elif args.command == "deploy":
-    deploy(args.project, args.force)
-else:
-    parser.print_help()

deploy/aws/docker/.dockerignore

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-# .dockerignore
-*
-
-# Allow specific files and directories when using local installation
-!crawl4ai/
-!docs/
-!deploy/docker/
-!setup.py
-!pyproject.toml
-!README.md
-!LICENSE
-!MANIFEST.in
-!setup.cfg
-!mkdocs.yml
-
-.git/
-__pycache__/
-*.pyc
-*.pyo
-*.pyd
-.DS_Store
-.env
-.venv
-venv/
-tests/
-coverage.xml
-*.log
-*.swp
-*.egg-info/
-dist/
-build/

deploy/aws/docker/.llm.env.example

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-# LLM Provider Keys
-OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_key_here
-DEEPSEEK_API_KEY=your_deepseek_key_here
-ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your_anthropic_key_here
-GROQ_API_KEY=your_groq_key_here
-TOGETHER_API_KEY=your_together_key_here
-MISTRAL_API_KEY=your_mistral_key_here
-GEMINI_API_TOKEN=your_gemini_key_here

deploy/aws/docker/README.md

@@ -1,847 +0,0 @@
-# Crawl4AI Docker Guide 🐳
-
-## Table of Contents
-- [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
-- [Installation](#installation)
-  - [Local Build](#local-build)
-  - [Docker Hub](#docker-hub)
-- [Dockerfile Parameters](#dockerfile-parameters)
-- [Using the API](#using-the-api)
-  - [Understanding Request Schema](#understanding-request-schema)
-  - [REST API Examples](#rest-api-examples)
-  - [Python SDK](#python-sdk)
-- [Metrics & Monitoring](#metrics--monitoring)
-- [Deployment Scenarios](#deployment-scenarios)
-- [Complete Examples](#complete-examples)
-- [Getting Help](#getting-help)
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-Before we dive in, make sure you have:
-- Docker installed and running (version 20.10.0 or higher)
-- At least 4GB of RAM available for the container
-- Python 3.10+ (if using the Python SDK)
-- Node.js 16+ (if using the Node.js examples)
-
-> 💡 **Pro tip**: Run `docker info` to check your Docker installation and available resources.
-
-## Installation
-
-### Local Build
-
-Let's get your local environment set up step by step!
-
-#### 1. Building the Image
-
-First, clone the repository and build the Docker image:
-
-```bash
-# Clone the repository
-git clone https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git
-cd crawl4ai/deploy
-
-# Build the Docker image
-docker build --platform=linux/amd64 --no-cache -t crawl4ai .
-
-# Or build for arm64
-docker build --platform=linux/arm64 --no-cache -t crawl4ai .
-```
-
-#### 2. Environment Setup
-
-If you plan to use LLMs (Language Models), you'll need to set up your API keys. Create a `.llm.env` file:
-
-```env
-# OpenAI
-OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-your-key
-
-# Anthropic
-ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your-anthropic-key
-
-# DeepSeek
-DEEPSEEK_API_KEY=your-deepseek-key
-
-# Check out https://docs.litellm.ai/docs/providers for more providers!
-```
-
-> 🔑 **Note**: Keep your API keys secure! Never commit them to version control.
-
-#### 3. Running the Container
-
-You have several options for running the container:
-
-Basic run (no LLM support):
-```bash
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 --name crawl4ai crawl4ai
-```
-
-With LLM support:
-```bash
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 \
-  --env-file .llm.env \
-  --name crawl4ai \
-  crawl4ai
-```
-
-Using host environment variables (Not a good practice, but works for local testing):
-```bash
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 \
-  --env-file .llm.env \
-  --env "$(env)" \
-  --name crawl4ai \
-  crawl4ai
-```
-
-#### Multi-Platform Build
-For distributing your image across different architectures, use `buildx`:
-
-```bash
-# Set up buildx builder
-docker buildx create --use
-
-# Build for multiple platforms
-docker buildx build \
-  --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 \
-  -t crawl4ai \
-  --push \
-  .
-```
-
-> 💡 **Note**: Multi-platform builds require Docker Buildx and need to be pushed to a registry.
-
-#### Development Build
-For development, you might want to enable all features:
-
-```bash
-docker build -t crawl4ai
-  --build-arg INSTALL_TYPE=all \
-  --build-arg PYTHON_VERSION=3.10 \
-  --build-arg ENABLE_GPU=true \
-  .
-```
-
-#### GPU-Enabled Build
-If you plan to use GPU acceleration:
-
-```bash
-docker build -t crawl4ai
-  --build-arg ENABLE_GPU=true \
-  deploy/docker/
-```
-
-### Build Arguments Explained
-
-| Argument | Description | Default | Options |
-|----------|-------------|---------|----------|
-| PYTHON_VERSION | Python version | 3.10 | 3.8, 3.9, 3.10 |
-| INSTALL_TYPE | Feature set | default | default, all, torch, transformer |
-| ENABLE_GPU | GPU support | false | true, false |
-| APP_HOME | Install path | /app | any valid path |
-
-### Build Best Practices
-
-1. **Choose the Right Install Type**
-   - `default`: Basic installation, smallest image, to be honest, I use this most of the time.
-   - `all`: Full features, larger image (include transformer, and nltk, make sure you really need them)
-
-2. **Platform Considerations**
-   - Let Docker auto-detect platform unless you need cross-compilation
-   - Use --platform for specific architecture requirements
-   - Consider buildx for multi-architecture distribution
-
-3. **Performance Optimization**
-   - The image automatically includes platform-specific optimizations
-   - AMD64 gets OpenMP optimizations
-   - ARM64 gets OpenBLAS optimizations
-
-### Docker Hub
-
-> 🚧 Coming soon! The image will be available at `crawl4ai`. Stay tuned!
-
-## Using the API
-
-In the following sections, we discuss two ways to communicate with the Docker server. One option is to use the client SDK that I developed for Python, and I will soon develop one for Node.js. I highly recommend this approach to avoid mistakes. Alternatively, you can take a more technical route by using the JSON structure and passing it to all the URLs, which I will explain in detail.
-
-### Python SDK
-
-The SDK makes things easier! Here's how to use it:
-
-```python
-from crawl4ai.docker_client import Crawl4aiDockerClient
-from crawl4ai import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
-
-async def main():
-    async with Crawl4aiDockerClient(base_url="http://localhost:8000", verbose=True) as client:
-      # If JWT is enabled, you can authenticate like this: (more on this later)
-        # await client.authenticate("test@example.com")
-        
-        # Non-streaming crawl
-        results = await client.crawl(
-            ["https://example.com", "https://python.org"],
-            browser_config=BrowserConfig(headless=True),
-            crawler_config=CrawlerRunConfig()
-        )
-        print(f"Non-streaming results: {results}")
-        
-        # Streaming crawl
-        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(stream=True)
-        async for result in await client.crawl(
-            ["https://example.com", "https://python.org"],
-            browser_config=BrowserConfig(headless=True),
-            crawler_config=crawler_config
-        ):
-            print(f"Streamed result: {result}")
-        
-        # Get schema
-        schema = await client.get_schema()
-        print(f"Schema: {schema}")
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    asyncio.run(main())
-```
-
-`Crawl4aiDockerClient` is an async context manager that handles the connection for you. You can pass in optional parameters for more control:
-
-- `base_url` (str): Base URL of the Crawl4AI Docker server
-- `timeout` (float): Default timeout for requests in seconds
-- `verify_ssl` (bool): Whether to verify SSL certificates
-- `verbose` (bool): Whether to show logging output
-- `log_file` (str, optional): Path to log file if file logging is desired
-
-This client SDK generates a properly structured JSON request for the server's HTTP API.
-
-## Second Approach: Direct API Calls
-
-This is super important! The API expects a specific structure that matches our Python classes. Let me show you how it works.
-
-### Understanding Configuration Structure
-
-Let's dive deep into how configurations work in Crawl4AI. Every configuration object follows a consistent pattern of `type` and `params`. This structure enables complex, nested configurations while maintaining clarity.
-
-#### The Basic Pattern
-
-Try this in Python to understand the structure:
-```python
-from crawl4ai import BrowserConfig
-
-# Create a config and see its structure
-config = BrowserConfig(headless=True)
-print(config.dump())
-```
-
-This outputs:
-```json
-{
-    "type": "BrowserConfig",
-    "params": {
-        "headless": true
-    }
-}
-```
-
-#### Simple vs Complex Values
-
-The structure follows these rules:
-- Simple values (strings, numbers, booleans, lists) are passed directly
-- Complex values (classes, dictionaries) use the type-params pattern
-
-For example, with dictionaries:
-```json
-{
-    "browser_config": {
-        "type": "BrowserConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "headless": true,           // Simple boolean - direct value
-            "viewport": {               // Complex dictionary - needs type-params
-                "type": "dict",
-                "value": {
-                    "width": 1200,
-                    "height": 800
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-#### Strategy Pattern and Nesting
-
-Strategies (like chunking or content filtering) demonstrate why we need this structure. Consider this chunking configuration:
-
-```json
-{
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "chunking_strategy": {
-                "type": "RegexChunking",      // Strategy implementation
-                "params": {
-                    "patterns": ["\n\n", "\\.\\s+"]
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-Here, `chunking_strategy` accepts any chunking implementation. The `type` field tells the system which strategy to use, and `params` configures that specific strategy.
-
-#### Complex Nested Example
-
-Let's look at a more complex example with content filtering:
-
-```json
-{
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-This shows how deeply configurations can nest while maintaining a consistent structure.
-
-#### Quick Grammar Overview
-```
-config := {
-    "type": string,
-    "params": {
-        key: simple_value | complex_value
-    }
-}
-
-simple_value := string | number | boolean | [simple_value]
-complex_value := config | dict_value
-
-dict_value := {
-    "type": "dict",
-    "value": object
-}
-```
-
-#### Important Rules 🚨
-
-- Always use the type-params pattern for class instances
-- Use direct values for primitives (numbers, strings, booleans)
-- Wrap dictionaries with {"type": "dict", "value": {...}}
-- Arrays/lists are passed directly without type-params
-- All parameters are optional unless specifically required
-
-#### Pro Tip 💡
-
-The easiest way to get the correct structure is to:
-1. Create configuration objects in Python
-2. Use the `dump()` method to see their JSON representation
-3. Use that JSON in your API calls
-
-Example:
-```python
-from crawl4ai import CrawlerRunConfig, PruningContentFilter
-
-config = CrawlerRunConfig(
-    content_filter=PruningContentFilter(threshold=0.48)
-)
-print(config.dump())  # Use this JSON in your API calls
-```
-
-
-#### More Examples
-
-**Advanced Crawler Configuration**
-
-```json
-{
-    "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "cache_mode": "bypass",
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed",
-                            "min_word_threshold": 0
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-**Extraction Strategy**:
-
-```json
-{
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "extraction_strategy": {
-                "type": "JsonCssExtractionStrategy",
-                "params": {
-                    "schema": {
-                        "baseSelector": "article.post",
-                        "fields": [
-                            {"name": "title", "selector": "h1", "type": "text"},
-                            {"name": "content", "selector": ".content", "type": "html"}
-                        ]
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-**LLM Extraction Strategy**
-
-```json
-{
-  "crawler_config": {
-    "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-    "params": {
-      "extraction_strategy": {
-        "type": "LLMExtractionStrategy",
-        "params": {
-          "instruction": "Extract article title, author, publication date and main content",
-          "provider": "openai/gpt-4",
-          "api_token": "your-api-token",
-          "schema": {
-            "type": "dict",
-            "value": {
-              "title": "Article Schema",
-              "type": "object",
-              "properties": {
-                "title": {
-                  "type": "string",
-                  "description": "The article's headline"
-                },
-                "author": {
-                  "type": "string",
-                  "description": "The author's name"
-                },
-                "published_date": {
-                  "type": "string",
-                  "format": "date-time",
-                  "description": "Publication date and time"
-                },
-                "content": {
-                  "type": "string",
-                  "description": "The main article content"
-                }
-              },
-              "required": ["title", "content"]
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-**Deep Crawler Example**
-
-```json
-{
-  "crawler_config": {
-    "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-    "params": {
-      "deep_crawl_strategy": {
-        "type": "BFSDeepCrawlStrategy",
-        "params": {
-          "max_depth": 3,
-          "max_pages": 100,
-          "filter_chain": {
-            "type": "FastFilterChain",
-            "params": {
-              "filters": [
-                {
-                  "type": "FastContentTypeFilter",
-                  "params": {
-                    "allowed_types": ["text/html", "application/xhtml+xml"]
-                  }
-                },
-                {
-                  "type": "FastDomainFilter",
-                  "params": {
-                    "allowed_domains": ["blog.*", "docs.*"],
-                    "blocked_domains": ["ads.*", "analytics.*"]
-                  }
-                },
-                {
-                  "type": "FastURLPatternFilter",
-                  "params": {
-                    "allowed_patterns": ["^/blog/", "^/docs/"],
-                    "blocked_patterns": [".*/ads/", ".*/sponsored/"]
-                  }
-                }
-              ]
-            }
-          },
-          "url_scorer": {
-            "type": "FastCompositeScorer",
-            "params": {
-              "scorers": [
-                {
-                  "type": "FastKeywordRelevanceScorer",
-                  "params": {
-                    "keywords": ["tutorial", "guide", "documentation"],
-                    "weight": 1.0
-                  }
-                },
-                {
-                  "type": "FastPathDepthScorer",
-                  "params": {
-                    "weight": 0.5,
-                    "preferred_depth": 2
-                  }
-                },
-                {
-                  "type": "FastFreshnessScorer",
-                  "params": {
-                    "weight": 0.8,
-                    "max_age_days": 365
-                  }
-                }
-              ]
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### REST API Examples
-
-Let's look at some practical examples:
-
-#### Simple Crawl
-
-```python
-import requests
-
-crawl_payload = {
-    "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-    "browser_config": {"headless": True},
-    "crawler_config": {"stream": False}
-}
-response = requests.post(
-    "http://localhost:8000/crawl",
-    # headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"},  # If JWT is enabled, more on this later
-    json=crawl_payload
-)
-print(response.json())  # Print the response for debugging
-```
-
-#### Streaming Results
-
-```python
-async def test_stream_crawl(session, token: str):
-    """Test the /crawl/stream endpoint with multiple URLs."""
-    url = "http://localhost:8000/crawl/stream"
-    payload = {
-        "urls": [
-            "https://example.com",
-            "https://example.com/page1",  
-            "https://example.com/page2",  
-            "https://example.com/page3",  
-        ],
-        "browser_config": {"headless": True, "viewport": {"width": 1200}},
-        "crawler_config": {"stream": True, "cache_mode": "aggressive"}
-    }
-
-    # headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"} # If JWT is enabled, more on this later
-    
-    try:
-        async with session.post(url, json=payload, headers=headers) as response:
-            status = response.status
-            print(f"Status: {status} (Expected: 200)")
-            assert status == 200, f"Expected 200, got {status}"
-            
-            # Read streaming response line-by-line (NDJSON)
-            async for line in response.content:
-                if line:
-                    data = json.loads(line.decode('utf-8').strip())
-                    print(f"Streamed Result: {json.dumps(data, indent=2)}")
-    except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error in streaming crawl test: {str(e)}")
-```
-
-## Metrics & Monitoring
-
-Keep an eye on your crawler with these endpoints:
-
-- `/health` - Quick health check
-- `/metrics` - Detailed Prometheus metrics
-- `/schema` - Full API schema
-
-Example health check:
-```bash
-curl http://localhost:8000/health
-```
-
-## Deployment Scenarios
-
-> 🚧 Coming soon! We'll cover:
-> - Kubernetes deployment
-> - Cloud provider setups (AWS, GCP, Azure)
-> - High-availability configurations
-> - Load balancing strategies
-
-## Complete Examples
-
-Check out the `examples` folder in our repository for full working examples! Here are two to get you started:
-[Using Client SDK](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/blob/main/docs/examples/docker_python_sdk_example.py)
-[Using REST API](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/blob/main/docs/examples/docker_python_rest_api_example.py)
-
-## Server Configuration
-
-The server's behavior can be customized through the `config.yml` file. Let's explore how to configure your Crawl4AI server for optimal performance and security.
-
-### Understanding config.yml
-
-The configuration file is located at `deploy/docker/config.yml`. You can either modify this file before building the image or mount a custom configuration when running the container.
-
-Here's a detailed breakdown of the configuration options:
-
-```yaml
-# Application Configuration
-app:
-  title: "Crawl4AI API"           # Server title in OpenAPI docs
-  version: "1.0.0"               # API version
-  host: "0.0.0.0"               # Listen on all interfaces
-  port: 8000                    # Server port
-  reload: True                  # Enable hot reloading (development only)
-  timeout_keep_alive: 300       # Keep-alive timeout in seconds
-
-# Rate Limiting Configuration
-rate_limiting:
-  enabled: True                 # Enable/disable rate limiting
-  default_limit: "100/minute"   # Rate limit format: "number/timeunit"
-  trusted_proxies: []          # List of trusted proxy IPs
-  storage_uri: "memory://"     # Use "redis://localhost:6379" for production
-
-# Security Configuration
-security:
-  enabled: false               # Master toggle for security features
-  jwt_enabled: true            # Enable JWT authentication
-  https_redirect: True         # Force HTTPS
-  trusted_hosts: ["*"]         # Allowed hosts (use specific domains in production)
-  headers:                     # Security headers
-    x_content_type_options: "nosniff"
-    x_frame_options: "DENY"
-    content_security_policy: "default-src 'self'"
-    strict_transport_security: "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains"
-
-# Crawler Configuration
-crawler:
-  memory_threshold_percent: 95.0  # Memory usage threshold
-  rate_limiter:
-    base_delay: [1.0, 2.0]      # Min and max delay between requests
-  timeouts:
-    stream_init: 30.0           # Stream initialization timeout
-    batch_process: 300.0        # Batch processing timeout
-
-# Logging Configuration
-logging:
-  level: "INFO"                 # Log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR)
-  format: "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
-
-# Observability Configuration
-observability:
-  prometheus:
-    enabled: True              # Enable Prometheus metrics
-    endpoint: "/metrics"       # Metrics endpoint
-  health_check:
-    endpoint: "/health"        # Health check endpoint
-```
-
-### JWT Authentication
-
-When `security.jwt_enabled` is set to `true` in your config.yml, all endpoints require JWT authentication via bearer tokens. Here's how it works:
-
-#### Getting a Token
-```python
-POST /token
-Content-Type: application/json
-
-{
-    "email": "user@example.com"
-}
-```
-
-The endpoint returns:
-```json
-{
-    "email": "user@example.com",
-    "access_token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOi...",
-    "token_type": "bearer"
-}
-```
-
-#### Using the Token
-Add the token to your requests:
-```bash
-curl -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGci..." http://localhost:8000/crawl
-```
-
-Using the Python SDK:
-```python
-from crawl4ai.docker_client import Crawl4aiDockerClient
-
-async with Crawl4aiDockerClient() as client:
-    # Authenticate first
-    await client.authenticate("user@example.com")
-    
-    # Now all requests will include the token automatically
-    result = await client.crawl(urls=["https://example.com"])
-```
-
-#### Production Considerations 💡
-The default implementation uses a simple email verification. For production use, consider:
-- Email verification via OTP/magic links
-- OAuth2 integration
-- Rate limiting token generation
-- Token expiration and refresh mechanisms
-- IP-based restrictions
-
-### Configuration Tips and Best Practices
-
-1. **Production Settings** 🏭
-
-   ```yaml
-   app:
-     reload: False              # Disable reload in production
-     timeout_keep_alive: 120    # Lower timeout for better resource management
-   
-   rate_limiting:
-     storage_uri: "redis://redis:6379"  # Use Redis for distributed rate limiting
-     default_limit: "50/minute"         # More conservative rate limit
-   
-   security:
-     enabled: true                      # Enable all security features
-     trusted_hosts: ["your-domain.com"] # Restrict to your domain
-   ```
-
-2. **Development Settings** 🛠️
-
-   ```yaml
-   app:
-     reload: True               # Enable hot reloading
-     timeout_keep_alive: 300    # Longer timeout for debugging
-   
-   logging:
-     level: "DEBUG"            # More verbose logging
-   ```
-
-3. **High-Traffic Settings** 🚦
-
-   ```yaml
-   crawler:
-     memory_threshold_percent: 85.0  # More conservative memory limit
-     rate_limiter:
-       base_delay: [2.0, 4.0]       # More aggressive rate limiting
-   ```
-
-### Customizing Your Configuration
-
-#### Method 1: Pre-build Configuration
-
-```bash
-# Copy and modify config before building
-cd crawl4ai/deploy
-vim custom-config.yml # Or use any editor
-
-# Build with custom config
-docker build --platform=linux/amd64 --no-cache -t crawl4ai:latest .
-```
-
-#### Method 2: Build-time Configuration
-
-Use a custom config during build:
-
-```bash
-# Build with custom config
-docker build --platform=linux/amd64 --no-cache \
-  --build-arg CONFIG_PATH=/path/to/custom-config.yml \ 
-  -t crawl4ai:latest .
-```
-
-#### Method 3: Runtime Configuration
-```bash
-# Mount custom config at runtime
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 \
-  -v $(pwd)/custom-config.yml:/app/config.yml \
-  crawl4ai-server:prod
-```
-
-> 💡 Note: When using Method 2, `/path/to/custom-config.yml` is relative to deploy directory.
-> 💡 Note: When using Method 3, ensure your custom config file has all required fields as the container will use this instead of the built-in config.
-
-### Configuration Recommendations
-
-1. **Security First** 🔒
-   - Always enable security in production
-   - Use specific trusted_hosts instead of wildcards
-   - Set up proper rate limiting to protect your server
-   - Consider your environment before enabling HTTPS redirect
-
-2. **Resource Management** 💻
-   - Adjust memory_threshold_percent based on available RAM
-   - Set timeouts according to your content size and network conditions
-   - Use Redis for rate limiting in multi-container setups
-
-3. **Monitoring** 📊
-   - Enable Prometheus if you need metrics
-   - Set DEBUG logging in development, INFO in production
-   - Regular health check monitoring is crucial
-
-4. **Performance Tuning** ⚡
-   - Start with conservative rate limiter delays
-   - Increase batch_process timeout for large content
-   - Adjust stream_init timeout based on initial response times
-
-## Getting Help
-
-We're here to help you succeed with Crawl4AI! Here's how to get support:
-
-- 📖 Check our [full documentation](https://docs.crawl4ai.com)
-- 🐛 Found a bug? [Open an issue](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/issues)
-- 💬 Join our [Discord community](https://discord.gg/crawl4ai)
-- ⭐ Star us on GitHub to show support!
-
-## Summary
-
-In this guide, we've covered everything you need to get started with Crawl4AI's Docker deployment:
-- Building and running the Docker container
-- Configuring the environment
-- Making API requests with proper typing
-- Using the Python SDK
-- Monitoring your deployment
-
-Remember, the examples in the `examples` folder are your friends - they show real-world usage patterns that you can adapt for your needs.
-
-Keep exploring, and don't hesitate to reach out if you need help! We're building something amazing together. 🚀
-
-Happy crawling! 🕷️

deploy/aws/docker/api.py

@@ -1,442 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import json
-import asyncio
-from typing import List, Tuple
-
-import logging
-from typing import Optional, AsyncGenerator
-from urllib.parse import unquote
-from fastapi import HTTPException, Request, status
-from fastapi.background import BackgroundTasks
-from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
-from redis import asyncio as aioredis
-
-from crawl4ai import (
-    AsyncWebCrawler,
-    CrawlerRunConfig,
-    LLMExtractionStrategy,
-    CacheMode,
-    BrowserConfig,
-    MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher,
-    RateLimiter
-)
-from crawl4ai.utils import perform_completion_with_backoff
-from crawl4ai.content_filter_strategy import (
-    PruningContentFilter,
-    BM25ContentFilter,
-    LLMContentFilter
-)
-from crawl4ai.markdown_generation_strategy import DefaultMarkdownGenerator
-from crawl4ai.content_scraping_strategy import LXMLWebScrapingStrategy
-
-from utils import (
-    TaskStatus,
-    FilterType,
-    get_base_url,
-    is_task_id,
-    should_cleanup_task,
-    decode_redis_hash
-)
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-async def handle_llm_qa(
-    url: str,
-    query: str,
-    config: dict
-) -> str:
-    """Process QA using LLM with crawled content as context."""
-    try:
-        # Extract base URL by finding last '?q=' occurrence
-        last_q_index = url.rfind('?q=')
-        if last_q_index != -1:
-            url = url[:last_q_index]
-
-        # Get markdown content
-        async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
-            result = await crawler.arun(url)
-            if not result.success:
-                raise HTTPException(
-                    status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                    detail=result.error_message
-                )
-            content = result.markdown_v2.fit_markdown
-
-        # Create prompt and get LLM response
-        prompt = f"""Use the following content as context to answer the question.
-    Content:
-    {content}
-
-    Question: {query}
-
-    Answer:"""
-
-        response = perform_completion_with_backoff(
-            provider=config["llm"]["provider"],
-            prompt_with_variables=prompt,
-            api_token=os.environ.get(config["llm"].get("api_key_env", ""))
-        )
-
-        return response.choices[0].message.content
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"QA processing error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-            detail=str(e)
-        )
-
-async def process_llm_extraction(
-    redis: aioredis.Redis,
-    config: dict,
-    task_id: str,
-    url: str,
-    instruction: str,
-    schema: Optional[str] = None,
-    cache: str = "0"
-) -> None:
-    """Process LLM extraction in background."""
-    try:
-        # If config['llm'] has api_key then ignore the api_key_env
-        api_key = ""
-        if "api_key" in config["llm"]:
-            api_key = config["llm"]["api_key"]
-        else:
-            api_key = os.environ.get(config["llm"].get("api_key_env", None), "")
-        llm_strategy = LLMExtractionStrategy(
-            provider=config["llm"]["provider"],
-            api_token=api_key,
-            instruction=instruction,
-            schema=json.loads(schema) if schema else None,
-        )
-
-        cache_mode = CacheMode.ENABLED if cache == "1" else CacheMode.WRITE_ONLY
-
-        async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
-            result = await crawler.arun(
-                url=url,
-                config=CrawlerRunConfig(
-                    extraction_strategy=llm_strategy,
-                    scraping_strategy=LXMLWebScrapingStrategy(),
-                    cache_mode=cache_mode
-                )
-            )
-
-        if not result.success:
-            await redis.hset(f"task:{task_id}", mapping={
-                "status": TaskStatus.FAILED,
-                "error": result.error_message
-            })
-            return
-
-        try:
-            content = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
-        except json.JSONDecodeError:
-            content = result.extracted_content
-        await redis.hset(f"task:{task_id}", mapping={
-            "status": TaskStatus.COMPLETED,
-            "result": json.dumps(content)
-        })
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"LLM extraction error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        await redis.hset(f"task:{task_id}", mapping={
-            "status": TaskStatus.FAILED,
-            "error": str(e)
-        })
-
-async def handle_markdown_request(
-    url: str,
-    filter_type: FilterType,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    cache: str = "0",
-    config: Optional[dict] = None
-) -> str:
-    """Handle markdown generation requests."""
-    try:
-        decoded_url = unquote(url)
-        if not decoded_url.startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
-            decoded_url = 'https://' + decoded_url
-
-        if filter_type == FilterType.RAW:
-            md_generator = DefaultMarkdownGenerator()
-        else:
-            content_filter = {
-                FilterType.FIT: PruningContentFilter(),
-                FilterType.BM25: BM25ContentFilter(user_query=query or ""),
-                FilterType.LLM: LLMContentFilter(
-                    provider=config["llm"]["provider"],
-                    api_token=os.environ.get(config["llm"].get("api_key_env", None), ""),
-                    instruction=query or "Extract main content"
-                )
-            }[filter_type]
-            md_generator = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(content_filter=content_filter)
-
-        cache_mode = CacheMode.ENABLED if cache == "1" else CacheMode.WRITE_ONLY
-
-        async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
-            result = await crawler.arun(
-                url=decoded_url,
-                config=CrawlerRunConfig(
-                    markdown_generator=md_generator,
-                    scraping_strategy=LXMLWebScrapingStrategy(),
-                    cache_mode=cache_mode
-                )
-            )
-            
-            if not result.success:
-                raise HTTPException(
-                    status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                    detail=result.error_message
-                )
-
-            return (result.markdown_v2.raw_markdown 
-                   if filter_type == FilterType.RAW 
-                   else result.markdown_v2.fit_markdown)
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"Markdown error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-            detail=str(e)
-        )
-
-async def handle_llm_request(
-    redis: aioredis.Redis,
-    background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
-    request: Request,
-    input_path: str,
-    query: Optional[str] = None,
-    schema: Optional[str] = None,
-    cache: str = "0",
-    config: Optional[dict] = None
-) -> JSONResponse:
-    """Handle LLM extraction requests."""
-    base_url = get_base_url(request)
-    
-    try:
-        if is_task_id(input_path):
-            return await handle_task_status(
-                redis, input_path, base_url
-            )
-
-        if not query:
-            return JSONResponse({
-                "message": "Please provide an instruction",
-                "_links": {
-                    "example": {
-                        "href": f"{base_url}/llm/{input_path}?q=Extract+main+content",
-                        "title": "Try this example"
-                    }
-                }
-            })
-
-        return await create_new_task(
-            redis,
-            background_tasks,
-            input_path,
-            query,
-            schema,
-            cache,
-            base_url,
-            config
-        )
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"LLM endpoint error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        return JSONResponse({
-            "error": str(e),
-            "_links": {
-                "retry": {"href": str(request.url)}
-            }
-        }, status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
-
-async def handle_task_status(
-    redis: aioredis.Redis,
-    task_id: str,
-    base_url: str
-) -> JSONResponse:
-    """Handle task status check requests."""
-    task = await redis.hgetall(f"task:{task_id}")
-    if not task:
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
-            detail="Task not found"
-        )
-
-    task = decode_redis_hash(task)
-    response = create_task_response(task, task_id, base_url)
-
-    if task["status"] in [TaskStatus.COMPLETED, TaskStatus.FAILED]:
-        if should_cleanup_task(task["created_at"]):
-            await redis.delete(f"task:{task_id}")
-
-    return JSONResponse(response)
-
-async def create_new_task(
-    redis: aioredis.Redis,
-    background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
-    input_path: str,
-    query: str,
-    schema: Optional[str],
-    cache: str,
-    base_url: str,
-    config: dict
-) -> JSONResponse:
-    """Create and initialize a new task."""
-    decoded_url = unquote(input_path)
-    if not decoded_url.startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
-        decoded_url = 'https://' + decoded_url
-
-    from datetime import datetime
-    task_id = f"llm_{int(datetime.now().timestamp())}_{id(background_tasks)}"
-    
-    await redis.hset(f"task:{task_id}", mapping={
-        "status": TaskStatus.PROCESSING,
-        "created_at": datetime.now().isoformat(),
-        "url": decoded_url
-    })
-
-    background_tasks.add_task(
-        process_llm_extraction,
-        redis,
-        config,
-        task_id,
-        decoded_url,
-        query,
-        schema,
-        cache
-    )
-
-    return JSONResponse({
-        "task_id": task_id,
-        "status": TaskStatus.PROCESSING,
-        "url": decoded_url,
-        "_links": {
-            "self": {"href": f"{base_url}/llm/{task_id}"},
-            "status": {"href": f"{base_url}/llm/{task_id}"}
-        }
-    })
-
-def create_task_response(task: dict, task_id: str, base_url: str) -> dict:
-    """Create response for task status check."""
-    response = {
-        "task_id": task_id,
-        "status": task["status"],
-        "created_at": task["created_at"],
-        "url": task["url"],
-        "_links": {
-            "self": {"href": f"{base_url}/llm/{task_id}"},
-            "refresh": {"href": f"{base_url}/llm/{task_id}"}
-        }
-    }
-
-    if task["status"] == TaskStatus.COMPLETED:
-        response["result"] = json.loads(task["result"])
-    elif task["status"] == TaskStatus.FAILED:
-        response["error"] = task["error"]
-
-    return response
-
-async def stream_results(crawler: AsyncWebCrawler, results_gen: AsyncGenerator) -> AsyncGenerator[bytes, None]:
-    """Stream results with heartbeats and completion markers."""
-    import json
-    from utils import datetime_handler
-
-    try:
-        async for result in results_gen:
-            try:
-                result_dict = result.model_dump()
-                logger.info(f"Streaming result for {result_dict.get('url', 'unknown')}")
-                data = json.dumps(result_dict, default=datetime_handler) + "\n"
-                yield data.encode('utf-8')
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"Serialization error: {e}")
-                error_response = {"error": str(e), "url": getattr(result, 'url', 'unknown')}
-                yield (json.dumps(error_response) + "\n").encode('utf-8')
-
-        yield json.dumps({"status": "completed"}).encode('utf-8')
-        
-    except asyncio.CancelledError:
-        logger.warning("Client disconnected during streaming")
-    finally:
-        try:
-            await crawler.close()
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"Crawler cleanup error: {e}")
-
-async def handle_crawl_request(
-    urls: List[str],
-    browser_config: dict,
-    crawler_config: dict,
-    config: dict
-) -> dict:
-    """Handle non-streaming crawl requests."""
-    try:
-        browser_config = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config)
-        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config)
-
-        dispatcher = MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(
-            memory_threshold_percent=config["crawler"]["memory_threshold_percent"],
-            rate_limiter=RateLimiter(
-                base_delay=tuple(config["crawler"]["rate_limiter"]["base_delay"])
-            )
-        )
-
-        async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
-            results = await crawler.arun_many(
-                urls=urls,
-                config=crawler_config,
-                dispatcher=dispatcher
-            )
-            
-            return {
-                "success": True,
-                "results": [result.model_dump() for result in results]
-            }
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"Crawl error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-            detail=str(e)
-        )
-
-async def handle_stream_crawl_request(
-    urls: List[str],
-    browser_config: dict,
-    crawler_config: dict,
-    config: dict
-) -> Tuple[AsyncWebCrawler, AsyncGenerator]:
-    """Handle streaming crawl requests."""
-    try:
-        browser_config = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config)
-        browser_config.verbose = True
-        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config)
-        crawler_config.scraping_strategy = LXMLWebScrapingStrategy()
-
-        dispatcher = MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(
-            memory_threshold_percent=config["crawler"]["memory_threshold_percent"],
-            rate_limiter=RateLimiter(
-                base_delay=tuple(config["crawler"]["rate_limiter"]["base_delay"])
-            )
-        )
-
-        crawler = AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config)
-        await crawler.start()
-
-        results_gen = await crawler.arun_many(
-            urls=urls,
-            config=crawler_config,
-            dispatcher=dispatcher
-        )
-
-        return crawler, results_gen
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        if 'crawler' in locals():
-            await crawler.close()
-        logger.error(f"Stream crawl error: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-            detail=str(e)
-        )

deploy/aws/docker/auth.py

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-import os
-from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
-from typing import Dict, Optional
-from jwt import JWT, jwk_from_dict
-from jwt.utils import get_int_from_datetime
-from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException
-from fastapi.security import HTTPBearer, HTTPAuthorizationCredentials
-from pydantic import EmailStr
-from pydantic.main import BaseModel
-import base64
-
-instance = JWT()
-security = HTTPBearer()
-SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY", "mysecret")
-ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 60
-
-def get_jwk_from_secret(secret: str):
-    """Convert a secret string into a JWK object."""
-    secret_bytes = secret.encode('utf-8')
-    b64_secret = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(secret_bytes).rstrip(b'=').decode('utf-8')
-    return jwk_from_dict({"kty": "oct", "k": b64_secret})
-
-def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None) -> str:
-    """Create a JWT access token with an expiration."""
-    to_encode = data.copy()
-    expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + (expires_delta or timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES))
-    to_encode.update({"exp": get_int_from_datetime(expire)})
-    signing_key = get_jwk_from_secret(SECRET_KEY)
-    return instance.encode(to_encode, signing_key, alg='HS256')
-
-def verify_token(credentials: HTTPAuthorizationCredentials = Depends(security)) -> Dict:
-    """Verify the JWT token from the Authorization header."""
-    token = credentials.credentials
-    verifying_key = get_jwk_from_secret(SECRET_KEY)
-    try:
-        payload = instance.decode(token, verifying_key, do_time_check=True, algorithms='HS256')
-        return payload
-    except Exception:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Invalid or expired token")
-
-def get_token_dependency(config: Dict):
-    """Return the token dependency if JWT is enabled, else None."""
-    return verify_token if config.get("security", {}).get("jwt_enabled", False) else None
-
-class TokenRequest(BaseModel):
-    email: EmailStr

deploy/aws/docker/config.yml

@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# Application Configuration
-app:
-  title: "Crawl4AI API"
-  version: "1.0.0"
-  host: "0.0.0.0"
-  port: 8000
-  reload: True
-  timeout_keep_alive: 300
-
-# Default LLM Configuration
-llm:
-  provider: "openai/gpt-4o-mini"
-  api_key_env: "OPENAI_API_KEY"
-  # api_key: sk-...  # If you pass the API key directly then api_key_env will be ignored
-
-# Redis Configuration
-redis:
-  host: "localhost"
-  port: 6379
-  db: 0
-  password: ""
-  ssl: False
-  ssl_cert_reqs: None
-  ssl_ca_certs: None
-  ssl_certfile: None
-  ssl_keyfile: None
-  ssl_cert_reqs: None
-  ssl_ca_certs: None
-  ssl_certfile: None
-  ssl_keyfile: None
-
-# Rate Limiting Configuration
-rate_limiting:
-  enabled: True
-  default_limit: "1000/minute"
-  trusted_proxies: []
-  storage_uri: "memory://"  # Use "redis://localhost:6379" for production
-
-# Security Configuration
-security:
-  enabled: true 
-  jwt_enabled: true 
-  https_redirect: false
-  trusted_hosts: ["*"]
-  headers:
-    x_content_type_options: "nosniff"
-    x_frame_options: "DENY"
-    content_security_policy: "default-src 'self'"
-    strict_transport_security: "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains"
-
-# Crawler Configuration
-crawler:
-  memory_threshold_percent: 95.0
-  rate_limiter:
-    base_delay: [1.0, 2.0]
-  timeouts:
-    stream_init: 30.0  # Timeout for stream initialization
-    batch_process: 300.0  # Timeout for batch processing
-
-# Logging Configuration
-logging:
-  level: "INFO"
-  format: "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
-
-# Observability Configuration
-observability:
-  prometheus:
-    enabled: True
-    endpoint: "/metrics"
-  health_check:
-    endpoint: "/health"

deploy/aws/docker/requirements.txt

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-crawl4ai
-fastapi
-uvicorn
-gunicorn>=23.0.0
-slowapi>=0.1.9
-prometheus-fastapi-instrumentator>=7.0.2
-redis>=5.2.1
-jwt>=1.3.1
-dnspython>=2.7.0
-email-validator>=2.2.0

deploy/aws/docker/server.py

@@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import sys
-import time
-from typing import List, Optional, Dict
-from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Request, Query, Path, Depends
-from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse, RedirectResponse, PlainTextResponse, JSONResponse
-from fastapi.middleware.httpsredirect import HTTPSRedirectMiddleware
-from fastapi.middleware.trustedhost import TrustedHostMiddleware
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
-from slowapi import Limiter
-from slowapi.util import get_remote_address
-from prometheus_fastapi_instrumentator import Instrumentator
-from redis import asyncio as aioredis
-
-sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
-from utils import FilterType, load_config, setup_logging, verify_email_domain
-from api import (
-    handle_markdown_request,
-    handle_llm_qa,
-    handle_stream_crawl_request,
-    handle_crawl_request,
-    stream_results
-)
-from auth import create_access_token, get_token_dependency, TokenRequest  # Import from auth.py
-
-__version__ = "0.2.6"
-
-class CrawlRequest(BaseModel):
-    urls: List[str] = Field(min_length=1, max_length=100)
-    browser_config: Optional[Dict] = Field(default_factory=dict)
-    crawler_config: Optional[Dict] = Field(default_factory=dict)
-
-# Load configuration and setup
-config = load_config()
-setup_logging(config)
-
-# Initialize Redis
-redis = aioredis.from_url(config["redis"].get("uri", "redis://localhost"))
-
-# Initialize rate limiter
-limiter = Limiter(
-    key_func=get_remote_address,
-    default_limits=[config["rate_limiting"]["default_limit"]],
-    storage_uri=config["rate_limiting"]["storage_uri"]
-)
-
-app = FastAPI(
-    title=config["app"]["title"],
-    version=config["app"]["version"]
-)
-
-# Configure middleware
-def setup_security_middleware(app, config):
-    sec_config = config.get("security", {})
-    if sec_config.get("enabled", False):
-        if sec_config.get("https_redirect", False):
-            app.add_middleware(HTTPSRedirectMiddleware)
-        if sec_config.get("trusted_hosts", []) != ["*"]:
-            app.add_middleware(TrustedHostMiddleware, allowed_hosts=sec_config["trusted_hosts"])
-
-setup_security_middleware(app, config)
-
-# Prometheus instrumentation
-if config["observability"]["prometheus"]["enabled"]:
-    Instrumentator().instrument(app).expose(app)
-
-# Get token dependency based on config
-token_dependency = get_token_dependency(config)
-
-# Middleware for security headers
-@app.middleware("http")
-async def add_security_headers(request: Request, call_next):
-    response = await call_next(request)
-    if config["security"]["enabled"]:
-        response.headers.update(config["security"]["headers"])
-    return response
-
-# Token endpoint (always available, but usage depends on config)
-@app.post("/token")
-async def get_token(request_data: TokenRequest):
-    if not verify_email_domain(request_data.email):
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid email domain")
-    token = create_access_token({"sub": request_data.email})
-    return {"email": request_data.email, "access_token": token, "token_type": "bearer"}
-
-# Endpoints with conditional auth
-@app.get("/md/{url:path}")
-@limiter.limit(config["rate_limiting"]["default_limit"])
-async def get_markdown(
-    request: Request,
-    url: str,
-    f: FilterType = FilterType.FIT,
-    q: Optional[str] = None,
-    c: Optional[str] = "0",
-    token_data: Optional[Dict] = Depends(token_dependency)
-):
-    result = await handle_markdown_request(url, f, q, c, config)
-    return PlainTextResponse(result)
-
-@app.get("/llm/{url:path}", description="URL should be without http/https prefix")
-async def llm_endpoint(
-    request: Request,
-    url: str = Path(...),
-    q: Optional[str] = Query(None),
-    token_data: Optional[Dict] = Depends(token_dependency)
-):
-    if not q:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Query parameter 'q' is required")
-    if not url.startswith(('http://', 'https://')):
-        url = 'https://' + url
-    try:
-        answer = await handle_llm_qa(url, q, config)
-        return JSONResponse({"answer": answer})
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
-
-@app.get("/schema")
-async def get_schema():
-    from crawl4ai import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
-    return {"browser": BrowserConfig().dump(), "crawler": CrawlerRunConfig().dump()}
-
-@app.get(config["observability"]["health_check"]["endpoint"])
-async def health():
-    return {"status": "ok", "timestamp": time.time(), "version": __version__}
-
-@app.get(config["observability"]["prometheus"]["endpoint"])
-async def metrics():
-    return RedirectResponse(url=config["observability"]["prometheus"]["endpoint"])
-
-@app.post("/crawl")
-@limiter.limit(config["rate_limiting"]["default_limit"])
-async def crawl(
-    request: Request,
-    crawl_request: CrawlRequest,
-    token_data: Optional[Dict] = Depends(token_dependency)
-):
-    if not crawl_request.urls:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="At least one URL required")
-    
-    results = await handle_crawl_request(
-        urls=crawl_request.urls,
-        browser_config=crawl_request.browser_config,
-        crawler_config=crawl_request.crawler_config,
-        config=config
-    )
-
-    return JSONResponse(results)
-
-
-@app.post("/crawl/stream")
-@limiter.limit(config["rate_limiting"]["default_limit"])
-async def crawl_stream(
-    request: Request,
-    crawl_request: CrawlRequest,
-    token_data: Optional[Dict] = Depends(token_dependency)
-):
-    if not crawl_request.urls:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="At least one URL required")
-
-    crawler, results_gen = await handle_stream_crawl_request(
-        urls=crawl_request.urls,
-        browser_config=crawl_request.browser_config,
-        crawler_config=crawl_request.crawler_config,
-        config=config
-    )
-
-    return StreamingResponse(
-        stream_results(crawler, results_gen),
-        media_type='application/x-ndjson',
-        headers={'Cache-Control': 'no-cache', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'X-Stream-Status': 'active'}
-    )
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    import uvicorn
-    uvicorn.run(
-        "server:app",
-        host=config["app"]["host"],
-        port=config["app"]["port"],
-        reload=config["app"]["reload"],
-        timeout_keep_alive=config["app"]["timeout_keep_alive"]
-    )

deploy/aws/docker/supervisord.conf

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-[supervisord]
-nodaemon=true
-
-[program:redis]
-command=redis-server
-autorestart=true
-priority=10
-
-[program:gunicorn]
-command=gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 --workers 4 --threads 2 --timeout 300 --graceful-timeout 60 --keep-alive 65 --log-level debug --worker-class uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker --max-requests 1000 --max-requests-jitter 50 server:app
-autorestart=true
-priority=20

deploy/aws/docker/utils.py

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-import dns.resolver
-import logging
-import yaml
-from datetime import datetime
-from enum import Enum
-from pathlib import Path
-from fastapi import Request
-from typing import Dict, Optional
-
-class TaskStatus(str, Enum):
-    PROCESSING = "processing"
-    FAILED = "failed"
-    COMPLETED = "completed"
-
-class FilterType(str, Enum):
-    RAW = "raw"
-    FIT = "fit"
-    BM25 = "bm25"
-    LLM = "llm"
-
-def load_config() -> Dict:
-    """Load and return application configuration."""
-    config_path = Path(__file__).parent / "config.yml"
-    with open(config_path, "r") as config_file:
-        return yaml.safe_load(config_file)
-
-def setup_logging(config: Dict) -> None:
-    """Configure application logging."""
-    logging.basicConfig(
-        level=config["logging"]["level"],
-        format=config["logging"]["format"]
-    )
-
-def get_base_url(request: Request) -> str:
-    """Get base URL including scheme and host."""
-    return f"{request.url.scheme}://{request.url.netloc}"
-
-def is_task_id(value: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if the value matches task ID pattern."""
-    return value.startswith("llm_") and "_" in value
-
-def datetime_handler(obj: any) -> Optional[str]:
-    """Handle datetime serialization for JSON."""
-    if hasattr(obj, 'isoformat'):
-        return obj.isoformat()
-    raise TypeError(f"Object of type {type(obj)} is not JSON serializable")
-
-def should_cleanup_task(created_at: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if task should be cleaned up based on creation time."""
-    created = datetime.fromisoformat(created_at)
-    return (datetime.now() - created).total_seconds() > 3600
-
-def decode_redis_hash(hash_data: Dict[bytes, bytes]) -> Dict[str, str]:
-    """Decode Redis hash data from bytes to strings."""
-    return {k.decode('utf-8'): v.decode('utf-8') for k, v in hash_data.items()}
-
-
-
-def verify_email_domain(email: str) -> bool:
-    try:
-        domain = email.split('@')[1]
-        # Try to resolve MX records for the domain.
-        records = dns.resolver.resolve(domain, 'MX')
-        return True if records else False
-    except Exception as e:
-        return False

deploy/aws/howto.md

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-# Crawl4AI API Quickstart
-
-This document shows how to generate an API token and use it to call the `/crawl` and `/md` endpoints.
-
----
-
-## 1. Crawl Example
-
-Send a POST request to `/crawl` with the following JSON payload:
-
-```json
-{
-  "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-  "browser_config": { "headless": true, "verbose": true },
-  "crawler_config": { "stream": false, "cache_mode": "enabled" }
-}
-```
-
-**cURL Command:**
-
-```bash
-curl -X POST "https://api.crawl4ai.com/crawl" \
-  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_TOKEN" \
-  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-  -d '{
-        "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-        "browser_config": {"headless": true, "verbose": true},
-        "crawler_config": {"stream": false, "cache_mode": "enabled"}
-      }'
-```
-
----
-
-## 2. Markdown Retrieval Example
-
-To retrieve markdown from a given URL (e.g., `https://example.com`), use:
-
-```bash
-curl -X GET "https://api.crawl4ai.com/md/example.com" \
-  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_TOKEN"
-```
-
----
-
-## 3. Python Code Example (Using `requests`)
-
-Below is a sample Python script that demonstrates using the `requests` library to call the API endpoints:
-
-```python
-import requests
-
-BASE_URL = "https://api.crawl4ai.com"
-TOKEN = "YOUR_API_TOKEN"  # Replace with your actual token
-
-headers = {
-    "Authorization": f"Bearer {TOKEN}",
-    "Content-Type": "application/json"
-}
-
-# Crawl endpoint example
-crawl_payload = {
-    "urls": ["https://example.com"],
-    "browser_config": {"headless": True, "verbose": True},
-    "crawler_config": {"stream": False, "cache_mode": "enabled"}
-}
-
-crawl_response = requests.post(f"{BASE_URL}/crawl", json=crawl_payload, headers=headers)
-print("Crawl Response:", crawl_response.json())
-
-# /md endpoint example
-md_response = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/md/example.com", headers=headers)
-print("Markdown Content:", md_response.text)
-```
-
----
-
-Happy crawling!

deploy/aws/nginx/Dockerfile

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-FROM nginx:alpine
-COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

deploy/aws/nginx/nginx.conf

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-server {
-    listen 80;
-    server_name api.crawl4ai.com;
-
-    # Main logging settings
-    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log debug;
-    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log combined buffer=512k flush=1m;
-
-    # Timeout and buffering settings
-    proxy_connect_timeout 300;
-    proxy_send_timeout 300;
-    proxy_read_timeout 300;
-    send_timeout 300;
-    proxy_buffer_size 128k;
-    proxy_buffers 4 256k;
-    proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
-
-    # Health check location
-    location /health {
-        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/health;
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-    }
-
-    # Main proxy for application endpoints
-    location / {
-        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        add_header X-Debug-Info $request_uri;
-        proxy_request_buffering off;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_buffering off;
-    }
-
-    # New endpoint: serve Nginx error log
-    location /nginx/error {
-        # Using "alias" to serve the error log file
-        alias /var/log/nginx/error.log;
-        # Optionally, you might restrict access with "allow" and "deny" directives.
-    }
-
-    # New endpoint: serve Nginx access log
-    location /nginx/access {
-        alias /var/log/nginx/access.log;
-    }
-
-    client_max_body_size 10M;
-    client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-}

deploy/aws/version.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-v0.1.0

deploy/docker/README.md

@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ async def test_stream_crawl(session, token: str):
             "https://example.com/page3",  
         ],
         "browser_config": {"headless": True, "viewport": {"width": 1200}},
-        "crawler_config": {"stream": True, "cache_mode": "aggressive"}
+        "crawler_config": {"stream": True, "cache_mode": "bypass"}
     }
 
     # headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"} # If JWT is enabled, more on this later

deploy/docker/api.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import os
 import json
 import asyncio
 from typing import List, Tuple
+from functools import partial
 
 import logging
 from typing import Optional, AsyncGenerator
@@ -388,12 +389,13 @@ async def handle_crawl_request(
         )
 
         async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
-            results = await crawler.arun_many(
-                urls=urls,
-                config=crawler_config,
-                dispatcher=dispatcher
-            )
-            
+            results = []
+            func = getattr(crawler, "arun" if len(urls) == 1 else "arun_many")
+            partial_func = partial(func, 
+                                   urls[0] if len(urls) == 1 else urls, 
+                                   config=crawler_config, 
+                                   dispatcher=dispatcher)
+            results = await partial_func()
             return {
                 "success": True,
                 "results": [result.model_dump() for result in results]

deploy/gcloud-function/Dockerfile

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-FROM --platform=linux/amd64 python:3.10-slim
-
-# Install system dependencies required for Chromium and Git
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
-    python3-dev \
-    pkg-config \
-    libjpeg-dev \
-    gcc \
-    build-essential \
-    libnss3 \
-    libnspr4 \
-    libatk1.0-0 \
-    libatk-bridge2.0-0 \
-    libcups2 \
-    libdrm2 \
-    libxkbcommon0 \
-    libxcomposite1 \
-    libxdamage1 \
-    libxfixes3 \
-    libxrandr2 \
-    libgbm1 \
-    libasound2 \
-    libpango-1.0-0 \
-    libcairo2 \
-    procps \
-    git \
-    socat \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-WORKDIR /app
-
-# Make a directory for crawl4ai call it crawl4ai_repo
-# RUN mkdir crawl4ai_repo
-
-# # Clone Crawl4ai from the next branch and install it
-# RUN git clone --branch next https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git ./crawl4ai_repo \
-#     && cd crawl4ai_repo \
-#     && pip install . \
-#     && cd .. \
-#     && rm -rf crawl4ai_repo
-
-RUN python3 -m venv /app/venv
-ENV PATH="/app/venv/bin:$PATH"
-# RUN pip install git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@next
-   
-# Copy requirements and install remaining dependencies
-COPY requirements.txt .
-RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
-
-# Copy application files
-COPY resources /app/resources
-COPY main.py .
-COPY start.sh .
-
-# Set permissions for Chrome binary and start script
-RUN chmod +x /app/resources/chrome/headless_shell && \
-    chmod -R 755 /app/resources/chrome && \
-    chmod +x start.sh
-
-ENV FUNCTION_TARGET=crawl
-EXPOSE 8080 9223
-
-CMD ["/app/start.sh"]

deploy/gcloud-function/config.yml

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-project_id: PROJECT_ID
-region: REGION_NAME
-artifact_repo: ARTIFACT_REPO_NAME
-function_name: FUNCTION_NAME
-memory: "2048MB"
-timeout: "540s"
-local_image: "gcr.io/ARTIFACT_REPO_NAME/crawl4ai:latest"
-test_query_url: "https://example.com"

deploy/gcloud-function/deploy.py

@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-import argparse
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import yaml
-import requests
-
-def run_command(cmd, explanation, require_confirm=True, allow_already_exists=False):
-    print("\n=== {} ===".format(explanation))
-    if require_confirm:
-        input("Press Enter to run: [{}]\n".format(cmd))
-    print("Running: {}".format(cmd))
-    result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True, capture_output=True, text=True)
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        if allow_already_exists and "ALREADY_EXISTS" in result.stderr:
-            print("Repository already exists, skipping creation.")
-            return ""
-        print("Error:\n{}".format(result.stderr))
-        sys.exit(1)
-    out = result.stdout.strip()
-    if out:
-        print("Output:\n{}".format(out))
-    return out
-
-def load_config():
-    try:
-        with open("config.yml", "r") as f:
-            config = yaml.safe_load(f)
-    except Exception as e:
-        print("Failed to load config.yml: {}".format(e))
-        sys.exit(1)
-    required = ["project_id", "region", "artifact_repo", "function_name", "local_image"]
-    for key in required:
-        if key not in config or not config[key]:
-            print("Missing required config parameter: {}".format(key))
-            sys.exit(1)
-    return config
-
-def deploy_function(config):
-    project_id     = config["project_id"]
-    region         = config["region"]
-    artifact_repo  = config["artifact_repo"]
-    function_name  = config["function_name"]
-    memory         = config.get("memory", "2048MB")
-    timeout        = config.get("timeout", "540s")
-    local_image    = config["local_image"]
-    test_query_url = config.get("test_query_url", "https://example.com")
-
-    # Repository image format: "<region>-docker.pkg.dev/<project_id>/<artifact_repo>/<function_name>:latest"
-    repo_image = f"{region}-docker.pkg.dev/{project_id}/{artifact_repo}/{function_name}:latest"
-
-    # 1. Create Artifact Registry repository (skip if exists)
-    cmd = f"gcloud artifacts repositories create {artifact_repo} --repository-format=docker --location={region} --project={project_id}"
-    run_command(cmd, "Creating Artifact Registry repository (if it doesn't exist)", allow_already_exists=True)
-
-    # 2. Tag the local Docker image with the repository image name
-    cmd = f"docker tag {local_image} {repo_image}"
-    run_command(cmd, "Tagging Docker image for Artifact Registry")
-
-    # 3. Authenticate Docker to Artifact Registry
-    cmd = f"gcloud auth configure-docker {region}-docker.pkg.dev"
-    run_command(cmd, "Authenticating Docker to Artifact Registry")
-
-    # 4. Push the tagged Docker image to Artifact Registry
-    cmd = f"docker push {repo_image}"
-    run_command(cmd, "Pushing Docker image to Artifact Registry")
-
-    # 5. Deploy the Cloud Function using the custom container
-    cmd = (
-        f"gcloud beta functions deploy {function_name} "
-        f"--gen2 "
-        f"--runtime=python310 "
-        f"--entry-point=crawl "
-        f"--region={region} "
-        f"--docker-repository={region}-docker.pkg.dev/{project_id}/{artifact_repo} "
-        f"--trigger-http "
-        f"--memory={memory} "
-        f"--timeout={timeout} "
-        f"--project={project_id}"
-    )
-    run_command(cmd, "Deploying Cloud Function using custom container")
-
-    # 6. Set the Cloud Function to allow public (unauthenticated) invocations
-    cmd = (
-        f"gcloud functions add-iam-policy-binding {function_name} "
-        f"--region={region} "
-        f"--member='allUsers' "
-        f"--role='roles/cloudfunctions.invoker' "
-        f"--project={project_id}"
-        f"--quiet"
-    )
-    run_command(cmd, "Setting Cloud Function IAM to allow public invocations")
-
-    # 7. Retrieve the deployed Cloud Function URL
-    cmd = (
-        f"gcloud functions describe {function_name} "
-        f"--region={region} "
-        f"--project={project_id} "
-        f"--format='value(serviceConfig.uri)'"
-    )
-    deployed_url = run_command(cmd, "Extracting deployed Cloud Function URL", require_confirm=False)
-    print("\nDeployed URL: {}\n".format(deployed_url))
-
-    # 8. Test the deployed function
-    test_url = f"{deployed_url}?url={test_query_url}"
-    print("Testing function with: {}".format(test_url))
-    try:
-        response = requests.get(test_url)
-        print("Response status: {}".format(response.status_code))
-        print("Response body:\n{}".format(response.text))
-        if response.status_code == 200:
-            print("Test successful!")
-        else:
-            print("Non-200 response; check function logs.")
-    except Exception as e:
-        print("Test request error: {}".format(e))
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    # 9. Final usage help
-    print("\nDeployment complete!")
-    print("Invoke your function with:")
-    print(f"curl '{deployed_url}?url={test_query_url}'")
-    print("For further instructions, refer to your documentation.")
-
-def delete_function(config):
-    project_id    = config["project_id"]
-    region        = config["region"]
-    function_name = config["function_name"]
-    cmd = f"gcloud functions delete {function_name} --region={region} --project={project_id} --quiet"
-    run_command(cmd, "Deleting Cloud Function")
-
-def describe_function(config):
-    project_id    = config["project_id"]
-    region        = config["region"]
-    function_name = config["function_name"]
-    cmd = (
-        f"gcloud functions describe {function_name} "
-        f"--region={region} "
-        f"--project={project_id} "
-        f"--format='value(serviceConfig.uri)'"
-    )
-    deployed_url = run_command(cmd, "Describing Cloud Function to extract URL", require_confirm=False)
-    print("\nCloud Function URL: {}\n".format(deployed_url))
-
-def clear_all(config):
-    print("\n=== CLEAR ALL RESOURCES ===")
-    project_id    = config["project_id"]
-    region        = config["region"]
-    artifact_repo = config["artifact_repo"]
-
-    confirm = input("WARNING: This will DELETE the Cloud Function and the Artifact Registry repository. Are you sure? (y/N): ")
-    if confirm.lower() != "y":
-        print("Aborting clear operation.")
-        sys.exit(0)
-
-    # Delete the Cloud Function
-    delete_function(config)
-    # Delete the Artifact Registry repository
-    cmd = f"gcloud artifacts repositories delete {artifact_repo} --location={region} --project={project_id} --quiet"
-    run_command(cmd, "Deleting Artifact Registry repository", require_confirm=False)
-    print("All resources cleared.")
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Deploy, delete, describe, or clear Cloud Function resources using config.yml")
-    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", required=True)
-
-    subparsers.add_parser("deploy", help="Deploy the Cloud Function")
-    subparsers.add_parser("delete", help="Delete the deployed Cloud Function")
-    subparsers.add_parser("describe", help="Describe the Cloud Function and return its URL")
-    subparsers.add_parser("clear", help="Delete the Cloud Function and Artifact Registry repository")
-
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-    config = load_config()
-
-    if args.command == "deploy":
-        deploy_function(config)
-    elif args.command == "delete":
-        delete_function(config)
-    elif args.command == "describe":
-        describe_function(config)
-    elif args.command == "clear":
-        clear_all(config)
-    else:
-        parser.print_help()
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

deploy/gcloud-function/guide.md

@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-# Deploying Crawl4ai on Google Cloud Functions
-
-This guide explains how to deploy **Crawl4ai**—an open‑source web crawler library—on Google Cloud Functions Gen2 using a custom container. We assume your project folder already includes:
-
-- **Dockerfile:** Builds your container image (which installs Crawl4ai from its Git repository).
-- **start.sh:** Activates your virtual environment and starts the function (using the Functions Framework).
-- **main.py:** Contains your function logic with the entry point `crawl` (and imports Crawl4ai).
-
-The guide is divided into two parts:
-1. Manual deployment steps (using CLI commands)
-2. Automated deployment using a Python script (`deploy.py`)
-
----
-
-## Part 1: Manual Deployment Process
-
-### Prerequisites
-
-- **Google Cloud Project:** Ensure your project is active and billing is enabled.
-- **Google Cloud CLI & Docker:** Installed and configured on your local machine.
-- **Permissions:** You must have rights to create Cloud Functions and Artifact Registry repositories.
-- **Files:** Your Dockerfile, start.sh, and main.py should be in the same directory.
-
-### Step 1: Build Your Docker Image
-
-Your Dockerfile packages Crawl4ai along with all its dependencies. Build your image with:
-
-```bash
-docker build -t gcr.io/<PROJECT_ID>/<FUNCTION_NAME>:latest .
-```
-
-Replace `<PROJECT_ID>` with your Google Cloud project ID and `<FUNCTION_NAME>` with your chosen function name (for example, `crawl4ai-t1`).
-
-### Step 2: Create an Artifact Registry Repository
-
-Cloud Functions Gen2 requires your custom container image to reside in an Artifact Registry repository. Create one by running:
-
-```bash
-gcloud artifacts repositories create <ARTIFACT_REPO> \
-  --repository-format=docker \
-  --location=<REGION> \
-  --project=<PROJECT_ID>
-```
-
-Replace `<ARTIFACT_REPO>` (for example, `crawl4ai`) and `<REGION>` (for example, `asia-east1`).  
-> **Note:** If you receive an `ALREADY_EXISTS` error, the repository is already created; simply proceed to the next step.
-
-### Step 3: Tag Your Docker Image
-
-Tag your locally built Docker image so it matches the Artifact Registry format:
-
-```bash
-docker tag gcr.io/<PROJECT_ID>/<FUNCTION_NAME>:latest <REGION>-docker.pkg.dev/<PROJECT_ID>/<ARTIFACT_REPO>/<FUNCTION_NAME>:latest
-```
-
-This step “renames” the image so you can push it to your repository.
-
-### Step 4: Authenticate Docker to Artifact Registry
-
-Configure Docker authentication to the Artifact Registry:
-
-```bash
-gcloud auth configure-docker <REGION>-docker.pkg.dev
-```
-
-This ensures Docker can securely push images to your registry using your Cloud credentials.
-
-### Step 5: Push the Docker Image
-
-Push the tagged image to Artifact Registry:
-
-```bash
-docker push <REGION>-docker.pkg.dev/<PROJECT_ID>/<ARTIFACT_REPO>/<FUNCTION_NAME>:latest
-```
-
-Once complete, your container image (with Crawl4ai installed) is hosted in Artifact Registry.
-
-### Step 6: Deploy the Cloud Function
-
-Deploy your function using the custom container image. Run:
-
-```bash
-gcloud beta functions deploy <FUNCTION_NAME> \
-  --gen2 \
-  --region=<REGION> \
-  --docker-repository=<REGION>-docker.pkg.dev/<PROJECT_ID>/<ARTIFACT_REPO> \
-  --trigger-http \
-  --memory=2048MB \
-  --timeout=540s \
-  --project=<PROJECT_ID>
-```
-
-This command tells Cloud Functions Gen2 to pull your container image from Artifact Registry and deploy it. Make sure your main.py defines the `crawl` entry point.
-
-### Step 7: Make the Function Public
-
-To allow external (unauthenticated) access, update the function’s IAM policy:
-
-```bash
-gcloud functions add-iam-policy-binding <FUNCTION_NAME> \
-  --region=<REGION> \
-  --member="allUsers" \
-  --role="roles/cloudfunctions.invoker" \
-  --project=<PROJECT_ID> \
-  --quiet
-```
-
-Using the `--quiet` flag ensures the command runs non‑interactively so the policy is applied immediately.
-
-### Step 8: Retrieve and Test Your Function URL
-
-Get the URL for your deployed function:
-
-```bash
-gcloud functions describe <FUNCTION_NAME> \
-  --region=<REGION> \
-  --project=<PROJECT_ID> \
-  --format='value(serviceConfig.uri)'
-```
-
-Test your deployment with a sample GET request (using curl or your browser):
-
-```bash
-curl "<FUNCTION_URL>?url=https://example.com"
-```
-
-Replace `<FUNCTION_URL>` with the output URL from the previous command. A successful test (HTTP status 200) means Crawl4ai is running on Cloud Functions.
-
----
-
-## Part 2: Automated Deployment with deploy.py
-
-For a more streamlined process, use the provided `deploy.py` script. This Python script automates the manual steps, prompting you to confirm key actions and providing detailed logs throughout the process.
-
-### What deploy.py Does:
-
-- **Reads Parameters:** It loads a `config.yml` file containing all necessary parameters such as `project_id`, `region`, `artifact_repo`, `function_name`, `local_image`, etc.
-- **Creates/Skips Repository:** It creates the Artifact Registry repository (or skips if it already exists).
-- **Tags & Pushes:** It tags your local Docker image and pushes it to the Artifact Registry.
-- **Deploys the Function:** It deploys the Cloud Function with your custom container.
-- **Updates IAM:** It sets the IAM policy to allow public access (using the `--quiet` flag).
-- **Tests the Deployment:** It extracts the deployed URL and performs a test request.
-- **Additional Commands:** You can also use subcommands in the script to delete or describe the deployed function, or even clear all resources.
-
-### Example config.yml
-
-Create a `config.yml` file in the same folder as your Dockerfile. An example configuration:
-
-```yaml
-project_id: your-project-id
-region: asia-east1
-artifact_repo: crawl4ai
-function_name: crawl4ai-t1
-memory: "2048MB"
-timeout: "540s"
-local_image: "gcr.io/your-project-id/crawl4ai-t1:latest"
-test_query_url: "https://example.com"
-```
-
-### How to Use deploy.py
-
-- **Deploy the Function:**
-
-  ```bash
-  python deploy.py deploy
-  ```
-
-  The script will guide you through each step, display the output, and ask for confirmation before executing critical commands.
-
-- **Describe the Function:**
-
-  If you forget the function URL and want to retrieve it later:
-
-  ```bash
-  python deploy.py describe
-  ```
-
-- **Delete the Function:**
-
-  To remove just the Cloud Function:
-
-  ```bash
-  python deploy.py delete
-  ```
-
-- **Clear All Resources:**
-
-  To delete both the Cloud Function and the Artifact Registry repository:
-
-  ```bash
-  python deploy.py clear
-  ```
-
----
-
-## Conclusion
-
-This guide has walked you through two deployment methods for Crawl4ai on Google Cloud Functions Gen2:
-
-1. **Manual Deployment:** Building your Docker image, pushing it to Artifact Registry, deploying the Cloud Function, and setting up IAM.
-2. **Automated Deployment:** Using `deploy.py` with a configuration file to handle the entire process interactively.
-
-By following these instructions, you can deploy, test, and manage your Crawl4ai-based Cloud Function with ease. Enjoy using Crawl4ai in your cloud environment!
-

deploy/gcloud-function/main.py

@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-# Cleanup Chrome process on module unload
-import atexit
-import asyncio
-import logging
-import functions_framework
-from flask import jsonify, Request
-import os
-import sys
-import time
-import subprocess
-import signal
-import requests
-
-logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-logger.info(f"Python version: {sys.version}")
-logger.info(f"Python path: {sys.path}")
-
-# Try to find where crawl4ai is coming from
-try:
-    import crawl4ai
-    logger.info(f"Crawl4AI module location: {crawl4ai.__file__}")
-    logger.info(f"Contents of crawl4ai: {dir(crawl4ai)}")
-except ImportError:
-    logger.error("Crawl4AI module not found")
-
-# Now attempt the import
-from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, CacheMode, CrawlResult
-
-# Configure logging
-logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-# Paths and constants
-FUNCTION_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
-CHROME_BINARY = os.path.join(FUNCTION_DIR, "resources/chrome/headless_shell")
-CDP_PORT = 9222
-
-def start_chrome():
-    """Start Chrome process synchronously with exponential backoff."""
-    logger.debug("Starting Chrome process...")
-    chrome_args = [
-        CHROME_BINARY,
-        f"--remote-debugging-port={CDP_PORT}",
-        "--remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0",
-        "--no-sandbox",
-        "--disable-setuid-sandbox",
-        "--headless=new",
-        "--disable-gpu",
-        "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
-        "--no-zygote",
-        "--single-process",
-        "--disable-features=site-per-process",
-        "--no-first-run",
-        "--disable-extensions"
-    ]
-    
-    process = subprocess.Popen(
-        chrome_args,
-        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-        preexec_fn=os.setsid
-    )
-    
-    logger.debug(f"Chrome process started with PID: {process.pid}")
-    
-    # Wait for CDP endpoint with exponential backoff
-    wait_time = 1  # Start with 1 second
-    max_wait_time = 16  # Cap at 16 seconds per retry
-    max_attempts = 10  # Total attempts
-    for attempt in range(max_attempts):
-        try:
-            response = requests.get(f"http://127.0.0.1:{CDP_PORT}/json/version", timeout=2)
-            if response.status_code == 200:
-                # Get ws URL from response
-                ws_url = response.json()['webSocketDebuggerUrl']
-                logger.debug("Chrome CDP is ready")
-                logger.debug(f"CDP URL: {ws_url}")
-                return process
-        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
-            logger.debug(f"Waiting for CDP endpoint (attempt {attempt + 1}/{max_attempts}), retrying in {wait_time} seconds")
-            time.sleep(wait_time)
-            wait_time = min(wait_time * 2, max_wait_time)  # Double wait time, up to max
-    
-    # If we get here, all retries failed
-    stdout, stderr = process.communicate()  # Get output for debugging
-    logger.error(f"Chrome stdout: {stdout.decode()}")
-    logger.error(f"Chrome stderr: {stderr.decode()}")
-    raise Exception("Chrome CDP endpoint failed to start after retries")
-
-async def fetch_with_crawl4ai(url: str) -> dict:
-    """Fetch page content using Crawl4ai and return the result object"""
-    # Get CDP URL from the running Chrome instance
-    version_response = requests.get(f'http://localhost:{CDP_PORT}/json/version')
-    cdp_url = version_response.json()['webSocketDebuggerUrl']
-    
-    # Configure and run Crawl4ai
-    browser_config = BrowserConfig(cdp_url=cdp_url, use_managed_browser=True)
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
-        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        )
-        result : CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(
-            url=url, config=crawler_config
-        )
-        return result.model_dump()  # Convert Pydantic model to dict for JSON response
-
-# Start Chrome when the module loads
-logger.info("Starting Chrome process on module load")
-chrome_process = start_chrome()
-
-@functions_framework.http
-def crawl(request: Request):
-    """HTTP Cloud Function to fetch web content using Crawl4ai"""
-    try:
-        url = request.args.get('url')
-        if not url:
-            return jsonify({'error': 'URL parameter is required', 'status': 400}), 400
-        
-        # Create and run an asyncio event loop
-        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
-        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
-        
-        try:
-            result = loop.run_until_complete(
-                asyncio.wait_for(fetch_with_crawl4ai(url), timeout=10.0)
-            )
-            return jsonify({
-                'status': 200,
-                'data': result
-            })
-        finally:
-            loop.close()
-            
-    except Exception as e:
-        error_msg = f"Unexpected error: {str(e)}"
-        logger.error(error_msg, exc_info=True)
-        return jsonify({
-            'error': error_msg,
-            'status': 500,
-            'details': {
-                'error_type': type(e).__name__,
-                'stack_trace': str(e),
-                'chrome_running': chrome_process.poll() is None if chrome_process else False
-            }
-        }), 500
-
-
-@atexit.register
-def cleanup():
-    """Cleanup Chrome process on shutdown"""
-    if chrome_process and chrome_process.poll() is None:
-        try:
-            os.killpg(os.getpgid(chrome_process.pid), signal.SIGTERM)
-            logger.info("Chrome process terminated")
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"Failed to terminate Chrome process: {e}")

deploy/gcloud-function/requirements.txt

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-functions-framework==3.*
-flask==2.3.3
-requests==2.31.0
-websockets==12.0
-git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@next

deploy/gcloud-function/resources/chrome/fonts.conf

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
-<fontconfig>
-  <dir>/var/task/.fonts</dir>
-  <dir>/var/task/fonts</dir>
-  <dir>/opt/fonts</dir>
-  <dir>/tmp/fonts</dir>
-  <cachedir>/tmp/fonts-cache/</cachedir>
-  <config></config>
-</fontconfig>

deploy/gcloud-function/resources/chrome/vk_swiftshader_icd.json

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"file_format_version": "1.0.0", "ICD": {"library_path": "./libvk_swiftshader.so", "api_version": "1.0.5"}}

deploy/lambda/Dockerfile

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-FROM python:3.12-bookworm AS python-builder
-
-RUN pip install poetry
-
-ENV POETRY_NO_INTERACTION=1 \
-    POETRY_CACHE_DIR=/tmp/poetry_cache
-
-WORKDIR /app
-
-COPY pyproject.toml poetry.lock ./
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=$POETRY_CACHE_DIR poetry export -f requirements.txt -o requirements.txt
-
-# Install build dependencies
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    build-essential \
-    python3-dev \
-    python3-setuptools \
-    python3-wheel \
-    python3-pip \
-    gcc \
-    g++ \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Install specific dependencies that have build issues
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir cchardet
-
-FROM python:3.12-bookworm
-
-# Install AWS Lambda Runtime Interface Client
-RUN python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir awslambdaric
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    build-essential \
-    curl \
-    wget \
-    gnupg \
-    git \
-    cmake \
-    pkg-config \
-    python3-dev \
-    libjpeg-dev \
-    redis-server \
-    supervisor \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    libglib2.0-0 \
-    libnss3 \
-    libnspr4 \
-    libatk1.0-0 \
-    libatk-bridge2.0-0 \
-    libcups2 \
-    libdrm2 \
-    libdbus-1-3 \
-    libxcb1 \
-    libxkbcommon0 \
-    libx11-6 \
-    libxcomposite1 \
-    libxdamage1 \
-    libxext6 \
-    libxfixes3 \
-    libxrandr2 \
-    libgbm1 \
-    libpango-1.0-0 \
-    libcairo2 \
-    libasound2 \
-    libatspi2.0-0 \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Install build essentials for any compilations needed
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    build-essential \
-    python3-dev \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Set up function directory and browser path
-ARG FUNCTION_DIR="/function"
-RUN mkdir -p "${FUNCTION_DIR}/pw-browsers"
-RUN mkdir -p "/tmp/.crawl4ai"
-
-# Set critical environment variables
-ENV PLAYWRIGHT_BROWSERS_PATH="${FUNCTION_DIR}/pw-browsers" \
-    HOME="/tmp" \
-    CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY="/tmp/.crawl4ai"
-
-# Create Craw4ai base directory
-RUN mkdir -p ${CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY}
-
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir faust-cchardet
-
-# Install Crawl4ai and dependencies
-RUN pip install --no-cache-dir git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@next
-
-# Install Chromium only (no deps flag)
-RUN playwright install chromium
-
-# Copy function code
-COPY lambda_function.py ${FUNCTION_DIR}/
-
-# Set working directory
-WORKDIR ${FUNCTION_DIR}
-
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/python", "-m", "awslambdaric" ]
-CMD [ "lambda_function.handler" ]

deploy/lambda/guide.md

@@ -1,345 +0,0 @@
-# Deploying Crawl4ai on AWS Lambda
-
-This guide walks you through deploying Crawl4ai as an AWS Lambda function with API Gateway integration. You'll learn how to set up, test, and clean up your deployment.
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-Before you begin, ensure you have:
-
-- AWS CLI installed and configured (`aws configure`)
-- Docker installed and running
-- Python 3.8+ installed
-- Basic familiarity with AWS services
-
-## Project Files
-
-Your project directory should contain:
-
-- `Dockerfile`: Container configuration for Lambda
-- `lambda_function.py`: Lambda handler code
-- `deploy.py`: Our deployment script
-
-## Step 1: Install Required Python Packages
-
-Install the Python packages needed for our deployment script:
-
-```bash
-pip install typer rich
-```
-
-## Step 2: Run the Deployment Script
-
-Our Python script automates the entire deployment process:
-
-```bash
-python deploy.py
-```
-
-The script will guide you through:
-
-1. Configuration setup (AWS region, function name, memory allocation)
-2. Docker image building
-3. ECR repository creation
-4. Lambda function deployment
-5. API Gateway setup
-6. Provisioned concurrency configuration (optional)
-
-Follow the prompts and confirm each step by pressing Enter.
-
-## Step 3: Manual Deployment (Alternative to the Script)
-
-If you prefer to deploy manually or understand what the script does, follow these steps:
-
-### Building and Pushing the Docker Image
-
-```bash
-# Build the Docker image
-docker build -t crawl4ai-lambda .
-
-# Create an ECR repository (if it doesn't exist)
-aws ecr create-repository --repository-name crawl4ai-lambda
-
-# Get ECR login password and login
-aws ecr get-login-password | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin $(aws sts get-caller-identity --query Account --output text).dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
-
-# Tag the image
-ECR_URI=$(aws ecr describe-repositories --repository-names crawl4ai-lambda --query 'repositories[0].repositoryUri' --output text)
-docker tag crawl4ai-lambda:latest $ECR_URI:latest
-
-# Push the image to ECR
-docker push $ECR_URI:latest
-```
-
-### Creating the Lambda Function
-
-```bash
-# Get IAM role ARN (create it if needed)
-ROLE_ARN=$(aws iam get-role --role-name lambda-execution-role --query 'Role.Arn' --output text)
-
-# Create Lambda function
-aws lambda create-function \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --package-type Image \
-    --code ImageUri=$ECR_URI:latest \
-    --role $ROLE_ARN \
-    --timeout 300 \
-    --memory-size 4096 \
-    --ephemeral-storage Size=10240 \
-    --environment "Variables={CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY=/tmp/.crawl4ai,HOME=/tmp,PLAYWRIGHT_BROWSERS_PATH=/function/pw-browsers}"
-```
-
-If you're updating an existing function:
-
-```bash
-# Update function code
-aws lambda update-function-code \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --image-uri $ECR_URI:latest
-
-# Update function configuration
-aws lambda update-function-configuration \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --timeout 300 \
-    --memory-size 4096 \
-    --ephemeral-storage Size=10240 \
-    --environment "Variables={CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY=/tmp/.crawl4ai,HOME=/tmp,PLAYWRIGHT_BROWSERS_PATH=/function/pw-browsers}"
-```
-
-### Setting Up API Gateway
-
-```bash
-# Create API Gateway
-API_ID=$(aws apigateway create-rest-api --name crawl4ai-api --query 'id' --output text)
-
-# Get root resource ID
-PARENT_ID=$(aws apigateway get-resources --rest-api-id $API_ID --query 'items[?path==`/`].id' --output text)
-
-# Create resource
-RESOURCE_ID=$(aws apigateway create-resource --rest-api-id $API_ID --parent-id $PARENT_ID --path-part "crawl" --query 'id' --output text)
-
-# Create POST method
-aws apigateway put-method --rest-api-id $API_ID --resource-id $RESOURCE_ID --http-method POST --authorization-type NONE
-
-# Get Lambda function ARN
-LAMBDA_ARN=$(aws lambda get-function --function-name crawl4ai-function --query 'Configuration.FunctionArn' --output text)
-
-# Set Lambda integration
-aws apigateway put-integration \
-    --rest-api-id $API_ID \
-    --resource-id $RESOURCE_ID \
-    --http-method POST \
-    --type AWS_PROXY \
-    --integration-http-method POST \
-    --uri arn:aws:apigateway:us-east-1:lambda:path/2015-03-31/functions/$LAMBDA_ARN/invocations
-
-# Deploy API
-aws apigateway create-deployment --rest-api-id $API_ID --stage-name prod
-
-# Set Lambda permission
-ACCOUNT_ID=$(aws sts get-caller-identity --query Account --output text)
-aws lambda add-permission \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --statement-id apigateway \
-    --action lambda:InvokeFunction \
-    --principal apigateway.amazonaws.com \
-    --source-arn "arn:aws:execute-api:us-east-1:$ACCOUNT_ID:$API_ID/*/POST/crawl"
-```
-
-### Setting Up Provisioned Concurrency (Optional)
-
-This reduces cold starts:
-
-```bash
-# Publish a version
-VERSION=$(aws lambda publish-version --function-name crawl4ai-function --query 'Version' --output text)
-
-# Create alias
-aws lambda create-alias \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --name prod \
-    --function-version $VERSION
-
-# Configure provisioned concurrency
-aws lambda put-provisioned-concurrency-config \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --qualifier prod \
-    --provisioned-concurrent-executions 2
-
-# Update API Gateway to use alias
-LAMBDA_ALIAS_ARN="arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:$ACCOUNT_ID:function:crawl4ai-function:prod"
-aws apigateway put-integration \
-    --rest-api-id $API_ID \
-    --resource-id $RESOURCE_ID \
-    --http-method POST \
-    --type AWS_PROXY \
-    --integration-http-method POST \
-    --uri arn:aws:apigateway:us-east-1:lambda:path/2015-03-31/functions/$LAMBDA_ALIAS_ARN/invocations
-
-# Redeploy API Gateway
-aws apigateway create-deployment --rest-api-id $API_ID --stage-name prod
-```
-
-## Step 4: Testing the Deployment
-
-Once deployed, test your function with:
-
-```bash
-ENDPOINT_URL="https://$API_ID.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/prod/crawl"
-
-# Test with curl
-curl -X POST $ENDPOINT_URL \
-  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-  -d '{"url":"https://example.com"}'
-```
-
-Or using Python:
-
-```python
-import requests
-import json
-
-url = "https://your-api-id.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/prod/crawl"
-payload = {
-    "url": "https://example.com",
-    "browser_config": {
-        "headless": True,
-        "verbose": False
-    },
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "crawler_config": {
-            "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-            "params": {
-                "markdown_generator": {
-                    "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                    "params": {
-                        "content_filter": {
-                            "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                            "params": {
-                                "threshold": 0.48,
-                                "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-response = requests.post(url, json=payload)
-result = response.json()
-print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
-```
-
-## Step 5: Cleaning Up Resources
-
-To remove all AWS resources created for this deployment:
-
-```bash
-python deploy.py cleanup
-```
-
-Or manually:
-
-```bash
-# Delete API Gateway
-aws apigateway delete-rest-api --rest-api-id $API_ID
-
-# Remove provisioned concurrency (if configured)
-aws lambda delete-provisioned-concurrency-config \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --qualifier prod
-
-# Delete alias (if created)
-aws lambda delete-alias \
-    --function-name crawl4ai-function \
-    --name prod
-
-# Delete Lambda function
-aws lambda delete-function --function-name crawl4ai-function
-
-# Delete ECR repository
-aws ecr delete-repository --repository-name crawl4ai-lambda --force
-```
-
-## Troubleshooting
-
-### Cold Start Issues
-
-If experiencing long cold starts:
-- Enable provisioned concurrency
-- Increase memory allocation (4096 MB recommended)
-- Ensure the Lambda function has enough ephemeral storage
-
-### Permission Errors
-
-If you encounter permission errors:
-- Check the IAM role has the necessary permissions
-- Ensure API Gateway has permission to invoke the Lambda function
-
-### Container Size Issues
-
-If your container is too large:
-- Optimize the Dockerfile
-- Use multi-stage builds
-- Consider removing unnecessary dependencies
-
-## Performance Considerations
-
-- Lambda memory affects CPU allocation - higher memory means faster execution
-- Provisioned concurrency eliminates cold starts but costs more
-- Optimize the Playwright setup for faster browser initialization
-
-## Security Best Practices
-
-- Use the principle of least privilege for IAM roles
-- Implement API Gateway authentication for production deployments
-- Consider using AWS KMS for storing sensitive configuration
-
-## Useful AWS Console Links
-
-Here are quick links to access important AWS console pages for monitoring and managing your deployment:
-
-| Resource | Console Link |
-|----------|-------------|
-| Lambda Functions | [AWS Lambda Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/lambda/home#/functions) |
-| Lambda Function Logs | [CloudWatch Logs](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/home#logsV2:log-groups) |
-| API Gateway | [API Gateway Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/home) |
-| ECR Repositories | [ECR Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ecr/repositories) |
-| IAM Roles | [IAM Console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/iamv2/home#/roles) |
-| CloudWatch Metrics | [CloudWatch Metrics](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/home#metricsV2) |
-
-### Monitoring Lambda Execution
-
-To monitor your Lambda function:
-
-1. Go to the [Lambda function console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/lambda/home#/functions)
-2. Select your function (`crawl4ai-function`)
-3. Click the "Monitor" tab to see:
-   - Invocation metrics
-   - Success/failure rates
-   - Duration statistics
-
-### Viewing Lambda Logs
-
-To see detailed execution logs:
-
-1. Go to [CloudWatch Logs](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/home#logsV2:log-groups)
-2. Find the log group named `/aws/lambda/crawl4ai-function`
-3. Click to see the latest log streams
-4. Each stream contains logs from a function execution
-
-### Checking API Gateway Traffic
-
-To monitor API requests:
-
-1. Go to the [API Gateway console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/home)
-2. Select your API (`crawl4ai-api`)
-3. Click "Dashboard" to see:
-   - API calls
-   - Latency
-   - Error rates
-
-## Conclusion
-
-You now have Crawl4ai running as a serverless function on AWS Lambda! This setup allows you to crawl websites on-demand without maintaining infrastructure, while paying only for the compute time you use.

deploy/lambda/lambda_function.py

@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-import json
-import asyncio
-import os
-
-# Ensure environment variables and directories are set
-os.environ['CRAWL4_AI_BASE_DIRECTORY'] = '/tmp/.crawl4ai'
-os.environ['HOME'] = '/tmp'
-
-# Create directory if it doesn't exist
-os.makedirs('/tmp/.crawl4ai', exist_ok=True)
-
-from crawl4ai import (
-    AsyncWebCrawler,
-    BrowserConfig,
-    CrawlerRunConfig,
-    CacheMode
-)
-
-
-def handler(event, context):
-    # Parse the incoming event (API Gateway request)
-    try:
-        body = json.loads(event.get('body', '{}'))
-        
-        url = body.get('url')
-        if not url:
-            return {
-                'statusCode': 400,
-                'body': json.dumps({'error': 'URL is required'})
-            }
-        
-        # Get optional configurations or use defaults
-        browser_config_dict = body.get('browser_config', {})
-        crawler_config_dict = body.get('crawler_config', {})
-        
-        # Run the crawler
-        result = asyncio.run(crawl(url, browser_config_dict, crawler_config_dict))
-        
-        # Return successful response
-        return {
-            'statusCode': 200,
-            'headers': {
-                'Content-Type': 'application/json'
-            },
-            'body': json.dumps(result)
-        }
-    
-    except Exception as e:
-        # Handle errors
-        import traceback
-        return {
-            'statusCode': 500,
-            'body': json.dumps({
-                'error': str(e),
-                'traceback': traceback.format_exc()
-            })
-        }
-
-async def crawl(url, browser_config_dict, crawler_config_dict):
-    """
-    Run the crawler with the provided configurations, with Lambda-specific settings
-    """
-    # Start with user-provided config but override with Lambda-required settings
-    base_browser_config = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config_dict) if browser_config_dict else BrowserConfig()
-    
-    # Apply Lambda-specific browser configurations
-    browser_config = BrowserConfig(
-        verbose=True,
-        browser_type="chromium",
-        headless=True,
-        user_agent_mode="random",
-        light_mode=True,
-        use_managed_browser=False,
-        extra_args=[
-            "--headless=new",
-            "--no-sandbox",
-            "--disable-dev-shm-usage",
-            "--disable-setuid-sandbox",
-            "--remote-allow-origins=*",
-            "--autoplay-policy=user-gesture-required",
-            "--single-process",            
-        ],
-        # # Carry over any other settings from user config that aren't overridden
-        # **{k: v for k, v in base_browser_config.model_dump().items() 
-        #    if k not in ['verbose', 'browser_type', 'headless', 'user_agent_mode', 
-        #                'light_mode', 'use_managed_browser', 'extra_args']}
-    )
-    
-    # Start with user-provided crawler config but ensure cache is bypassed
-    base_crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config_dict) if crawler_config_dict else CrawlerRunConfig()
-    
-    # Apply Lambda-specific crawler configurations
-    crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
-        exclude_external_links=base_crawler_config.exclude_external_links,
-        remove_overlay_elements=True,
-        magic=True,
-        cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        # Carry over markdown generator and other settings
-        markdown_generator=base_crawler_config.markdown_generator
-    )
-    
-    # Perform the crawl with Lambda-optimized settings
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=crawler_config)
-        
-        # Return serializable results
-        return result.model_dump()

deploy/modal/crawl4ai_api_service.py

@@ -1,543 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import time
-import uuid
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, List
-
-import modal
-from modal import Image, App, Volume, Secret, web_endpoint, function
-
-# Configuration
-APP_NAME = "crawl4ai-api"
-CRAWL4AI_VERSION = "next"  # Using the 'next' branch
-PYTHON_VERSION = "3.10"  # Compatible with playwright
-DEFAULT_CREDITS = 1000
-
-# Create a custom image with Crawl4ai and its dependencies
-image = Image.debian_slim(python_version=PYTHON_VERSION).pip_install(
-    ["fastapi[standard]", "pymongo", "pydantic"]
-).run_commands(
-    "apt-get update",
-    "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
-    "apt-get install -y git",
-    "apt-add-repository non-free",
-    "apt-add-repository contrib",
-    # Install crawl4ai from the next branch
-    f"pip install -U git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@{CRAWL4AI_VERSION}",
-    "pip install -U fastapi[standard]",
-    "pip install -U pydantic",
-    # Install playwright and browsers
-    "crawl4ai-setup",
-)
-
-# Create persistent volume for user database
-user_db = Volume.from_name("crawl4ai-users", create_if_missing=True)
-
-# Create admin secret for secure operations
-admin_secret = Secret.from_name("admin-secret", create_if_missing=True)
-
-# Define the app
-app = App(APP_NAME, image=image)
-
-# Default configurations
-DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG = {
-    "headless": True,
-    "verbose": False,
-}
-
-DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG = {
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-# Database operations
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def init_db() -> None:
-    """Initialize database with indexes."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient, ASCENDING
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    # Ensure indexes for faster lookups
-    db.users.create_index([("api_token", ASCENDING)], unique=True)
-    db.users.create_index([("email", ASCENDING)], unique=True)
-    
-    # Create usage stats collection
-    db.usage_stats.create_index([("user_id", ASCENDING), ("timestamp", ASCENDING)])
-    
-    print("Database initialized with required indexes")
-
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def get_user_by_token(api_token: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Get user by API token."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient
-    from bson.objectid import ObjectId
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    user = db.users.find_one({"api_token": api_token})
-    if not user:
-        return None
-    
-    # Convert ObjectId to string for serialization
-    user["_id"] = str(user["_id"])
-    return user
-
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def create_user(email: str, name: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Create a new user with initial credits."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient
-    from bson.objectid import ObjectId
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    # Generate API token
-    api_token = str(uuid.uuid4())
-    
-    user = {
-        "email": email,
-        "name": name,
-        "api_token": api_token,
-        "credits": DEFAULT_CREDITS,
-        "created_at": datetime.utcnow(),
-        "updated_at": datetime.utcnow(),
-        "is_active": True
-    }
-    
-    try:
-        result = db.users.insert_one(user)
-        user["_id"] = str(result.inserted_id)
-        return user
-    except Exception as e:
-        if "duplicate key error" in str(e):
-            return {"error": "User with this email already exists"}
-        raise
-
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def update_user_credits(api_token: str, amount: int) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Update user credits (add or subtract)."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    # First get current user to check credits
-    user = db.users.find_one({"api_token": api_token})
-    if not user:
-        return {"success": False, "error": "User not found"}
-    
-    # For deductions, ensure sufficient credits
-    if amount < 0 and user["credits"] + amount < 0:
-        return {"success": False, "error": "Insufficient credits"}
-    
-    # Update credits
-    result = db.users.update_one(
-        {"api_token": api_token},
-        {
-            "$inc": {"credits": amount},
-            "$set": {"updated_at": datetime.utcnow()}
-        }
-    )
-    
-    if result.modified_count == 1:
-        # Get updated user
-        updated_user = db.users.find_one({"api_token": api_token})
-        return {
-            "success": True, 
-            "credits": updated_user["credits"]
-        }
-    else:
-        return {"success": False, "error": "Failed to update credits"}
-
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def log_usage(user_id: str, url: str, success: bool, error: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
-    """Log usage statistics."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient
-    from bson.objectid import ObjectId
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    log_entry = {
-        "user_id": user_id,
-        "url": url,
-        "timestamp": datetime.utcnow(),
-        "success": success,
-        "error": error
-    }
-    
-    db.usage_stats.insert_one(log_entry)
-
-# Main crawling function
-@app.function(timeout=300)  # 5 minute timeout
-async def crawl(
-    url: str,
-    browser_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-    crawler_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Crawl a given URL using Crawl4ai.
-    
-    Args:
-        url: The URL to crawl
-        browser_config: Optional browser configuration to override defaults
-        crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration to override defaults
-        
-    Returns:
-        A dictionary containing the crawl results
-    """
-    from crawl4ai import (
-        AsyncWebCrawler,
-        BrowserConfig,
-        CrawlerRunConfig,
-        CrawlResult
-    )
-
-    # Prepare browser config using the loader method
-    if browser_config is None:
-        browser_config = DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG
-    browser_config_obj = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config)
-    
-    # Prepare crawler config using the loader method
-    if crawler_config is None:
-        crawler_config = DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG
-    crawler_config_obj = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config)    
-    
-    # Perform the crawl
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config_obj) as crawler:
-        result: CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=crawler_config_obj)
-        
-        # Return serializable results
-        try:
-            # Try newer Pydantic v2 method
-            return result.model_dump()
-        except AttributeError:
-            try:
-                # Try older Pydantic v1 method
-                return result.dict()
-            except AttributeError:
-                # Fallback to manual conversion
-                return {
-                    "url": result.url,
-                    "title": result.title,
-                    "status": result.status,
-                    "content": str(result.content) if hasattr(result, "content") else None,
-                    "links": [{"url": link.url, "text": link.text} for link in result.links] if hasattr(result, "links") else [],
-                    "markdown_v2": {
-                        "raw_markdown": result.markdown_v2.raw_markdown if hasattr(result, "markdown_v2") else None
-                    }
-                }
-
-# API endpoints
-@app.function()
-@web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def crawl_endpoint(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Web endpoint that accepts POST requests with JSON data containing:
-    - api_token: User's API token
-    - url: The URL to crawl
-    - browser_config: Optional browser configuration
-    - crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration
-    
-    Returns the crawl results and remaining credits.
-    """
-    # Extract and validate API token
-    api_token = data.get("api_token")
-    if not api_token:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "API token is required",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    # Verify user
-    user = get_user_by_token.remote(api_token)
-    if not user:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Invalid API token",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    if not user.get("is_active", False):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Account is inactive",
-            "status_code": 403
-        }
-    
-    # Validate URL
-    url = data.get("url")
-    if not url:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "URL is required",
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    # Check credits
-    if user.get("credits", 0) <= 0:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Insufficient credits",
-            "status_code": 403
-        }
-    
-    # Deduct credit first (1 credit per call)
-    credit_result = update_user_credits.remote(api_token, -1)
-    if not credit_result.get("success", False):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": credit_result.get("error", "Failed to process credits"),
-            "status_code": 500
-        }
-    
-    # Extract configs
-    browser_config = data.get("browser_config")
-    crawler_config = data.get("crawler_config")
-    
-    # Perform crawl
-    try:
-        start_time = time.time()
-        result = crawl.remote(url, browser_config, crawler_config)
-        execution_time = time.time() - start_time
-        
-        # Log successful usage
-        log_usage.spawn(user["_id"], url, True)
-        
-        return {
-            "success": True,
-            "data": result,
-            "credits_remaining": credit_result.get("credits"),
-            "execution_time_seconds": round(execution_time, 2),
-            "status_code": 200
-        }
-    except Exception as e:
-        # Log failed usage
-        log_usage.spawn(user["_id"], url, False, str(e))
-        
-        # Return error
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": f"Crawling error: {str(e)}",
-            "credits_remaining": credit_result.get("credits"),
-            "status_code": 500
-        }
-
-# Admin endpoints
-@app.function(secrets=[admin_secret])
-@web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def admin_create_user(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Admin endpoint to create new users."""
-    # Validate admin token
-    admin_token = data.get("admin_token")
-    if admin_token != os.environ.get("ADMIN_TOKEN"):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Invalid admin token",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    # Validate input
-    email = data.get("email")
-    name = data.get("name")
-    
-    if not email or not name:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Email and name are required",
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    # Create user
-    user = create_user.remote(email, name)
-    
-    if "error" in user:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": user["error"],
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    return {
-        "success": True,
-        "data": {
-            "user_id": user["_id"],
-            "email": user["email"],
-            "name": user["name"],
-            "api_token": user["api_token"],
-            "credits": user["credits"],
-            "created_at": user["created_at"].isoformat() if isinstance(user["created_at"], datetime) else user["created_at"]
-        },
-        "status_code": 201
-    }
-
-@app.function(secrets=[admin_secret])
-@web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def admin_update_credits(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Admin endpoint to update user credits."""
-    # Validate admin token
-    admin_token = data.get("admin_token")
-    if admin_token != os.environ.get("ADMIN_TOKEN"):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Invalid admin token",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    # Validate input
-    api_token = data.get("api_token")
-    amount = data.get("amount")
-    
-    if not api_token:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "API token is required",
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    if not isinstance(amount, int):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Amount must be an integer",
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    # Update credits
-    result = update_user_credits.remote(api_token, amount)
-    
-    if not result.get("success", False):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": result.get("error", "Failed to update credits"),
-            "status_code": 400
-        }
-    
-    return {
-        "success": True,
-        "data": {
-            "credits": result["credits"]
-        },
-        "status_code": 200
-    }
-
-@app.function(secrets=[admin_secret])
-@web_endpoint(method="GET")
-def admin_get_users(admin_token: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Admin endpoint to list all users."""
-    # Validate admin token
-    if admin_token != os.environ.get("ADMIN_TOKEN"):
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Invalid admin token",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    users = get_all_users.remote()
-    
-    return {
-        "success": True,
-        "data": users,
-        "status_code": 200
-    }
-
-@app.function(volumes={"/data": user_db})
-def get_all_users() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Get all users (for admin)."""
-    from pymongo import MongoClient
-    
-    client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")
-    db = client.crawl4ai_db
-    
-    users = []
-    for user in db.users.find():
-        # Convert ObjectId to string
-        user["_id"] = str(user["_id"])
-        # Convert datetime to ISO format
-        for field in ["created_at", "updated_at"]:
-            if field in user and isinstance(user[field], datetime):
-                user[field] = user[field].isoformat()
-        users.append(user)
-    
-    return users
-
-# Public endpoints
-@app.function()
-@web_endpoint(method="GET")
-def health_check() -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Health check endpoint."""
-    return {
-        "status": "online",
-        "service": APP_NAME,
-        "version": CRAWL4AI_VERSION,
-        "timestamp": datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
-    }
-
-@app.function()
-@web_endpoint(method="GET")
-def check_credits(api_token: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Check user credits."""
-    if not api_token:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "API token is required",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    user = get_user_by_token.remote(api_token)
-    if not user:
-        return {
-            "success": False,
-            "error": "Invalid API token",
-            "status_code": 401
-        }
-    
-    return {
-        "success": True,
-        "data": {
-            "credits": user["credits"],
-            "email": user["email"],
-            "name": user["name"]
-        },
-        "status_code": 200
-    }
-
-# Local entrypoint for testing
-@app.local_entrypoint()
-def main(url: str = "https://www.modal.com"):
-    """Command line entrypoint for local testing."""
-    print("Initializing database...")
-    init_db.remote()
-    
-    print(f"Testing crawl on URL: {url}")
-    result = crawl.remote(url)
-    
-    # Print sample of result
-    print("\nCrawl Result Sample:")
-    if "title" in result:
-        print(f"Title: {result['title']}")
-    if "status" in result:
-        print(f"Status: {result['status']}")
-    if "links" in result:
-        print(f"Links found: {len(result['links'])}")
-    if "markdown_v2" in result and result["markdown_v2"] and "raw_markdown" in result["markdown_v2"]:
-        print("\nMarkdown Preview (first 300 chars):")
-        print(result["markdown_v2"]["raw_markdown"][:300] + "...")

deploy/modal/entry.py

@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-import modal
-from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
-
-# Create a custom image with Crawl4ai and its dependencies
-# "pip install crawl4ai",
-image = modal.Image.debian_slim(python_version="3.10").pip_install(["fastapi[standard]"]).run_commands(
-    "apt-get update",
-    "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
-    "apt-get install -y git",
-    "apt-add-repository non-free",
-    "apt-add-repository contrib",
-    "pip install -U git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@next",
-    "pip install -U fastapi[standard]",
-    "pip install -U pydantic",
-    "crawl4ai-setup",  # This installs playwright and downloads chromium
-    # Print fastpi version
-    "python -m fastapi --version",
-)
-
-# Define the app
-app = modal.App("crawl4ai", image=image)
-
-# Define default configurations
-DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG = {
-    "headless": True,
-    "verbose": False,
-}
-
-DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG = {
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-@app.function(timeout=300)  # 5 minute timeout
-async def crawl(
-    url: str,
-    browser_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-    crawler_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Crawl a given URL using Crawl4ai.
-    
-    Args:
-        url: The URL to crawl
-        browser_config: Optional browser configuration to override defaults
-        crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration to override defaults
-        
-    Returns:
-        A dictionary containing the crawl results
-    """
-    from crawl4ai import (
-        AsyncWebCrawler,
-        BrowserConfig,
-        CrawlerRunConfig,
-        CrawlResult
-    )
-
-
-    # Prepare browser config using the loader method
-    if browser_config is None:
-        browser_config = DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG
-    browser_config_obj = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config)
-    
-    # Prepare crawler config using the loader method
-    if crawler_config is None:
-        crawler_config = DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG
-    crawler_config_obj = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config)    
-    
-    
-    # Perform the crawl
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config_obj) as crawler:
-        result: CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=crawler_config_obj)
-        
-        # Return serializable results
-        try:
-            # Try newer Pydantic v2 method
-            return result.model_dump()
-        except AttributeError:
-            try:
-                # Try older Pydantic v1 method
-                return result.__dict__
-            except AttributeError:
-                # Fallback to returning the raw result
-                return result
-
-@app.function()
-@modal.web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def crawl_endpoint(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Web endpoint that accepts POST requests with JSON data containing:
-    - url: The URL to crawl
-    - browser_config: Optional browser configuration
-    - crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration
-    
-    Returns the crawl results.
-    """
-    url = data.get("url")
-    if not url:
-        return {"error": "URL is required"}
-    
-    browser_config = data.get("browser_config")
-    crawler_config = data.get("crawler_config")
-    
-    return crawl.remote(url, browser_config, crawler_config)
-
-@app.local_entrypoint()
-def main(url: str = "https://www.modal.com"):
-    """
-    Command line entrypoint for local testing.
-    """
-    result = crawl.remote(url)
-    print(result)

deploy/modal/guide.md

@@ -1,453 +0,0 @@
-# Deploying Crawl4ai with Modal: A Comprehensive Tutorial
-
-Hey there! UncleCode here. I'm excited to show you how to deploy Crawl4ai using Modal - a fantastic serverless platform that makes deployment super simple and scalable.
-
-In this tutorial, I'll walk you through deploying your own Crawl4ai instance on Modal's infrastructure. This will give you a powerful, scalable web crawling solution without having to worry about infrastructure management.
-
-## What is Modal?
-
-Modal is a serverless platform that allows you to run Python functions in the cloud without managing servers. It's perfect for deploying Crawl4ai because:
-
-1. It handles all the infrastructure for you
-2. It scales automatically based on demand
-3. It makes deployment incredibly simple
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-Before we get started, you'll need:
-
-- A Modal account (sign up at [modal.com](https://modal.com))
-- Python 3.10 or later installed on your local machine
-- Basic familiarity with Python and command-line operations
-
-## Step 1: Setting Up Your Modal Account
-
-First, sign up for a Modal account at [modal.com](https://modal.com) if you haven't already. Modal offers a generous free tier that's perfect for getting started.
-
-After signing up, install the Modal CLI and authenticate:
-
-```bash
-pip install modal
-modal token new
-```
-
-This will open a browser window where you can authenticate and generate a token for the CLI.
-
-## Step 2: Creating Your Crawl4ai Deployment
-
-Now, let's create a Python file called `crawl4ai_modal.py` with our deployment code:
-
-```python
-import modal
-from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
-
-# Create a custom image with Crawl4ai and its dependencies
-image = modal.Image.debian_slim(python_version="3.10").pip_install(
-    ["fastapi[standard]"]
-).run_commands(
-    "apt-get update",
-    "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
-    "apt-get install -y git",
-    "apt-add-repository non-free",
-    "apt-add-repository contrib",
-    "pip install -U crawl4ai",
-    "pip install -U fastapi[standard]",
-    "pip install -U pydantic",
-    "crawl4ai-setup",  # This installs playwright and downloads chromium
-)
-
-# Define the app
-app = modal.App("crawl4ai", image=image)
-
-# Define default configurations
-DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG = {
-    "headless": True,
-    "verbose": False,
-}
-
-DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG = {
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-@app.function(timeout=300)  # 5 minute timeout
-async def crawl(
-    url: str,
-    browser_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-    crawler_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Crawl a given URL using Crawl4ai.
-    
-    Args:
-        url: The URL to crawl
-        browser_config: Optional browser configuration to override defaults
-        crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration to override defaults
-        
-    Returns:
-        A dictionary containing the crawl results
-    """
-    from crawl4ai import (
-        AsyncWebCrawler,
-        BrowserConfig,
-        CrawlerRunConfig,
-        CrawlResult
-    )
-
-    # Prepare browser config using the loader method
-    if browser_config is None:
-        browser_config = DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG
-    browser_config_obj = BrowserConfig.load(browser_config)
-    
-    # Prepare crawler config using the loader method
-    if crawler_config is None:
-        crawler_config = DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG
-    crawler_config_obj = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawler_config)    
-    
-    # Perform the crawl
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config_obj) as crawler:
-        result: CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=crawler_config_obj)
-        
-        # Return serializable results
-        try:
-            # Try newer Pydantic v2 method
-            return result.model_dump()
-        except AttributeError:
-            try:
-                # Try older Pydantic v1 method
-                return result.dict()
-            except AttributeError:
-                # Fallback to manual conversion
-                return {
-                    "url": result.url,
-                    "title": result.title,
-                    "status": result.status,
-                    "content": str(result.content) if hasattr(result, "content") else None,
-                    "links": [{"url": link.url, "text": link.text} for link in result.links] if hasattr(result, "links") else [],
-                    "markdown_v2": {
-                        "raw_markdown": result.markdown_v2.raw_markdown if hasattr(result, "markdown_v2") else None
-                    }
-                }
-
-@app.function()
-@modal.web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def crawl_endpoint(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """
-    Web endpoint that accepts POST requests with JSON data containing:
-    - url: The URL to crawl
-    - browser_config: Optional browser configuration
-    - crawler_config: Optional crawler configuration
-    
-    Returns the crawl results.
-    """
-    url = data.get("url")
-    if not url:
-        return {"error": "URL is required"}
-    
-    browser_config = data.get("browser_config")
-    crawler_config = data.get("crawler_config")
-    
-    return crawl.remote(url, browser_config, crawler_config)
-
-@app.local_entrypoint()
-def main(url: str = "https://www.modal.com"):
-    """
-    Command line entrypoint for local testing.
-    """
-    result = crawl.remote(url)
-    print(result)
-```
-
-## Step 3: Understanding the Code Components
-
-Let's break down what's happening in this code:
-
-### 1. Image Definition
-
-```python
-image = modal.Image.debian_slim(python_version="3.10").pip_install(
-    ["fastapi[standard]"]
-).run_commands(
-    "apt-get update",
-    "apt-get install -y software-properties-common",
-    "apt-get install -y git",
-    "apt-add-repository non-free",
-    "apt-add-repository contrib",
-    "pip install -U git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@next",
-    "pip install -U fastapi[standard]",
-    "pip install -U pydantic",
-    "crawl4ai-setup",  # This installs playwright and downloads chromium
-)
-```
-
-This section defines the container image that Modal will use to run your code. It:
-- Starts with a Debian Slim base image with Python 3.10
-- Installs FastAPI
-- Updates the system packages
-- Installs Git and other dependencies
-- Installs Crawl4ai from the GitHub repository
-- Runs the Crawl4ai setup to install Playwright and download Chromium
-
-### 2. Modal App Definition
-
-```python
-app = modal.App("crawl4ai", image=image)
-```
-
-This creates a Modal application named "crawl4ai" that uses the image we defined above.
-
-### 3. Default Configurations
-
-```python
-DEFAULT_BROWSER_CONFIG = {
-    "headless": True,
-    "verbose": False,
-}
-
-DEFAULT_CRAWLER_CONFIG = {
-    "crawler_config": {
-        "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-        "params": {
-            "markdown_generator": {
-                "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                "params": {
-                    "content_filter": {
-                        "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                        "params": {
-                            "threshold": 0.48,
-                            "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-These define the default configurations for the browser and crawler. You can customize these settings based on your specific needs.
-
-### 4. The Crawl Function
-
-```python
-@app.function(timeout=300)
-async def crawl(url, browser_config, crawler_config):
-    # Function implementation
-```
-
-This is the main function that performs the crawling. It:
-- Takes a URL and optional configurations
-- Sets up the browser and crawler with those configurations
-- Performs the crawl
-- Returns the results in a serializable format
-
-The `@app.function(timeout=300)` decorator tells Modal to run this function in the cloud with a 5-minute timeout.
-
-### 5. The Web Endpoint
-
-```python
-@app.function()
-@modal.web_endpoint(method="POST")
-def crawl_endpoint(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    # Function implementation
-```
-
-This creates a web endpoint that accepts POST requests. It:
-- Extracts the URL and configurations from the request
-- Calls the crawl function with those parameters
-- Returns the results
-
-### 6. Local Entrypoint
-
-```python
-@app.local_entrypoint()
-def main(url: str = "https://www.modal.com"):
-    # Function implementation
-```
-
-This provides a way to test the application from the command line.
-
-## Step 4: Testing Locally
-
-Before deploying, let's test our application locally:
-
-```bash
-modal run crawl4ai_modal.py --url "https://example.com"
-```
-
-This command will:
-1. Upload your code to Modal
-2. Create the necessary containers
-3. Run the `main` function with the specified URL
-4. Return the results
-
-Modal will handle all the infrastructure setup for you. You should see the crawling results printed to your console.
-
-## Step 5: Deploying Your Application
-
-Once you're satisfied with the local testing, it's time to deploy:
-
-```bash
-modal deploy crawl4ai_modal.py
-```
-
-This will deploy your application to Modal's cloud. The deployment process will output URLs for your web endpoints.
-
-You should see output similar to:
-
-```
-✓ Deployed crawl4ai.
-  URLs:
-    crawl_endpoint => https://your-username--crawl-endpoint.modal.run
-```
-
-Save this URL - you'll need it to make requests to your deployment.
-
-## Step 6: Using Your Deployment
-
-Now that your application is deployed, you can use it by sending POST requests to the endpoint URL:
-
-```bash
-curl -X POST https://your-username--crawl-endpoint.modal.run \
-  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-  -d '{"url": "https://example.com"}'
-```
-
-Or in Python:
-
-```python
-import requests
-
-response = requests.post(
-    "https://your-username--crawl-endpoint.modal.run",
-    json={"url": "https://example.com"}
-)
-
-result = response.json()
-print(result)
-```
-
-You can also customize the browser and crawler configurations:
-
-```python
-requests.post(
-    "https://your-username--crawl-endpoint.modal.run",
-    json={
-        "url": "https://example.com",
-        "browser_config": {
-            "headless": False,
-            "verbose": True
-        },
-        "crawler_config": {
-            "crawler_config": {
-                "type": "CrawlerRunConfig",
-                "params": {
-                    "markdown_generator": {
-                        "type": "DefaultMarkdownGenerator",
-                        "params": {
-                            "content_filter": {
-                                "type": "PruningContentFilter",
-                                "params": {
-                                    "threshold": 0.6,  # Adjusted threshold
-                                    "threshold_type": "fixed"
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-)
-```
-
-## Step 7: Calling Your Deployment from Another Python Script
-
-You can also call your deployed function directly from another Python script:
-
-```python
-import modal
-
-# Get a reference to the deployed function
-crawl_function = modal.Function.from_name("crawl4ai", "crawl")
-
-# Call the function
-result = crawl_function.remote("https://example.com")
-print(result)
-```
-
-## Understanding Modal's Execution Flow
-
-To understand how Modal works, it's important to know:
-
-1. **Local vs. Remote Execution**: When you call a function with `.remote()`, it runs in Modal's cloud, not on your local machine.
-
-2. **Container Lifecycle**: Modal creates containers on-demand and destroys them when they're not needed.
-
-3. **Caching**: Modal caches your container images to speed up subsequent runs.
-
-4. **Serverless Scaling**: Modal automatically scales your application based on demand.
-
-## Customizing Your Deployment
-
-You can customize your deployment in several ways:
-
-### Changing the Crawl4ai Version
-
-To use a different version of Crawl4ai, update the installation command in the image definition:
-
-```python
-"pip install -U git+https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai.git@main",  # Use main branch
-```
-
-### Adjusting Resource Limits
-
-You can change the resources allocated to your functions:
-
-```python
-@app.function(timeout=600, cpu=2, memory=4096)  # 10 minute timeout, 2 CPUs, 4GB RAM
-async def crawl(...):
-    # Function implementation
-```
-
-### Keeping Containers Warm
-
-To reduce cold start times, you can keep containers warm:
-
-```python
-@app.function(keep_warm=1)  # Keep 1 container warm
-async def crawl(...):
-    # Function implementation
-```
-
-## Conclusion
-
-That's it! You've successfully deployed Crawl4ai on Modal. You now have a scalable web crawling solution that can handle as many requests as you need without requiring any infrastructure management.
-
-The beauty of this setup is its simplicity - Modal handles all the hard parts, letting you focus on using Crawl4ai to extract the data you need.
-
-Feel free to reach out if you have any questions or need help with your deployment!
-
-Happy crawling!
-- UncleCode
-
-## Additional Resources
-
-- [Modal Documentation](https://modal.com/docs)
-- [Crawl4ai GitHub Repository](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai)
-- [Crawl4ai Documentation](https://docs.crawl4ai.com)

deploy/modal/test_modal.py

@@ -1,317 +0,0 @@
-
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Crawl4ai API Testing Script
-
-This script tests all endpoints of the Crawl4ai API service and demonstrates their usage.
-"""
-
-import argparse
-import json
-import sys
-import time
-from typing import Dict, Any, List, Optional
-
-import requests
-
-# Colors for terminal output
-class Colors:
-    HEADER = '\033[95m'
-    BLUE = '\033[94m'
-    GREEN = '\033[92m'
-    YELLOW = '\033[93m'
-    RED = '\033[91m'
-    ENDC = '\033[0m'
-    BOLD = '\033[1m'
-    UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
-
-def print_header(text: str) -> None:
-    """Print a formatted header."""
-    print(f"\n{Colors.HEADER}{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 80}{Colors.ENDC}")
-    print(f"{Colors.HEADER}{Colors.BOLD}{text.center(80)}{Colors.ENDC}")
-    print(f"{Colors.HEADER}{Colors.BOLD}{'=' * 80}{Colors.ENDC}\n")
-
-def print_step(text: str) -> None:
-    """Print a formatted step description."""
-    print(f"{Colors.BLUE}{Colors.BOLD}>> {text}{Colors.ENDC}")
-
-def print_success(text: str) -> None:
-    """Print a success message."""
-    print(f"{Colors.GREEN}✓ {text}{Colors.ENDC}")
-
-def print_warning(text: str) -> None:
-    """Print a warning message."""
-    print(f"{Colors.YELLOW}⚠ {text}{Colors.ENDC}")
-
-def print_error(text: str) -> None:
-    """Print an error message."""
-    print(f"{Colors.RED}✗ {text}{Colors.ENDC}")
-
-def print_json(data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    """Pretty print JSON data."""
-    print(json.dumps(data, indent=2))
-
-def make_request(method: str, url: str, params: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, 
-                 json_data: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, 
-                 expected_status: int = 200) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Make an HTTP request and handle errors."""
-    print_step(f"Making {method.upper()} request to {url}")
-    
-    if params:
-        print(f"  Parameters: {params}")
-    if json_data:
-        print(f"  JSON Data: {json_data}")
-    
-    try:
-        response = requests.request(
-            method=method,
-            url=url,
-            params=params,
-            json=json_data,
-            timeout=300  # 5 minute timeout for crawling operations
-        )
-        
-        status_code = response.status_code
-        print(f"  Status Code: {status_code}")
-        
-        try:
-            data = response.json()
-            print("  Response:")
-            print_json(data)
-            
-            if status_code != expected_status:
-                print_error(f"Expected status code {expected_status}, got {status_code}")
-                return data
-            
-            print_success("Request successful")
-            return data
-        except ValueError:
-            print_error("Response is not valid JSON")
-            print(response.text)
-            return {"error": "Invalid JSON response"}
-            
-    except requests.RequestException as e:
-        print_error(f"Request failed: {str(e)}")
-        return {"error": str(e)}
-
-def test_health_check(base_url: str) -> bool:
-    """Test the health check endpoint."""
-    print_header("Testing Health Check Endpoint")
-    
-    response = make_request("GET", f"{base_url}/health_check")
-    
-    if "status" in response and response["status"] == "online":
-        print_success("Health check passed")
-        return True
-    else:
-        print_error("Health check failed")
-        return False
-
-def test_admin_create_user(base_url: str, admin_token: str, email: str, name: str) -> Optional[str]:
-    """Test creating a new user."""
-    print_header("Testing Admin User Creation")
-    
-    response = make_request(
-        "POST", 
-        f"{base_url}/admin_create_user",
-        json_data={
-            "admin_token": admin_token,
-            "email": email,
-            "name": name
-        },
-        expected_status=201
-    )
-    
-    if response.get("success") and "data" in response:
-        api_token = response["data"].get("api_token")
-        if api_token:
-            print_success(f"User created successfully with API token: {api_token}")
-            return api_token
-    
-    print_error("Failed to create user")
-    return None
-
-def test_check_credits(base_url: str, api_token: str) -> Optional[int]:
-    """Test checking user credits."""
-    print_header("Testing Check Credits Endpoint")
-    
-    response = make_request(
-        "GET",
-        f"{base_url}/check_credits",
-        params={"api_token": api_token}
-    )
-    
-    if response.get("success") and "data" in response:
-        credits = response["data"].get("credits")
-        if credits is not None:
-            print_success(f"User has {credits} credits")
-            return credits
-    
-    print_error("Failed to check credits")
-    return None
-
-def test_crawl_endpoint(base_url: str, api_token: str, url: str) -> bool:
-    """Test the crawl endpoint."""
-    print_header("Testing Crawl Endpoint")
-    
-    response = make_request(
-        "POST",
-        f"{base_url}/crawl_endpoint",
-        json_data={
-            "api_token": api_token,
-            "url": url
-        }
-    )
-    
-    if response.get("success") and "data" in response:
-        print_success("Crawl completed successfully")
-        
-        # Display some crawl result data
-        data = response["data"]
-        if "title" in data:
-            print(f"Page Title: {data['title']}")
-        if "status" in data:
-            print(f"Status: {data['status']}")
-        if "links" in data:
-            print(f"Links found: {len(data['links'])}")
-        if "markdown_v2" in data and data["markdown_v2"] and "raw_markdown" in data["markdown_v2"]:
-            print("Markdown Preview (first 200 chars):")
-            print(data["markdown_v2"]["raw_markdown"][:200] + "...")
-            
-        credits_remaining = response.get("credits_remaining")
-        if credits_remaining is not None:
-            print(f"Credits remaining: {credits_remaining}")
-            
-        return True
-    
-    print_error("Crawl failed")
-    return False
-
-def test_admin_update_credits(base_url: str, admin_token: str, api_token: str, amount: int) -> bool:
-    """Test updating user credits."""
-    print_header("Testing Admin Update Credits")
-    
-    response = make_request(
-        "POST",
-        f"{base_url}/admin_update_credits",
-        json_data={
-            "admin_token": admin_token,
-            "api_token": api_token,
-            "amount": amount
-        }
-    )
-    
-    if response.get("success") and "data" in response:
-        print_success(f"Credits updated successfully, new balance: {response['data'].get('credits')}")
-        return True
-    
-    print_error("Failed to update credits")
-    return False
-
-def test_admin_get_users(base_url: str, admin_token: str) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Test getting all users."""
-    print_header("Testing Admin Get All Users")
-    
-    response = make_request(
-        "GET",
-        f"{base_url}/admin_get_users",
-        params={"admin_token": admin_token}
-    )
-    
-    if response.get("success") and "data" in response:
-        users = response["data"]
-        print_success(f"Retrieved {len(users)} users")
-        return users
-    
-    print_error("Failed to get users")
-    return []
-
-def run_full_test(base_url: str, admin_token: str) -> None:
-    """Run all tests in sequence."""
-    # Remove trailing slash if present
-    base_url = base_url.rstrip('/')
-    
-    # Test 1: Health Check
-    if not test_health_check(base_url):
-        print_error("Health check failed, aborting tests")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    
-    # Test 2: Create a test user
-    email = f"test-user-{int(time.time())}@example.com"
-    name = "Test User"
-    api_token = test_admin_create_user(base_url, admin_token, email, name)
-    
-    if not api_token:
-        print_error("User creation failed, aborting tests")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    
-    # Test 3: Check initial credits
-    initial_credits = test_check_credits(base_url, api_token)
-    
-    if initial_credits is None:
-        print_error("Credit check failed, aborting tests")
-        sys.exit(1)
-    
-    # Test 4: Perform a crawl
-    test_url = "https://news.ycombinator.com"
-    crawl_success = test_crawl_endpoint(base_url, api_token, test_url)
-    
-    if not crawl_success:
-        print_warning("Crawl test failed, but continuing with other tests")
-    
-    # Test 5: Check credits after crawl
-    post_crawl_credits = test_check_credits(base_url, api_token)
-    
-    if post_crawl_credits is not None and initial_credits is not None:
-        if post_crawl_credits == initial_credits - 1:
-            print_success("Credit deduction verified")
-        else:
-            print_warning(f"Unexpected credit change: {initial_credits} -> {post_crawl_credits}")
-    
-    # Test 6: Add credits
-    add_credits_amount = 50
-    if test_admin_update_credits(base_url, admin_token, api_token, add_credits_amount):
-        print_success(f"Added {add_credits_amount} credits")
-    
-    # Test 7: Check credits after addition
-    post_addition_credits = test_check_credits(base_url, api_token)
-    
-    if post_addition_credits is not None and post_crawl_credits is not None:
-        if post_addition_credits == post_crawl_credits + add_credits_amount:
-            print_success("Credit addition verified")
-        else:
-            print_warning(f"Unexpected credit change: {post_crawl_credits} -> {post_addition_credits}")
-    
-    # Test 8: Get all users
-    users = test_admin_get_users(base_url, admin_token)
-    
-    if users:
-        # Check if our test user is in the list
-        test_user = next((user for user in users if user.get("email") == email), None)
-        if test_user:
-            print_success("Test user found in users list")
-        else:
-            print_warning("Test user not found in users list")
-    
-    # Final report
-    print_header("Test Summary")
-    
-    print_success("All endpoints tested successfully")
-    print(f"Test user created with email: {email}")
-    print(f"API token: {api_token}")
-    print(f"Final credit balance: {post_addition_credits}")
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Test Crawl4ai API endpoints")
-    parser.add_argument("--base-url", required=True, help="Base URL of the Crawl4ai API (e.g., https://username--crawl4ai-api.modal.run)")
-    parser.add_argument("--admin-token", required=True, help="Admin token for authentication")
-    
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-    
-    print_header("Crawl4ai API Test Script")
-    print(f"Testing API at: {args.base_url}")
-    
-    run_full_test(args.base_url, args.admin_token)
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

docs/examples/README_BUILTIN_BROWSER.md

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Builtin Browser in Crawl4AI
+
+This document explains the builtin browser feature in Crawl4AI and how to use it effectively.
+
+## What is the Builtin Browser?
+
+The builtin browser is a persistent Chrome instance that Crawl4AI manages for you. It runs in the background and can be used by multiple crawling operations, eliminating the need to start and stop browsers for each crawl.
+
+Benefits include:
+- **Faster startup times** - The browser is already running, so your scripts start faster
+- **Shared resources** - All your crawling scripts can use the same browser instance
+- **Simplified management** - No need to worry about CDP URLs or browser processes
+- **Persistent cookies and sessions** - Browser state persists between script runs
+- **Less resource usage** - Only one browser instance for multiple scripts
+
+## Using the Builtin Browser
+
+### In Python Code
+
+Using the builtin browser in your code is simple:
+
+```python
+from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+
+# Create browser config with builtin mode
+browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+    browser_mode="builtin",  # This is the key setting!
+    headless=True            # Can be headless or not
+)
+
+# Create the crawler
+crawler = AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config)
+
+# Use it - no need to explicitly start()
+result = await crawler.arun("https://example.com")
+```
+
+Key points:
+1. Set `browser_mode="builtin"` in your BrowserConfig
+2. No need for explicit `start()` call - the crawler will automatically connect to the builtin browser
+3. No need to use a context manager or call `close()` - the browser stays running
+
+### Via CLI
+
+The CLI provides commands to manage the builtin browser:
+
+```bash
+# Start the builtin browser
+crwl browser start
+
+# Check its status
+crwl browser status
+
+# Open a visible window to see what the browser is doing
+crwl browser view --url https://example.com
+
+# Stop it when no longer needed
+crwl browser stop
+
+# Restart with different settings
+crwl browser restart --no-headless
+```
+
+When crawling via CLI, simply add the builtin browser mode:
+
+```bash
+crwl https://example.com -b "browser_mode=builtin"
+```
+
+## How It Works
+
+1. When a crawler with `browser_mode="builtin"` is created:
+   - It checks if a builtin browser is already running
+   - If not, it automatically launches one
+   - It connects to the browser via CDP (Chrome DevTools Protocol)
+
+2. The browser process continues running after your script exits
+   - This means it's ready for the next crawl
+   - You can manage it via the CLI commands
+
+3. During installation, Crawl4AI attempts to create a builtin browser automatically
+
+## Example
+
+See the [builtin_browser_example.py](builtin_browser_example.py) file for a complete example.
+
+Run it with:
+
+```bash
+python builtin_browser_example.py
+```
+
+## When to Use
+
+The builtin browser is ideal for:
+- Scripts that run frequently
+- Development and testing workflows
+- Applications that need to minimize startup time
+- Systems where you want to manage browser instances centrally
+
+You might not want to use it when:
+- Running one-off scripts
+- When you need different browser configurations for different tasks
+- In environments where persistent processes are not allowed
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+If you encounter issues:
+
+1. Check the browser status:
+   ```
+   crwl browser status
+   ```
+
+2. Try restarting it:
+   ```
+   crwl browser restart
+   ```
+
+3. If problems persist, stop it and let Crawl4AI start a fresh one:
+   ```
+   crwl browser stop
+   ```

docs/examples/arun_vs_arun_many.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import asyncio
+import time
+from crawl4ai.async_webcrawler import AsyncWebCrawler, CacheMode
+from crawl4ai.async_configs import CrawlerRunConfig
+from crawl4ai.async_dispatcher import MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher, RateLimiter
+
+VERBOSE = False
+
+async def crawl_sequential(urls):
+    config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS, verbose=VERBOSE)
+    results = []
+    start_time = time.perf_counter()
+    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
+        for url in urls:
+            result_container = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=config)
+            results.append(result_container[0])
+    total_time = time.perf_counter() - start_time
+    return total_time, results
+
+async def crawl_parallel_dispatcher(urls):
+    config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS, verbose=VERBOSE)
+    # Dispatcher with rate limiter enabled (default behavior)
+    dispatcher = MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(
+        rate_limiter=RateLimiter(base_delay=(1.0, 3.0), max_delay=60.0, max_retries=3),
+        max_session_permit=50,
+    )
+    start_time = time.perf_counter()
+    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
+        result_container = await crawler.arun_many(urls=urls, config=config, dispatcher=dispatcher)
+        results = []
+        if isinstance(result_container, list):
+            results = result_container
+        else:
+            async for res in result_container:
+                results.append(res)
+    total_time = time.perf_counter() - start_time
+    return total_time, results
+
+async def crawl_parallel_no_rate_limit(urls):
+    config = CrawlerRunConfig(cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS, verbose=VERBOSE)
+    # Dispatcher with no rate limiter and a high session permit to avoid queuing
+    dispatcher = MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(
+        rate_limiter=None,
+        max_session_permit=len(urls)  # allow all URLs concurrently
+    )
+    start_time = time.perf_counter()
+    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
+        result_container = await crawler.arun_many(urls=urls, config=config, dispatcher=dispatcher)
+        results = []
+        if isinstance(result_container, list):
+            results = result_container
+        else:
+            async for res in result_container:
+                results.append(res)
+    total_time = time.perf_counter() - start_time
+    return total_time, results
+
+async def main():
+    urls = ["https://example.com"] * 100
+    print(f"Crawling {len(urls)} URLs sequentially...")
+    seq_time, seq_results = await crawl_sequential(urls)
+    print(f"Sequential crawling took: {seq_time:.2f} seconds\n")
+    
+    print(f"Crawling {len(urls)} URLs in parallel using arun_many with dispatcher (with rate limit)...")
+    disp_time, disp_results = await crawl_parallel_dispatcher(urls)
+    print(f"Parallel (dispatcher with rate limiter) took: {disp_time:.2f} seconds\n")
+       
+    print(f"Crawling {len(urls)} URLs in parallel using dispatcher with no rate limiter...")
+    no_rl_time, no_rl_results = await crawl_parallel_no_rate_limit(urls)
+    print(f"Parallel (dispatcher without rate limiter) took: {no_rl_time:.2f} seconds\n")
+    
+    print("Crawl4ai - Crawling Comparison")
+    print("--------------------------------------------------------")
+    print(f"Sequential crawling took: {seq_time:.2f} seconds")
+    print(f"Parallel (dispatcher with rate limiter) took: {disp_time:.2f} seconds")
+    print(f"Parallel (dispatcher without rate limiter) took: {no_rl_time:.2f} seconds")
+    
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

docs/examples/builtin_browser_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Builtin Browser Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use Crawl4AI's builtin browser feature,
+which simplifies the browser management process. With builtin mode:
+
+- No need to manually start or connect to a browser
+- No need to manage CDP URLs or browser processes
+- Automatically connects to an existing browser or launches one if needed
+- Browser persists between script runs, reducing startup time
+- No explicit cleanup or close() calls needed
+
+The example also demonstrates "auto-starting" where you don't need to explicitly
+call start() method on the crawler.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, CacheMode
+import time
+
+async def crawl_with_builtin_browser():
+    """
+    Simple example of crawling with the builtin browser.
+    
+    Key features:
+    1. browser_mode="builtin" in BrowserConfig
+    2. No explicit start() call needed
+    3. No explicit close() needed
+    """
+    print("\n=== Crawl4AI Builtin Browser Example ===\n")
+    
+    # Create a browser configuration with builtin mode
+    browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+        browser_mode="builtin",  # This is the key setting!
+        headless=True            # Can run headless for background operation
+    )
+    
+    # Create crawler run configuration
+    crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
+        cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,  # Skip cache for this demo
+        screenshot=True,              # Take a screenshot
+        verbose=True                  # Show verbose logging
+    )
+    
+    # Create the crawler instance
+    # Note: We don't need to use "async with" context manager
+    crawler = AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config)
+    
+    # Start crawling several URLs - no explicit start() needed!
+    # The crawler will automatically connect to the builtin browser
+    print("\n➡️ Crawling first URL...")
+    t0 = time.time()
+    result1 = await crawler.arun(
+        url="https://crawl4ai.com",
+        config=crawler_config
+    )
+    t1 = time.time()
+    print(f"✅ First URL crawled in {t1-t0:.2f} seconds")
+    print(f"   Got {len(result1.markdown.raw_markdown)} characters of content")
+    print(f"   Title: {result1.metadata.get('title', 'No title')}")
+    
+    # Try another URL - the browser is already running, so this should be faster
+    print("\n➡️ Crawling second URL...")
+    t0 = time.time()
+    result2 = await crawler.arun(
+        url="https://example.com",
+        config=crawler_config
+    )
+    t1 = time.time()
+    print(f"✅ Second URL crawled in {t1-t0:.2f} seconds")
+    print(f"   Got {len(result2.markdown.raw_markdown)} characters of content")
+    print(f"   Title: {result2.metadata.get('title', 'No title')}")
+    
+    # The builtin browser continues running in the background
+    # No need to explicitly close it
+    print("\n🔄 The builtin browser remains running for future use")
+    print("   You can use 'crwl browser status' to check its status")
+    print("   or 'crwl browser stop' to stop it when completely done")
+
+async def main():
+    """Run the example"""
+    await crawl_with_builtin_browser()
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

docs/examples/crawler_monitor_example.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+"""
+CrawlerMonitor Example
+
+This example demonstrates how to use the CrawlerMonitor component 
+to visualize and track web crawler operations in real-time.
+"""
+
+import time
+import uuid
+import random
+import threading
+from crawl4ai.components.crawler_monitor import CrawlerMonitor
+from crawl4ai.models import CrawlStatus
+
+def simulate_webcrawler_operations(monitor, num_tasks=20):
+    """
+    Simulates a web crawler's operations with multiple tasks and different states.
+    
+    Args:
+        monitor: The CrawlerMonitor instance
+        num_tasks: Number of tasks to simulate
+    """
+    print(f"Starting simulation with {num_tasks} tasks...")
+    
+    # Create and register all tasks first
+    task_ids = []
+    for i in range(num_tasks):
+        task_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        url = f"https://example.com/page{i}"
+        monitor.add_task(task_id, url)
+        task_ids.append((task_id, url))
+        
+        # Small delay between task creation
+        time.sleep(0.2)
+    
+    # Process tasks with a variety of different behaviors
+    threads = []
+    for i, (task_id, url) in enumerate(task_ids):
+        # Create a thread for each task
+        thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=process_task,
+            args=(monitor, task_id, url, i)
+        )
+        thread.daemon = True
+        threads.append(thread)
+    
+    # Start threads in batches to simulate concurrent processing
+    batch_size = 4  # Process 4 tasks at a time
+    for i in range(0, len(threads), batch_size):
+        batch = threads[i:i+batch_size]
+        for thread in batch:
+            thread.start()
+            time.sleep(0.5)  # Stagger thread start times
+        
+        # Wait a bit before starting next batch
+        time.sleep(random.uniform(1.0, 3.0))
+        
+        # Update queue statistics
+        update_queue_stats(monitor)
+        
+        # Simulate memory pressure changes
+        active_threads = [t for t in threads if t.is_alive()]
+        if len(active_threads) > 8:
+            monitor.update_memory_status("CRITICAL")
+        elif len(active_threads) > 4:
+            monitor.update_memory_status("PRESSURE")
+        else:
+            monitor.update_memory_status("NORMAL")
+    
+    # Wait for all threads to complete
+    for thread in threads:
+        thread.join()
+    
+    # Final updates
+    update_queue_stats(monitor)
+    monitor.update_memory_status("NORMAL")
+    
+    print("Simulation completed!")
+    
+def process_task(monitor, task_id, url, index):
+    """Simulate processing of a single task."""
+    # Tasks start in queued state (already added)
+    
+    # Simulate waiting in queue
+    wait_time = random.uniform(0.5, 3.0)
+    time.sleep(wait_time)
+    
+    # Start processing - move to IN_PROGRESS
+    monitor.update_task(
+        task_id=task_id,
+        status=CrawlStatus.IN_PROGRESS,
+        start_time=time.time(),
+        wait_time=wait_time
+    )
+    
+    # Simulate task processing with memory usage changes
+    total_process_time = random.uniform(2.0, 10.0)
+    step_time = total_process_time / 5  # Update in 5 steps
+    
+    for step in range(5):
+        # Simulate increasing then decreasing memory usage
+        if step < 3:  # First 3 steps - increasing
+            memory_usage = random.uniform(5.0, 20.0) * (step + 1)
+        else:  # Last 2 steps - decreasing
+            memory_usage = random.uniform(5.0, 20.0) * (5 - step)
+            
+        # Update peak memory if this is higher
+        peak = max(memory_usage, monitor.get_task_stats(task_id).get("peak_memory", 0))
+        
+        monitor.update_task(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            memory_usage=memory_usage,
+            peak_memory=peak
+        )
+        
+        time.sleep(step_time)
+    
+    # Determine final state - 80% success, 20% failure
+    if index % 5 == 0:  # Every 5th task fails
+        monitor.update_task(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            status=CrawlStatus.FAILED,
+            end_time=time.time(),
+            memory_usage=0.0,
+            error_message="Connection timeout"
+        )
+    else:
+        monitor.update_task(
+            task_id=task_id,
+            status=CrawlStatus.COMPLETED,
+            end_time=time.time(),
+            memory_usage=0.0
+        )
+
+def update_queue_stats(monitor):
+    """Update queue statistics based on current tasks."""
+    task_stats = monitor.get_all_task_stats()
+    
+    # Count queued tasks
+    queued_tasks = [
+        stats for stats in task_stats.values() 
+        if stats["status"] == CrawlStatus.QUEUED.name
+    ]
+    
+    total_queued = len(queued_tasks)
+    
+    if total_queued > 0:
+        current_time = time.time()
+        # Calculate wait times
+        wait_times = [
+            current_time - stats.get("enqueue_time", current_time)
+            for stats in queued_tasks
+        ]
+        highest_wait_time = max(wait_times) if wait_times else 0.0
+        avg_wait_time = sum(wait_times) / len(wait_times) if wait_times else 0.0
+    else:
+        highest_wait_time = 0.0
+        avg_wait_time = 0.0
+    
+    # Update monitor
+    monitor.update_queue_statistics(
+        total_queued=total_queued,
+        highest_wait_time=highest_wait_time,
+        avg_wait_time=avg_wait_time
+    )
+
+def main():
+    # Initialize the monitor
+    monitor = CrawlerMonitor(
+        urls_total=20,  # Total URLs to process
+        refresh_rate=0.5,  # Update UI twice per second
+        enable_ui=True,    # Enable terminal UI
+        max_width=120     # Set maximum width to 120 characters
+    )
+    
+    # Start the monitor
+    monitor.start()
+    
+    try:
+        # Run simulation
+        simulate_webcrawler_operations(monitor)
+        
+        # Keep monitor running a bit to see final state
+        print("Waiting to view final state...")
+        time.sleep(5)
+        
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\nExample interrupted by user")
+    finally:
+        # Stop the monitor
+        monitor.stop()
+        print("Example completed!")
+        
+        # Print some statistics
+        summary = monitor.get_summary()
+        print("\nCrawler Statistics Summary:")
+        print(f"Total URLs: {summary['urls_total']}")
+        print(f"Completed: {summary['urls_completed']}")
+        print(f"Completion percentage: {summary['completion_percentage']:.1f}%")
+        print(f"Peak memory usage: {summary['peak_memory_percent']:.1f}%")
+        
+        # Print task status counts
+        status_counts = summary['status_counts']
+        print("\nTask Status Counts:")
+        for status, count in status_counts.items():
+            print(f"  {status}: {count}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

docs/examples/crypto_analysis_example.py

@@ -18,11 +18,20 @@ Key Features:
 
 import asyncio
 import pandas as pd
+import numpy as np
+import re
 import plotly.express as px
-from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, CacheMode, LXMLWebScrapingStrategy
+from crawl4ai import (
+    AsyncWebCrawler,
+    BrowserConfig,
+    CrawlerRunConfig,
+    CacheMode,
+    LXMLWebScrapingStrategy,
+)
 from crawl4ai import CrawlResult
 from typing import List
-from IPython.display import HTML
+
+__current_dir__ = __file__.rsplit("/", 1)[0]
 
 class CryptoAlphaGenerator:
     """
@@ -31,134 +40,319 @@ class CryptoAlphaGenerator:
     - Liquidity scores
     - Momentum-risk ratios
     - Machine learning-inspired trading signals
-    
+
     Methods:
     analyze_tables(): Process raw tables into trading insights
     create_visuals(): Generate institutional-grade visualizations
     generate_insights(): Create plain English trading recommendations
     """
-    
+
     def clean_data(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
         """
-        Convert crypto market data to machine-readable format
-        Handles currency symbols, units (B=Billions), and percentage values
+        Convert crypto market data to machine-readable format.
+        Handles currency symbols, units (B=Billions), and percentage values.
         """
-        # Clean numeric columns
-        df['Price'] = df['Price'].str.replace('[^\d.]', '', regex=True).astype(float)
-        df['Market Cap'] = df['Market Cap'].str.extract(r'\$([\d.]+)B')[0].astype(float) * 1e9
-        df['Volume(24h)'] = df['Volume(24h)'].str.extract(r'\$([\d.]+)B')[0].astype(float) * 1e9
+        # Make a copy to avoid SettingWithCopyWarning
+        df = df.copy()
+        
+        # Clean Price column (handle currency symbols)
+        df["Price"] = df["Price"].astype(str).str.replace("[^\d.]", "", regex=True).astype(float)
+        
+        # Handle Market Cap and Volume, considering both Billions and Trillions
+        def convert_large_numbers(value):
+            if pd.isna(value):
+                return float('nan')
+            value = str(value)
+            multiplier = 1
+            if 'B' in value:
+                multiplier = 1e9
+            elif 'T' in value:
+                multiplier = 1e12
+            # Handle cases where the value might already be numeric
+            cleaned_value = re.sub(r"[^\d.]", "", value)
+            return float(cleaned_value) * multiplier if cleaned_value else float('nan')
+        
+        df["Market Cap"] = df["Market Cap"].apply(convert_large_numbers)
+        df["Volume(24h)"] = df["Volume(24h)"].apply(convert_large_numbers)
         
         # Convert percentages to decimal values
-        for col in ['1h %', '24h %', '7d %']:
-            df[col] = df[col].str.replace('%', '').astype(float) / 100
-            
+        for col in ["1h %", "24h %", "7d %"]:
+            if col in df.columns:
+                # First ensure it's string, then clean
+                df[col] = (
+                    df[col].astype(str)
+                    .str.replace("%", "")
+                    .str.replace(",", ".")
+                    .replace("nan", np.nan)
+                )
+                df[col] = pd.to_numeric(df[col], errors='coerce') / 100
+        
         return df
 
     def calculate_metrics(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
         """
         Compute advanced trading metrics used by quantitative funds:
-        
+
         1. Volume/Market Cap Ratio - Measures liquidity efficiency
-           (High ratio = Underestimated attention)
-           
-        2. Volatility Score - Risk-adjusted momentum potential
+           (High ratio = Underestimated attention, and small-cap = higher growth potential)
+
+        2. Volatility Score - Risk-adjusted momentum potential - Shows how stable is the trend
            (STD of 1h/24h/7d returns)
-           
-        3. Momentum Score - Weighted average of returns
+
+        3. Momentum Score - Weighted average of returns - Shows how strong is the trend
            (1h:30% + 24h:50% + 7d:20%)
-           
+
         4. Volume Anomaly - 3σ deviation detection
-           (Flags potential insider activity)
+           (Flags potential insider activity) - Unusual trading activity – Flags coins with volume spikes (potential insider buying or news).
         """
         # Liquidity Metrics
-        df['Volume/Market Cap Ratio'] = df['Volume(24h)'] / df['Market Cap']
-        
+        df["Volume/Market Cap Ratio"] = df["Volume(24h)"] / df["Market Cap"]
+
         # Risk Metrics
-        df['Volatility Score'] = df[['1h %','24h %','7d %']].std(axis=1)
-        
+        df["Volatility Score"] = df[["1h %", "24h %", "7d %"]].std(axis=1)
+
         # Momentum Metrics
-        df['Momentum Score'] = (df['1h %']*0.3 + df['24h %']*0.5 + df['7d %']*0.2)
-        
+        df["Momentum Score"] = df["1h %"] * 0.3 + df["24h %"] * 0.5 + df["7d %"] * 0.2
+
         # Anomaly Detection
-        median_vol = df['Volume(24h)'].median()
-        df['Volume Anomaly'] = df['Volume(24h)'] > 3 * median_vol
-        
+        median_vol = df["Volume(24h)"].median()
+        df["Volume Anomaly"] = df["Volume(24h)"] > 3 * median_vol
+
         # Value Flags
-        df['Undervalued Flag'] = (df['Market Cap'] < 1e9) & (df['Momentum Score'] > 0.05)
-        df['Liquid Giant'] = (df['Volume/Market Cap Ratio'] > 0.15) & (df['Market Cap'] > 1e9)
-        
+        # Undervalued Flag - Low market cap and high momentum
+        # (High growth potential and low attention)
+        df["Undervalued Flag"] = (df["Market Cap"] < 1e9) & (
+            df["Momentum Score"] > 0.05
+        )
+        # Liquid Giant Flag - High volume/market cap ratio and large market cap
+        # (High liquidity and large market cap = institutional interest)
+        df["Liquid Giant"] = (df["Volume/Market Cap Ratio"] > 0.15) & (
+            df["Market Cap"] > 1e9
+        )
+
         return df
 
-    def create_visuals(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> dict:
+    def generate_insights_simple(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> str:
         """
-        Generate three institutional-grade visualizations:
-        
-        1. 3D Market Map - X:Size, Y:Liquidity, Z:Momentum
-        2. Liquidity Tree - Color:Volume Efficiency
-        3. Momentum Leaderboard - Top sustainable movers
+        Generates an ultra-actionable crypto trading report with:
+        - Risk-tiered opportunities (High/Medium/Low)
+        - Concrete examples for each trade type
+        - Entry/exit strategies spelled out
+        - Visual cues for quick scanning
         """
-        # 3D Market Overview
-        fig1 = px.scatter_3d(
-            df, 
-            x='Market Cap', 
-            y='Volume/Market Cap Ratio',
-            z='Momentum Score',
-            size='Volatility Score',
-            color='Volume Anomaly',
-            hover_name='Name',
-            title='Smart Money Market Map: Spot Overlooked Opportunities',
-            labels={'Market Cap': 'Size (Log $)', 'Volume/Market Cap Ratio': 'Liquidity Power'},
-            log_x=True,
-            template='plotly_dark'
-        )
-        
-        # Liquidity Efficiency Tree
-        fig2 = px.treemap(
-            df,
-            path=['Name'], 
-            values='Market Cap',
-            color='Volume/Market Cap Ratio',
-            hover_data=['Momentum Score'],
-            title='Liquidity Forest: Green = High Trading Efficiency',
-            color_continuous_scale='RdYlGn'
-        )
-        
-        # Momentum Leaders
-        fig3 = px.bar(
-            df.sort_values('Momentum Score', ascending=False).head(10),
-            x='Name', 
-            y='Momentum Score',
-            color='Volatility Score',
-            title='Sustainable Momentum Leaders (Low Volatility + High Growth)',
-            text='7d %',
-            template='plotly_dark'
-        )
-        
-        return {'market_map': fig1, 'liquidity_tree': fig2, 'momentum_leaders': fig3}
+        report = [
+            "🚀 **CRYPTO TRADING CHEAT SHEET** 🚀",
+            "*Based on quantitative signals + hedge fund tactics*",
+            "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+        ]
+
+        # 1. HIGH-RISK: Undervalued Small-Caps (Momentum Plays)
+        high_risk = df[df["Undervalued Flag"]].sort_values("Momentum Score", ascending=False)
+        if not high_risk.empty:
+            example_coin = high_risk.iloc[0]
+            report.extend([
+                "\n🔥 **HIGH-RISK: Rocket Fuel Small-Caps**",
+                f"*Example Trade:* {example_coin['Name']} (Price: ${example_coin['Price']:.6f})",
+                "📊 *Why?* Tiny market cap (<$1B) but STRONG momentum (+{:.0f}% last week)".format(example_coin['7d %']*100),
+                "🎯 *Strategy:*",
+                "1. Wait for 5-10% dip from recent high (${:.6f} → Buy under ${:.6f})".format(
+                    example_coin['Price'] / (1 - example_coin['24h %']),  # Approx recent high
+                    example_coin['Price'] * 0.95
+                ),
+                "2. Set stop-loss at -10% (${:.6f})".format(example_coin['Price'] * 0.90),
+                "3. Take profit at +20% (${:.6f})".format(example_coin['Price'] * 1.20),
+                "⚠️ *Risk Warning:* These can drop 30% fast! Never bet more than 5% of your portfolio.",
+                "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+            ])
+
+        # 2. MEDIUM-RISK: Liquid Giants (Swing Trades)
+        medium_risk = df[df["Liquid Giant"]].sort_values("Volume/Market Cap Ratio", ascending=False)
+        if not medium_risk.empty:
+            example_coin = medium_risk.iloc[0]
+            report.extend([
+                "\n💎 **MEDIUM-RISK: Liquid Giants (Safe Swing Trades)**",
+                f"*Example Trade:* {example_coin['Name']} (Market Cap: ${example_coin['Market Cap']/1e9:.1f}B)",
+                "📊 *Why?* Huge volume (${:.1f}M/day) makes it easy to enter/exit".format(example_coin['Volume(24h)']/1e6),
+                "🎯 *Strategy:*",
+                "1. Buy when 24h volume > 15% of market cap (Current: {:.0f}%)".format(example_coin['Volume/Market Cap Ratio']*100),
+                "2. Hold 1-4 weeks (Big coins trend longer)",
+                "3. Exit when momentum drops below 5% (Current: {:.0f}%)".format(example_coin['Momentum Score']*100),
+                "📉 *Pro Tip:* Watch Bitcoin's trend - if BTC drops 5%, these usually follow.",
+                "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+            ])
+
+        # 3. LOW-RISK: Stable Momentum (DCA Targets)
+        low_risk = df[
+            (df["Momentum Score"] > 0.05) & 
+            (df["Volatility Score"] < 0.03)
+        ].sort_values("Market Cap", ascending=False)
+        if not low_risk.empty:
+            example_coin = low_risk.iloc[0]
+            report.extend([
+                "\n🛡️ **LOW-RISK: Steady Climbers (DCA & Forget)**",
+                f"*Example Trade:* {example_coin['Name']} (Volatility: {example_coin['Volatility Score']:.2f}/5)",
+                "📊 *Why?* Rises steadily (+{:.0f}%/week) with LOW drama".format(example_coin['7d %']*100),
+                "🎯 *Strategy:*",
+                "1. Buy small amounts every Tuesday/Friday (DCA)",
+                "2. Hold for 3+ months (Compound gains work best here)",
+                "3. Sell 10% at every +25% milestone",
+                "💰 *Best For:* Long-term investors who hate sleepless nights",
+                "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+            ])
+
+        # Volume Spike Alerts
+        anomalies = df[df["Volume Anomaly"]].sort_values("Volume(24h)", ascending=False)
+        if not anomalies.empty:
+            example_coin = anomalies.iloc[0]
+            report.extend([
+                "\n🚨 **Volume Spike Alert (Possible News/Whale Action)**",
+                f"*Coin:* {example_coin['Name']} (Volume: ${example_coin['Volume(24h)']/1e6:.1f}M, usual: ${example_coin['Volume(24h)']/3/1e6:.1f}M)",
+                "🔍 *Check:* Twitter/CoinGecko for news before trading",
+                "⚡ *If no news:* Could be insider buying - watch price action:",
+                "- Break above today's high → Buy with tight stop-loss",
+                "- Fade back down → Avoid (may be a fakeout)"
+            ])
+
+        # Pro Tip Footer
+        report.append("\n✨ *Pro Tip:* Bookmark this report & check back in 24h to see if signals held up.")
+
+        return "\n".join(report)
 
     def generate_insights(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> str:
         """
-        Create plain English trading insights explaining:
-        - Volume spikes and their implications
-        - Risk-reward ratios of top movers
-        - Liquidity warnings for large positions
+        Generates a tactical trading report with:
+        - Top 3 trades per risk level (High/Medium/Low)
+        - Auto-calculated entry/exit prices
+        - BTC chart toggle tip
         """
-        top_coin = df.sort_values('Momentum Score', ascending=False).iloc[0]
-        anomaly_coins = df[df['Volume Anomaly']].sort_values('Volume(24h)', ascending=False)
+        # Filter top candidates for each risk level
+        high_risk = (
+            df[df["Undervalued Flag"]]
+            .sort_values("Momentum Score", ascending=False)
+            .head(3)
+        )
+        medium_risk = (
+            df[df["Liquid Giant"]]
+            .sort_values("Volume/Market Cap Ratio", ascending=False)
+            .head(3)
+        )
+        low_risk = (
+            df[(df["Momentum Score"] > 0.05) & (df["Volatility Score"] < 0.03)]
+            .sort_values("Momentum Score", ascending=False)
+            .head(3)
+        )
+
+        report = ["# 🎯 Crypto Trading Tactical Report (Top 3 Per Risk Tier)"]
         
-        report = f"""
-        🚀 Top Alpha Opportunity: {top_coin['Name']}
-        - Momentum Score: {top_coin['Momentum Score']:.2%} (Top 1%)
-        - Risk-Reward Ratio: {top_coin['Momentum Score']/top_coin['Volatility Score']:.1f}
-        - Liquidity Warning: {'✅ Safe' if top_coin['Liquid Giant'] else '⚠️ Thin Markets'}
+        # 1. High-Risk Trades (Small-Cap Momentum)
+        if not high_risk.empty:
+            report.append("\n## 🔥 HIGH RISK: Small-Cap Rockets (5-50% Potential)")
+            for i, coin in high_risk.iterrows():
+                current_price = coin["Price"]
+                entry = current_price * 0.95  # -5% dip
+                stop_loss = current_price * 0.90  # -10%
+                take_profit = current_price * 1.20  # +20%
+                
+                report.append(
+                    f"\n### {coin['Name']} (Momentum: {coin['Momentum Score']:.1%})"
+                    f"\n- **Current Price:** ${current_price:.4f}"
+                    f"\n- **Entry:** < ${entry:.4f} (Wait for pullback)"
+                    f"\n- **Stop-Loss:** ${stop_loss:.4f} (-10%)"
+                    f"\n- **Target:** ${take_profit:.4f} (+20%)"
+                    f"\n- **Risk/Reward:** 1:2"
+                    f"\n- **Watch:** Volume spikes above {coin['Volume(24h)']/1e6:.1f}M"
+                )
+
+        # 2. Medium-Risk Trades (Liquid Giants)
+        if not medium_risk.empty:
+            report.append("\n## 💎 MEDIUM RISK: Liquid Swing Trades (10-30% Potential)")
+            for i, coin in medium_risk.iterrows():
+                current_price = coin["Price"]
+                entry = current_price * 0.98  # -2% dip
+                stop_loss = current_price * 0.94  # -6%
+                take_profit = current_price * 1.15  # +15%
+                
+                report.append(
+                    f"\n### {coin['Name']} (Liquidity Score: {coin['Volume/Market Cap Ratio']:.1%})"
+                    f"\n- **Current Price:** ${current_price:.2f}"
+                    f"\n- **Entry:** < ${entry:.2f} (Buy slight dips)"
+                    f"\n- **Stop-Loss:** ${stop_loss:.2f} (-6%)"
+                    f"\n- **Target:** ${take_profit:.2f} (+15%)"
+                    f"\n- **Hold Time:** 1-3 weeks"
+                    f"\n- **Key Metric:** Volume/Cap > 15%"
+                )
+
+        # 3. Low-Risk Trades (Stable Momentum)
+        if not low_risk.empty:
+            report.append("\n## 🛡️ LOW RISK: Steady Gainers (5-15% Potential)")
+            for i, coin in low_risk.iterrows():
+                current_price = coin["Price"]
+                entry = current_price * 0.99  # -1% dip
+                stop_loss = current_price * 0.97  # -3%
+                take_profit = current_price * 1.10  # +10%
+                
+                report.append(
+                    f"\n### {coin['Name']} (Stability Score: {1/coin['Volatility Score']:.1f}x)"
+                    f"\n- **Current Price:** ${current_price:.2f}"
+                    f"\n- **Entry:** < ${entry:.2f} (Safe zone)"
+                    f"\n- **Stop-Loss:** ${stop_loss:.2f} (-3%)"
+                    f"\n- **Target:** ${take_profit:.2f} (+10%)"
+                    f"\n- **DCA Suggestion:** 3 buys over 72 hours"
+                )
+
+        # Volume Anomaly Alert
+        anomalies = df[df["Volume Anomaly"]].sort_values("Volume(24h)", ascending=False).head(2)
+        if not anomalies.empty:
+            report.append("\n⚠️ **Volume Spike Alerts**")
+            for i, coin in anomalies.iterrows():
+                report.append(
+                    f"- {coin['Name']}: Volume {coin['Volume(24h)']/1e6:.1f}M "
+                    f"(3x normal) | Price moved: {coin['24h %']:.1%}"
+                )
+
+        # Pro Tip
+        report.append(
+            "\n📊 **Chart Hack:** Hide BTC in visuals:\n"
+            "```python\n"
+            "# For 3D Map:\n"
+            "fig.update_traces(visible=False, selector={'name':'Bitcoin'})\n"
+            "# For Treemap:\n"
+            "df = df[df['Name'] != 'Bitcoin']\n"
+            "```"
+        )
+
+        return "\n".join(report)
+
+    def create_visuals(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> dict:
+        """Enhanced visuals with BTC toggle support"""
+        # 3D Market Map (with BTC toggle hint)
+        fig1 = px.scatter_3d(
+            df,
+            x="Market Cap",
+            y="Volume/Market Cap Ratio",
+            z="Momentum Score",
+            color="Name",  # Color by name to allow toggling
+            hover_name="Name",
+            title="Market Map (Toggle BTC in legend to focus on alts)",
+            log_x=True
+        )
+        fig1.update_traces(
+            marker=dict(size=df["Volatility Score"]*100 + 5)  # Dynamic sizing
+        )
         
-        🔥 Volume Spikes Detected ({len(anomaly_coins)} coins):
-        {anomaly_coins[['Name', 'Volume(24h)']].head(3).to_markdown(index=False)}
+        # Liquidity Tree (exclude BTC if too dominant)
+        if df[df["Name"] == "BitcoinBTC"]["Market Cap"].values[0] > df["Market Cap"].median() * 10:
+            df = df[df["Name"] != "BitcoinBTC"]
         
-        💡 Smart Money Tip: Coins with Volume/Cap > 15% and Momentum > 5% 
-        historically outperform by 22% weekly returns.
-        """
-        return report
+        fig2 = px.treemap(
+            df,
+            path=["Name"],
+            values="Market Cap",
+            color="Volume/Market Cap Ratio",
+            title="Liquidity Tree (BTC auto-removed if dominant)"
+        )
+        
+        return {"market_map": fig1, "liquidity_tree": fig2}
 
 async def main():
     """
@@ -171,60 +365,79 @@ async def main():
     """
     # Configure browser with anti-detection features
     browser_config = BrowserConfig(
-        headless=True,
-        stealth=True,
-        block_resources=["image", "media"]
+        headless=False,
     )
-    
+
     # Initialize crawler with smart table detection
     crawler = AsyncWebCrawler(config=browser_config)
     await crawler.start()
-    
+
     try:
         # Set up scraping parameters
         crawl_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
             cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            scraping_strategy=LXMLWebScrapingStrategy(
-                table_score_threshold=8,  # Strict table detection
-                keep_data_attributes=True
-            )
+            table_score_threshold=8,  # Strict table detection
+            keep_data_attributes=True,
+            scraping_strategy=LXMLWebScrapingStrategy(),
+            scan_full_page=True,
+            scroll_delay=0.2,
         )
-        
-        # Execute market data extraction
-        results: List[CrawlResult] = await crawler.arun(
-            url='https://coinmarketcap.com/?page=1',
-            config=crawl_config
-        )
-        
-        # Process results
-        for result in results:
-            if result.success and result.media['tables']:
-                # Extract primary market table
-                raw_df = pd.DataFrame(
-                    result.media['tables'][0]['rows'],
-                    columns=result.media['tables'][0]['headers']
-                )
-                
-                # Initialize analysis engine
-                analyzer = CryptoAlphaGenerator()
-                clean_df = analyzer.clean_data(raw_df)
-                analyzed_df = analyzer.calculate_metrics(clean_df)
-                
-                # Generate outputs
-                visuals = analyzer.create_visuals(analyzed_df)
-                insights = analyzer.generate_insights(analyzed_df)
-                
-                # Save visualizations
-                visuals['market_map'].write_html("market_map.html")
-                visuals['liquidity_tree'].write_html("liquidity_tree.html")
-                
-                # Display results
-                print("🔑 Key Trading Insights:")
-                print(insights)
-                print("\n📊 Open 'market_map.html' for interactive analysis")
+
+        # # Execute market data extraction
+        # results: List[CrawlResult] = await crawler.arun(
+        #     url="https://coinmarketcap.com/?page=1", config=crawl_config
+        # )
+
+        # # Process results
+        # raw_df = pd.DataFrame()
+        # for result in results:
+        #     if result.success and result.media["tables"]:
+        #         # Extract primary market table
+        #         # DataFrame
+        #         raw_df = pd.DataFrame(
+        #             result.media["tables"][0]["rows"],
+        #             columns=result.media["tables"][0]["headers"],
+        #         )
+        #         break
+
+
+        # This is for debugging only
+        # ////// Remove this in production from here..
+        # Save raw data for debugging
+        # raw_df.to_csv(f"{__current_dir__}/tmp/raw_crypto_data.csv", index=False)
+        # print("🔍 Raw data saved to 'raw_crypto_data.csv'")
+
+        # Read from file for debugging
+        raw_df = pd.read_csv(f"{__current_dir__}/tmp/raw_crypto_data.csv")
+        # ////// ..to here
+
+        # Select top 20
+        raw_df = raw_df.head(50)
+        # Remove "Buy" from name
+        raw_df["Name"] = raw_df["Name"].str.replace("Buy", "")
+
+        # Initialize analysis engine
+        analyzer = CryptoAlphaGenerator()
+        clean_df = analyzer.clean_data(raw_df)
+        analyzed_df = analyzer.calculate_metrics(clean_df)
+
+        # Generate outputs
+        visuals = analyzer.create_visuals(analyzed_df)
+        insights = analyzer.generate_insights(analyzed_df)
+
+        # Save visualizations
+        visuals["market_map"].write_html(f"{__current_dir__}/tmp/market_map.html")
+        visuals["liquidity_tree"].write_html(f"{__current_dir__}/tmp/liquidity_tree.html")
+
+        # Display results
+        print("🔑 Key Trading Insights:")
+        print(insights)
+        print("\n📊 Open 'market_map.html' for interactive analysis")
+        print("\n📊 Open 'liquidity_tree.html' for interactive analysis")
 
     finally:
         await crawler.close()
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    asyncio.run(main())
+    asyncio.run(main())

docs/examples/docker_python_rest_api.py

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ async def test_stream_crawl(session, token: str):
             # "https://news.ycombinator.com/news"
         ],
         "browser_config": {"headless": True, "viewport": {"width": 1200}},
-        "crawler_config": {"stream": True, "cache_mode": "aggressive"}
+        "crawler_config": {"stream": True, "cache_mode": "bypass"}
     }
     headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
     print(f"\nTesting Streaming Crawl: {url}")

docs/examples/hello_world.py

@@ -9,6 +9,26 @@ from crawl4ai import (
     CrawlResult
 )
 
+async def example_cdp():
+    browser_conf = BrowserConfig(
+        headless=False,
+        cdp_url="http://localhost:9223"
+    )
+    crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
+        session_id="test",
+        js_code = """(() => { return {"result": "Hello World!"} })()""",
+        js_only=True
+    )
+    async with AsyncWebCrawler(
+        config=browser_conf,
+        verbose=True,
+    ) as crawler:
+        result : CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(
+            url="https://www.helloworld.org",
+            config=crawler_config,
+        )
+        print(result.js_execution_result)
+                   
 
 async def main():
     browser_config = BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=True)
@@ -16,18 +36,15 @@ async def main():
         crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
             cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
             markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
-                # content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
-                #     threshold=0.48, threshold_type="fixed", min_word_threshold=0
-                # )
+                content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
+                     threshold=0.48, threshold_type="fixed", min_word_threshold=0
+                )
             ),
         )
         result : CrawlResult = await crawler.arun(
-            # url="https://www.helloworld.org", config=crawler_config
-            url="https://www.kidocode.com", config=crawler_config
+            url="https://www.helloworld.org", config=crawler_config
         )
         print(result.markdown.raw_markdown[:500])
-        # print(result.model_dump())
-
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     asyncio.run(main())

docs/examples/quickstart_async.py

@@ -1,675 +0,0 @@
-import os, sys
-
-from crawl4ai import LLMConfig
-
-# append parent directory to system path
-sys.path.append(
-    os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
-)
-os.environ["FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"] = "fc-84b370ccfad44beabc686b38f1769692"
-
-import asyncio
-# import nest_asyncio
-# nest_asyncio.apply()
-
-import time
-import json
-import os
-import re
-from typing import Dict, List
-from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
-from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
-from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CacheMode
-from crawl4ai.markdown_generation_strategy import DefaultMarkdownGenerator
-from crawl4ai.content_filter_strategy import PruningContentFilter
-from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import (
-    JsonCssExtractionStrategy,
-    LLMExtractionStrategy,
-)
-
-__location__ = os.path.realpath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.path.dirname(__file__)))
-
-print("Crawl4AI: Advanced Web Crawling and Data Extraction")
-print("GitHub Repository: https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai")
-print("Twitter: @unclecode")
-print("Website: https://crawl4ai.com")
-
-
-async def simple_crawl():
-    print("\n--- Basic Usage ---")
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])  # Print first 500 characters
-
-
-async def simple_example_with_running_js_code():
-    print("\n--- Executing JavaScript and Using CSS Selectors ---")
-    # New code to handle the wait_for parameter
-    wait_for = """() => {
-        return Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('article.tease-card')).length > 10;
-    }"""
-
-    # wait_for can be also just a css selector
-    # wait_for = "article.tease-card:nth-child(10)"
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        js_code = [
-            "const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More')); loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();"
-        ]
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-            js_code=js_code,
-            # wait_for=wait_for,
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])  # Print first 500 characters
-
-
-async def simple_example_with_css_selector():
-    print("\n--- Using CSS Selectors ---")
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-            css_selector=".wide-tease-item__description",
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])  # Print first 500 characters
-
-
-async def use_proxy():
-    print("\n--- Using a Proxy ---")
-    print(
-        "Note: Replace 'http://your-proxy-url:port' with a working proxy to run this example."
-    )
-    # Uncomment and modify the following lines to use a proxy
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(
-        verbose=True, proxy="http://your-proxy-url:port"
-    ) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-        if result.success:
-            print(result.markdown[:500])  # Print first 500 characters
-
-
-async def capture_and_save_screenshot(url: str, output_path: str):
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url=url, screenshot=True, cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-
-        if result.success and result.screenshot:
-            import base64
-
-            # Decode the base64 screenshot data
-            screenshot_data = base64.b64decode(result.screenshot)
-
-            # Save the screenshot as a JPEG file
-            with open(output_path, "wb") as f:
-                f.write(screenshot_data)
-
-            print(f"Screenshot saved successfully to {output_path}")
-        else:
-            print("Failed to capture screenshot")
-
-
-class OpenAIModelFee(BaseModel):
-    model_name: str = Field(..., description="Name of the OpenAI model.")
-    input_fee: str = Field(..., description="Fee for input token for the OpenAI model.")
-    output_fee: str = Field(
-        ..., description="Fee for output token for the OpenAI model."
-    )
-
-
-async def extract_structured_data_using_llm(
-    provider: str, api_token: str = None, extra_headers: Dict[str, str] = None
-):
-    print(f"\n--- Extracting Structured Data with {provider} ---")
-
-    if api_token is None and provider != "ollama":
-        print(f"API token is required for {provider}. Skipping this example.")
-        return
-
-    # extra_args = {}
-    extra_args = {
-        "temperature": 0,
-        "top_p": 0.9,
-        "max_tokens": 2000,
-        # any other supported parameters for litellm
-    }
-    if extra_headers:
-        extra_args["extra_headers"] = extra_headers
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://openai.com/api/pricing/",
-            word_count_threshold=1,
-            extraction_strategy=LLMExtractionStrategy(
-                llm_config=LLMConfig(provider=provider,api_token=api_token),
-                schema=OpenAIModelFee.model_json_schema(),
-                extraction_type="schema",
-                instruction="""From the crawled content, extract all mentioned model names along with their fees for input and output tokens. 
-                Do not miss any models in the entire content. One extracted model JSON format should look like this: 
-                {"model_name": "GPT-4", "input_fee": "US$10.00 / 1M tokens", "output_fee": "US$30.00 / 1M tokens"}.""",
-                extra_args=extra_args,
-            ),
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        )
-        print(result.extracted_content)
-
-
-async def extract_structured_data_using_css_extractor():
-    print("\n--- Using JsonCssExtractionStrategy for Fast Structured Output ---")
-    schema = {
-        "name": "KidoCode Courses",
-        "baseSelector": "section.charge-methodology .w-tab-content > div",
-        "fields": [
-            {
-                "name": "section_title",
-                "selector": "h3.heading-50",
-                "type": "text",
-            },
-            {
-                "name": "section_description",
-                "selector": ".charge-content",
-                "type": "text",
-            },
-            {
-                "name": "course_name",
-                "selector": ".text-block-93",
-                "type": "text",
-            },
-            {
-                "name": "course_description",
-                "selector": ".course-content-text",
-                "type": "text",
-            },
-            {
-                "name": "course_icon",
-                "selector": ".image-92",
-                "type": "attribute",
-                "attribute": "src",
-            },
-        ],
-    }
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(headless=True, verbose=True) as crawler:
-        # Create the JavaScript that handles clicking multiple times
-        js_click_tabs = """
-        (async () => {
-            const tabs = document.querySelectorAll("section.charge-methodology .tabs-menu-3 > div");
-            
-            for(let tab of tabs) {
-                // scroll to the tab
-                tab.scrollIntoView();
-                tab.click();
-                // Wait for content to load and animations to complete
-                await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 500));
-            }
-        })();
-        """
-
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.kidocode.com/degrees/technology",
-            extraction_strategy=JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema, verbose=True),
-            js_code=[js_click_tabs],
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-        )
-
-        companies = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
-        print(f"Successfully extracted {len(companies)} companies")
-        print(json.dumps(companies[0], indent=2))
-
-
-# Advanced Session-Based Crawling with Dynamic Content 🔄
-async def crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_1():
-    print("\n--- Advanced Multi-Page Crawling with JavaScript Execution ---")
-    first_commit = ""
-
-    async def on_execution_started(page):
-        nonlocal first_commit
-        try:
-            while True:
-                await page.wait_for_selector("li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4")
-                commit = await page.query_selector("li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4")
-                commit = await commit.evaluate("(element) => element.textContent")
-                commit = re.sub(r"\s+", "", commit)
-                if commit and commit != first_commit:
-                    first_commit = commit
-                    break
-                await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Warning: New content didn't appear after JavaScript execution: {e}")
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        crawler.crawler_strategy.set_hook("on_execution_started", on_execution_started)
-
-        url = "https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main"
-        session_id = "typescript_commits_session"
-        all_commits = []
-
-        js_next_page = """
-        (() => {
-            const button = document.querySelector('a[data-testid="pagination-next-button"]');
-            if (button) button.click();
-        })();
-        """
-
-        for page in range(3):  # Crawl 3 pages
-            result = await crawler.arun(
-                url=url,
-                session_id=session_id,
-                css_selector="li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0",
-                js=js_next_page if page > 0 else None,
-                cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-                js_only=page > 0,
-                headless=False,
-            )
-
-            assert result.success, f"Failed to crawl page {page + 1}"
-
-            soup = BeautifulSoup(result.cleaned_html, "html.parser")
-            commits = soup.select("li")
-            all_commits.extend(commits)
-
-            print(f"Page {page + 1}: Found {len(commits)} commits")
-
-        await crawler.crawler_strategy.kill_session(session_id)
-        print(f"Successfully crawled {len(all_commits)} commits across 3 pages")
-
-
-async def crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_2():
-    print("\n--- Advanced Multi-Page Crawling with JavaScript Execution ---")
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        url = "https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main"
-        session_id = "typescript_commits_session"
-        all_commits = []
-        last_commit = ""
-
-        js_next_page_and_wait = """
-        (async () => {
-            const getCurrentCommit = () => {
-                const commits = document.querySelectorAll('li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4');
-                return commits.length > 0 ? commits[0].textContent.trim() : null;
-            };
-
-            const initialCommit = getCurrentCommit();
-            const button = document.querySelector('a[data-testid="pagination-next-button"]');
-            if (button) button.click();
-
-            // Poll for changes
-            while (true) {
-                await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 100)); // Wait 100ms
-                const newCommit = getCurrentCommit();
-                if (newCommit && newCommit !== initialCommit) {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        })();
-        """
-
-        schema = {
-            "name": "Commit Extractor",
-            "baseSelector": "li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0",
-            "fields": [
-                {
-                    "name": "title",
-                    "selector": "h4.markdown-title",
-                    "type": "text",
-                    "transform": "strip",
-                },
-            ],
-        }
-        extraction_strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema, verbose=True)
-
-        for page in range(3):  # Crawl 3 pages
-            result = await crawler.arun(
-                url=url,
-                session_id=session_id,
-                css_selector="li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0",
-                extraction_strategy=extraction_strategy,
-                js_code=js_next_page_and_wait if page > 0 else None,
-                js_only=page > 0,
-                cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-                headless=False,
-            )
-
-            assert result.success, f"Failed to crawl page {page + 1}"
-
-            commits = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
-            all_commits.extend(commits)
-
-            print(f"Page {page + 1}: Found {len(commits)} commits")
-
-        await crawler.crawler_strategy.kill_session(session_id)
-        print(f"Successfully crawled {len(all_commits)} commits across 3 pages")
-
-
-async def crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_3():
-    print(
-        "\n--- Advanced Multi-Page Crawling with JavaScript Execution using `wait_for` ---"
-    )
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:
-        url = "https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main"
-        session_id = "typescript_commits_session"
-        all_commits = []
-
-        js_next_page = """
-        const commits = document.querySelectorAll('li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4');
-        if (commits.length > 0) {
-            window.firstCommit = commits[0].textContent.trim();
-        }
-        const button = document.querySelector('a[data-testid="pagination-next-button"]');
-        if (button) button.click();
-        """
-
-        wait_for = """() => {
-            const commits = document.querySelectorAll('li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4');
-            if (commits.length === 0) return false;
-            const firstCommit = commits[0].textContent.trim();
-            return firstCommit !== window.firstCommit;
-        }"""
-
-        schema = {
-            "name": "Commit Extractor",
-            "baseSelector": "li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0",
-            "fields": [
-                {
-                    "name": "title",
-                    "selector": "h4.markdown-title",
-                    "type": "text",
-                    "transform": "strip",
-                },
-            ],
-        }
-        extraction_strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema, verbose=True)
-
-        for page in range(3):  # Crawl 3 pages
-            result = await crawler.arun(
-                url=url,
-                session_id=session_id,
-                css_selector="li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0",
-                extraction_strategy=extraction_strategy,
-                js_code=js_next_page if page > 0 else None,
-                wait_for=wait_for if page > 0 else None,
-                js_only=page > 0,
-                cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-                headless=False,
-            )
-
-            assert result.success, f"Failed to crawl page {page + 1}"
-
-            commits = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
-            all_commits.extend(commits)
-
-            print(f"Page {page + 1}: Found {len(commits)} commits")
-
-        await crawler.crawler_strategy.kill_session(session_id)
-        print(f"Successfully crawled {len(all_commits)} commits across 3 pages")
-
-
-async def crawl_custom_browser_type():
-    # Use Firefox
-    start = time.time()
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(
-        browser_type="firefox", verbose=True, headless=True
-    ) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.example.com", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])
-        print("Time taken: ", time.time() - start)
-
-    # Use WebKit
-    start = time.time()
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(
-        browser_type="webkit", verbose=True, headless=True
-    ) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.example.com", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])
-        print("Time taken: ", time.time() - start)
-
-    # Use Chromium (default)
-    start = time.time()
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True, headless=True) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.example.com", cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS
-        )
-        print(result.markdown[:500])
-        print("Time taken: ", time.time() - start)
-
-
-async def crawl_with_user_simultion():
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True, headless=True) as crawler:
-        url = "YOUR-URL-HERE"
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url=url,
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            magic=True,  # Automatically detects and removes overlays, popups, and other elements that block content
-            # simulate_user = True,# Causes a series of random mouse movements and clicks to simulate user interaction
-            # override_navigator = True # Overrides the navigator object to make it look like a real user
-        )
-
-        print(result.markdown)
-
-
-async def speed_comparison():
-    # print("\n--- Speed Comparison ---")
-    # print("Firecrawl (simulated):")
-    # print("Time taken: 7.02 seconds")
-    # print("Content length: 42074 characters")
-    # print("Images found: 49")
-    # print()
-    # Simulated Firecrawl performance
-    from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp
-
-    app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ["FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"])
-    start = time.time()
-    scrape_status = app.scrape_url(
-        "https://www.nbcnews.com/business", params={"formats": ["markdown", "html"]}
-    )
-    end = time.time()
-    print("Firecrawl:")
-    print(f"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds")
-    print(f"Content length: {len(scrape_status['markdown'])} characters")
-    print(f"Images found: {scrape_status['markdown'].count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}")
-    print()
-
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
-        # Crawl4AI simple crawl
-        start = time.time()
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-            word_count_threshold=0,
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            verbose=False,
-        )
-        end = time.time()
-        print("Crawl4AI (simple crawl):")
-        print(f"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds")
-        print(f"Content length: {len(result.markdown)} characters")
-        print(f"Images found: {result.markdown.count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}")
-        print()
-
-        # Crawl4AI with advanced content filtering
-        start = time.time()
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-            word_count_threshold=0,
-            markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
-                content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
-                    threshold=0.48, threshold_type="fixed", min_word_threshold=0
-                )
-                # content_filter=BM25ContentFilter(user_query=None, bm25_threshold=1.0)
-            ),
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            verbose=False,
-        )
-        end = time.time()
-        print("Crawl4AI (Markdown Plus):")
-        print(f"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds")
-        print(f"Content length: {len(result.markdown.raw_markdown)} characters")
-        print(f"Fit Markdown: {len(result.markdown.fit_markdown)} characters")
-        print(f"Images found: {result.markdown.raw_markdown.count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}")
-        print()
-
-        # Crawl4AI with JavaScript execution
-        start = time.time()
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-            js_code=[
-                "const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More')); loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();"
-            ],
-            word_count_threshold=0,
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
-                content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
-                    threshold=0.48, threshold_type="fixed", min_word_threshold=0
-                )
-                # content_filter=BM25ContentFilter(user_query=None, bm25_threshold=1.0)
-            ),
-            verbose=False,
-        )
-        end = time.time()
-        print("Crawl4AI (with JavaScript execution):")
-        print(f"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds")
-        print(f"Content length: {len(result.markdown.raw_markdown)} characters")
-        print(f"Fit Markdown: {len(result.markdown.fit_markdown)} characters")
-        print(f"Images found: {result.markdown.raw_markdown.count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}")
-
-    print("\nNote on Speed Comparison:")
-    print("The speed test conducted here may not reflect optimal conditions.")
-    print("When we call Firecrawl's API, we're seeing its best performance,")
-    print("while Crawl4AI's performance is limited by the local network speed.")
-    print("For a more accurate comparison, it's recommended to run these tests")
-    print("on servers with a stable and fast internet connection.")
-    print("Despite these limitations, Crawl4AI still demonstrates faster performance.")
-    print("If you run these tests in an environment with better network conditions,")
-    print("you may observe an even more significant speed advantage for Crawl4AI.")
-
-
-async def generate_knowledge_graph():
-    class Entity(BaseModel):
-        name: str
-        description: str
-
-    class Relationship(BaseModel):
-        entity1: Entity
-        entity2: Entity
-        description: str
-        relation_type: str
-
-    class KnowledgeGraph(BaseModel):
-        entities: List[Entity]
-        relationships: List[Relationship]
-
-    extraction_strategy = LLMExtractionStrategy(
-        llm_config=LLMConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o-mini",  api_token=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")),  # In case of Ollama just pass "no-token"
-        schema=KnowledgeGraph.model_json_schema(),
-        extraction_type="schema",
-        instruction="""Extract entities and relationships from the given text.""",
-    )
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
-        url = "https://paulgraham.com/love.html"
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url=url,
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            extraction_strategy=extraction_strategy,
-            # magic=True
-        )
-        # print(result.extracted_content)
-        with open(os.path.join(__location__, "kb.json"), "w") as f:
-            f.write(result.extracted_content)
-
-
-async def fit_markdown_remove_overlay():
-    async with AsyncWebCrawler(
-        headless=True,  # Set to False to see what is happening
-        verbose=True,
-        user_agent_mode="random",
-        user_agent_generator_config={"device_type": "mobile", "os_type": "android"},
-    ) as crawler:
-        result = await crawler.arun(
-            url="https://www.kidocode.com/degrees/technology",
-            cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
-            markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
-                content_filter=PruningContentFilter(
-                    threshold=0.48, threshold_type="fixed", min_word_threshold=0
-                ),
-                options={"ignore_links": True},
-            ),
-            # markdown_generator=DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
-            #     content_filter=BM25ContentFilter(user_query="", bm25_threshold=1.0),
-            #     options={
-            #         "ignore_links": True
-            #     }
-            # ),
-        )
-
-        if result.success:
-            print(len(result.markdown.raw_markdown))
-            print(len(result.markdown.markdown_with_citations))
-            print(len(result.markdown.fit_markdown))
-
-            # Save clean html
-            with open(os.path.join(__location__, "output/cleaned_html.html"), "w") as f:
-                f.write(result.cleaned_html)
-
-            with open(
-                os.path.join(__location__, "output/output_raw_markdown.md"), "w"
-            ) as f:
-                f.write(result.markdown.raw_markdown)
-
-            with open(
-                os.path.join(__location__, "output/output_markdown_with_citations.md"),
-                "w",
-            ) as f:
-                f.write(result.markdown.markdown_with_citations)
-
-            with open(
-                os.path.join(__location__, "output/output_fit_markdown.md"), "w"
-            ) as f:
-                f.write(result.markdown.fit_markdown)
-
-    print("Done")
-
-
-async def main():
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_llm("openai/gpt-4o", os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"))
-
-    # await simple_crawl()
-    # await simple_example_with_running_js_code()
-    # await simple_example_with_css_selector()
-    # # await use_proxy()
-    # await capture_and_save_screenshot("https://www.example.com", os.path.join(__location__, "tmp/example_screenshot.jpg"))
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_css_extractor()
-
-    # LLM extraction examples
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_llm()
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_llm("huggingface/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct", os.getenv("HUGGINGFACE_API_KEY"))
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_llm("ollama/llama3.2")
-
-    # You always can pass custom headers to the extraction strategy
-    # custom_headers = {
-    #     "Authorization": "Bearer your-custom-token",
-    #     "X-Custom-Header": "Some-Value"
-    # }
-    # await extract_structured_data_using_llm(extra_headers=custom_headers)
-
-    # await crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_1()
-    # await crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_2()
-    await crawl_dynamic_content_pages_method_3()
-
-    # await crawl_custom_browser_type()
-
-    # await speed_comparison()
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    asyncio.run(main())

docs/examples/quickstart_sync.py

@@ -1,405 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import time
-from crawl4ai import LLMConfig
-from crawl4ai.web_crawler import WebCrawler
-from crawl4ai.chunking_strategy import *
-from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import *
-from crawl4ai.crawler_strategy import *
-from rich import print
-from rich.console import Console
-from functools import lru_cache
-
-console = Console()
-
-
-@lru_cache()
-def create_crawler():
-    crawler = WebCrawler(verbose=True)
-    crawler.warmup()
-    return crawler
-
-
-def print_result(result):
-    # Print each key in one line and just the first 10 characters of each one's value and three dots
-    console.print("\t[bold]Result:[/bold]")
-    for key, value in result.model_dump().items():
-        if isinstance(value, str) and value:
-            console.print(f"\t{key}: [green]{value[:20]}...[/green]")
-    if result.extracted_content:
-        items = json.loads(result.extracted_content)
-        print(f"\t[bold]{len(items)} blocks is extracted![/bold]")
-
-
-def cprint(message, press_any_key=False):
-    console.print(message)
-    if press_any_key:
-        console.print("Press any key to continue...", style="")
-        input()
-
-
-def basic_usage(crawler):
-    cprint(
-        "🛠️ [bold cyan]Basic Usage: Simply provide a URL and let Crawl4ai do the magic![/bold cyan]"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", only_text=True)
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Basic crawl result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def basic_usage_some_params(crawler):
-    cprint(
-        "🛠️ [bold cyan]Basic Usage: Simply provide a URL and let Crawl4ai do the magic![/bold cyan]"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", word_count_threshold=1, only_text=True
-    )
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Basic crawl result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def screenshot_usage(crawler):
-    cprint("\n📸 [bold cyan]Let's take a screenshot of the page![/bold cyan]")
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", screenshot=True)
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Screenshot result:[/bold yellow]")
-    # Save the screenshot to a file
-    with open("screenshot.png", "wb") as f:
-        f.write(base64.b64decode(result.screenshot))
-    cprint("Screenshot saved to 'screenshot.png'!")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def understanding_parameters(crawler):
-    cprint(
-        "\n🧠 [bold cyan]Understanding 'bypass_cache' and 'include_raw_html' parameters:[/bold cyan]"
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "By default, Crawl4ai caches the results of your crawls. This means that subsequent crawls of the same URL will be much faster! Let's see this in action."
-    )
-
-    # First crawl (reads from cache)
-    cprint("1️⃣ First crawl (caches the result):", True)
-    start_time = time.time()
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business")
-    end_time = time.time()
-    cprint(
-        f"[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]First crawl took {end_time - start_time} seconds and result (from cache):[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-    # Force to crawl again
-    cprint("2️⃣ Second crawl (Force to crawl again):", True)
-    start_time = time.time()
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", bypass_cache=True)
-    end_time = time.time()
-    cprint(
-        f"[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Second crawl took {end_time - start_time} seconds and result (forced to crawl):[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def add_chunking_strategy(crawler):
-    # Adding a chunking strategy: RegexChunking
-    cprint(
-        "\n🧩 [bold cyan]Let's add a chunking strategy: RegexChunking![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "RegexChunking is a simple chunking strategy that splits the text based on a given regex pattern. Let's see it in action!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        chunking_strategy=RegexChunking(patterns=["\n\n"]),
-    )
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]RegexChunking result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-    # Adding another chunking strategy: NlpSentenceChunking
-    cprint(
-        "\n🔍 [bold cyan]Time to explore another chunking strategy: NlpSentenceChunking![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "NlpSentenceChunking uses NLP techniques to split the text into sentences. Let's see how it performs!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", chunking_strategy=NlpSentenceChunking()
-    )
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]NlpSentenceChunking result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def add_extraction_strategy(crawler):
-    # Adding an extraction strategy: CosineStrategy
-    cprint(
-        "\n🧠 [bold cyan]Let's get smarter with an extraction strategy: CosineStrategy![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "CosineStrategy uses cosine similarity to extract semantically similar blocks of text. Let's see it in action!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        extraction_strategy=CosineStrategy(
-            word_count_threshold=10,
-            max_dist=0.2,
-            linkage_method="ward",
-            top_k=3,
-            sim_threshold=0.3,
-            verbose=True,
-        ),
-    )
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]CosineStrategy result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-    # Using semantic_filter with CosineStrategy
-    cprint(
-        "You can pass other parameters like 'semantic_filter' to the CosineStrategy to extract semantically similar blocks of text. Let's see it in action!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        extraction_strategy=CosineStrategy(
-            semantic_filter="inflation rent prices",
-        ),
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]CosineStrategy result with semantic filter:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def add_llm_extraction_strategy(crawler):
-    # Adding an LLM extraction strategy without instructions
-    cprint(
-        "\n🤖 [bold cyan]Time to bring in the big guns: LLMExtractionStrategy without instructions![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "LLMExtractionStrategy uses a large language model to extract relevant information from the web page. Let's see it in action!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        extraction_strategy=LLMExtractionStrategy(
-            llm_config =  LLMConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o", api_token=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"))
-        ),
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]LLMExtractionStrategy (no instructions) result:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-    # Adding an LLM extraction strategy with instructions
-    cprint(
-        "\n📜 [bold cyan]Let's make it even more interesting: LLMExtractionStrategy with instructions![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "Let's say we are only interested in financial news. Let's see how LLMExtractionStrategy performs with instructions!"
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        extraction_strategy=LLMExtractionStrategy(
-            llm_config=LLMConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o",api_token=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")),
-            instruction="I am interested in only financial news",
-        ),
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]LLMExtractionStrategy (with instructions) result:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-    result = crawler.run(
-        url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business",
-        extraction_strategy=LLMExtractionStrategy(
-            llm_config=LLMConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o",api_token=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")),
-            instruction="Extract only content related to technology",
-        ),
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]LLMExtractionStrategy (with technology instruction) result:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def targeted_extraction(crawler):
-    # Using a CSS selector to extract only H2 tags
-    cprint(
-        "\n🎯 [bold cyan]Targeted extraction: Let's use a CSS selector to extract only H2 tags![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", css_selector="h2")
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]CSS Selector (H2 tags) result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def interactive_extraction(crawler):
-    # Passing JavaScript code to interact with the page
-    cprint(
-        "\n🖱️ [bold cyan]Let's get interactive: Passing JavaScript code to click 'Load More' button![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "In this example we try to click the 'Load More' button on the page using JavaScript code."
-    )
-    js_code = """
-    const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More'));
-    loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();
-    """
-    # crawler_strategy = LocalSeleniumCrawlerStrategy(js_code=js_code)
-    # crawler = WebCrawler(crawler_strategy=crawler_strategy, always_by_pass_cache=True)
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", js=js_code)
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]JavaScript Code (Load More button) result:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def multiple_scrip(crawler):
-    # Passing JavaScript code to interact with the page
-    cprint(
-        "\n🖱️ [bold cyan]Let's get interactive: Passing JavaScript code to click 'Load More' button![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "In this example we try to click the 'Load More' button on the page using JavaScript code."
-    )
-    js_code = [
-        """
-    const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More'));
-    loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();
-    """
-    ] * 2
-    # crawler_strategy = LocalSeleniumCrawlerStrategy(js_code=js_code)
-    # crawler = WebCrawler(crawler_strategy=crawler_strategy, always_by_pass_cache=True)
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://www.nbcnews.com/business", js=js_code)
-    cprint(
-        "[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]JavaScript Code (Load More button) result:[/bold yellow]"
-    )
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def using_crawler_hooks(crawler):
-    # Example usage of the hooks for authentication and setting a cookie
-    def on_driver_created(driver):
-        print("[HOOK] on_driver_created")
-        # Example customization: maximize the window
-        driver.maximize_window()
-
-        # Example customization: logging in to a hypothetical website
-        driver.get("https://example.com/login")
-
-        from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
-        from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
-        from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
-
-        WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
-            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, "username"))
-        )
-        driver.find_element(By.NAME, "username").send_keys("testuser")
-        driver.find_element(By.NAME, "password").send_keys("password123")
-        driver.find_element(By.NAME, "login").click()
-        WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
-            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "welcome"))
-        )
-        # Add a custom cookie
-        driver.add_cookie({"name": "test_cookie", "value": "cookie_value"})
-        return driver
-
-    def before_get_url(driver):
-        print("[HOOK] before_get_url")
-        # Example customization: add a custom header
-        # Enable Network domain for sending headers
-        driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Network.enable", {})
-        # Add a custom header
-        driver.execute_cdp_cmd(
-            "Network.setExtraHTTPHeaders", {"headers": {"X-Test-Header": "test"}}
-        )
-        return driver
-
-    def after_get_url(driver):
-        print("[HOOK] after_get_url")
-        # Example customization: log the URL
-        print(driver.current_url)
-        return driver
-
-    def before_return_html(driver, html):
-        print("[HOOK] before_return_html")
-        # Example customization: log the HTML
-        print(len(html))
-        return driver
-
-    cprint(
-        "\n🔗 [bold cyan]Using Crawler Hooks: Let's see how we can customize the crawler using hooks![/bold cyan]",
-        True,
-    )
-
-    crawler_strategy = LocalSeleniumCrawlerStrategy(verbose=True)
-    crawler_strategy.set_hook("on_driver_created", on_driver_created)
-    crawler_strategy.set_hook("before_get_url", before_get_url)
-    crawler_strategy.set_hook("after_get_url", after_get_url)
-    crawler_strategy.set_hook("before_return_html", before_return_html)
-
-    crawler = WebCrawler(verbose=True, crawler_strategy=crawler_strategy)
-    crawler.warmup()
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://example.com")
-
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Crawler Hooks result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result=result)
-
-
-def using_crawler_hooks_dleay_example(crawler):
-    def delay(driver):
-        print("Delaying for 5 seconds...")
-        time.sleep(5)
-        print("Resuming...")
-
-    def create_crawler():
-        crawler_strategy = LocalSeleniumCrawlerStrategy(verbose=True)
-        crawler_strategy.set_hook("after_get_url", delay)
-        crawler = WebCrawler(verbose=True, crawler_strategy=crawler_strategy)
-        crawler.warmup()
-        return crawler
-
-    cprint(
-        "\n🔗 [bold cyan]Using Crawler Hooks: Let's add a delay after fetching the url to make sure entire page is fetched.[/bold cyan]"
-    )
-    crawler = create_crawler()
-    result = crawler.run(url="https://google.com", bypass_cache=True)
-
-    cprint("[LOG] 📦 [bold yellow]Crawler Hooks result:[/bold yellow]")
-    print_result(result)
-
-
-def main():
-    cprint(
-        "🌟 [bold green]Welcome to the Crawl4ai Quickstart Guide! Let's dive into some web crawling fun! 🌐[/bold green]"
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "⛳️ [bold cyan]First Step: Create an instance of WebCrawler and call the `warmup()` function.[/bold cyan]"
-    )
-    cprint(
-        "If this is the first time you're running Crawl4ai, this might take a few seconds to load required model files."
-    )
-
-    crawler = create_crawler()
-
-    crawler.always_by_pass_cache = True
-    basic_usage(crawler)
-    # basic_usage_some_params(crawler)
-    understanding_parameters(crawler)
-
-    crawler.always_by_pass_cache = True
-    screenshot_usage(crawler)
-    add_chunking_strategy(crawler)
-    add_extraction_strategy(crawler)
-    add_llm_extraction_strategy(crawler)
-    targeted_extraction(crawler)
-    interactive_extraction(crawler)
-    multiple_scrip(crawler)
-
-    cprint(
-        "\n🎉 [bold green]Congratulations! You've made it through the Crawl4ai Quickstart Guide! Now go forth and crawl the web like a pro! 🕸️[/bold green]"
-    )
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

docs/examples/quickstart_v0.ipynb

@@ -1,735 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "cells": [
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "6yLvrXn7yZQI"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "# Crawl4AI: Advanced Web Crawling and Data Extraction\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Welcome to this interactive notebook showcasing Crawl4AI, an advanced asynchronous web crawling and data extraction library.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "- GitHub Repository: [https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai)\n",
-        "- Twitter: [@unclecode](https://twitter.com/unclecode)\n",
-        "- Website: [https://crawl4ai.com](https://crawl4ai.com)\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Let's explore the powerful features of Crawl4AI!"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "KIn_9nxFyZQK"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Installation\n",
-        "\n",
-        "First, let's install Crawl4AI from GitHub:"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "mSnaxLf3zMog"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "!sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libwoff1 libopus0 libwebp6 libwebpdemux2 libenchant1c2a libgudev-1.0-0 libsecret-1-0 libhyphen0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libegl1 libnotify4 libxslt1.1 libevent-2.1-7 libgles2 libvpx6 libxcomposite1 libatk1.0-0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libepoxy0 libgtk-3-0 libharfbuzz-icu0"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "xlXqaRtayZQK"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "!pip install crawl4ai\n",
-        "!pip install nest-asyncio\n",
-        "!playwright install"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "qKCE7TI7yZQL"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "Now, let's import the necessary libraries:"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 1,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "I67tr7aAyZQL"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "import asyncio\n",
-        "import nest_asyncio\n",
-        "from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-        "from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import JsonCssExtractionStrategy, LLMExtractionStrategy\n",
-        "import json\n",
-        "import time\n",
-        "from pydantic import BaseModel, Field\n",
-        "\n",
-        "nest_asyncio.apply()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "h7yR_Rt_yZQM"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Basic Usage\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Let's start with a simple crawl example:"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 2,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "yBh6hf4WyZQM",
-        "outputId": "0f83af5c-abba-4175-ed95-70b7512e6bcc"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "[LOG] 🌤️  Warming up the AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🌞 AsyncWebCrawler is ready to crawl\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, success: True, time taken: 0.05 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, time taken: 0.05 seconds.\n",
-            "18102\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "async def simple_crawl():\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\")\n",
-        "        print(len(result.markdown))\n",
-        "await simple_crawl()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "9rtkgHI28uI4"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "💡 By default, **Crawl4AI** caches the result of every URL, so the next time you call it, you’ll get an instant result. But if you want to bypass the cache, just set `bypass_cache=True`."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "MzZ0zlJ9yZQM"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Advanced Features\n",
-        "\n",
-        "### Executing JavaScript and Using CSS Selectors"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 3,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "gHStF86xyZQM",
-        "outputId": "34d0fb6d-4dec-4677-f76e-85a1f082829b"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "[LOG] 🌤️  Warming up the AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🌞 AsyncWebCrawler is ready to crawl\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://www.nbcnews.com/business using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://www.nbcnews.com/business successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, success: True, time taken: 6.06 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, success: True, time taken: 0.10 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, time taken: 0.11 seconds.\n",
-            "41135\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "async def js_and_css():\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:\n",
-        "        js_code = [\"const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More')); loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();\"]\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\",\n",
-        "            js_code=js_code,\n",
-        "            # css_selector=\"YOUR_CSS_SELECTOR_HERE\",\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "        print(len(result.markdown))\n",
-        "\n",
-        "await js_and_css()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "cqE_W4coyZQM"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "### Using a Proxy\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Note: You'll need to replace the proxy URL with a working proxy for this example to run successfully."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "QjAyiAGqyZQM"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "async def use_proxy():\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True, proxy=\"http://your-proxy-url:port\") as crawler:\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\",\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "        print(result.markdown[:500])  # Print first 500 characters\n",
-        "\n",
-        "# Uncomment the following line to run the proxy example\n",
-        "# await use_proxy()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "XTZ88lbayZQN"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "### Extracting Structured Data with OpenAI\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Note: You'll need to set your OpenAI API key as an environment variable for this example to work."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 14,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "fIOlDayYyZQN",
-        "outputId": "cb8359cc-dee0-4762-9698-5dfdcee055b8"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "[LOG] 🌤️  Warming up the AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🌞 AsyncWebCrawler is ready to crawl\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://openai.com/api/pricing/ using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://openai.com/api/pricing/ successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://openai.com/api/pricing/, success: True, time taken: 3.77 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://openai.com/api/pricing/, success: True, time taken: 0.21 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://openai.com/api/pricing/, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] Call LLM for https://openai.com/api/pricing/ - block index: 0\n",
-            "[LOG] Call LLM for https://openai.com/api/pricing/ - block index: 1\n",
-            "[LOG] Call LLM for https://openai.com/api/pricing/ - block index: 2\n",
-            "[LOG] Call LLM for https://openai.com/api/pricing/ - block index: 3\n",
-            "[LOG] Extracted 4 blocks from URL: https://openai.com/api/pricing/ block index: 3\n",
-            "[LOG] Call LLM for https://openai.com/api/pricing/ - block index: 4\n",
-            "[LOG] Extracted 5 blocks from URL: https://openai.com/api/pricing/ block index: 0\n",
-            "[LOG] Extracted 1 blocks from URL: https://openai.com/api/pricing/ block index: 4\n",
-            "[LOG] Extracted 8 blocks from URL: https://openai.com/api/pricing/ block index: 1\n",
-            "[LOG] Extracted 12 blocks from URL: https://openai.com/api/pricing/ block index: 2\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://openai.com/api/pricing/, time taken: 8.55 seconds.\n",
-            "5029\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "import os\n",
-        "from google.colab import userdata\n",
-        "os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = userdata.get('OPENAI_API_KEY')\n",
-        "\n",
-        "class OpenAIModelFee(BaseModel):\n",
-        "    model_name: str = Field(..., description=\"Name of the OpenAI model.\")\n",
-        "    input_fee: str = Field(..., description=\"Fee for input token for the OpenAI model.\")\n",
-        "    output_fee: str = Field(..., description=\"Fee for output token for the OpenAI model.\")\n",
-        "\n",
-        "async def extract_openai_fees():\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url='https://openai.com/api/pricing/',\n",
-        "            word_count_threshold=1,\n",
-        "            extraction_strategy=LLMExtractionStrategy(\n",
-        "                provider=\"openai/gpt-4o\", api_token=os.getenv('OPENAI_API_KEY'),\n",
-        "                schema=OpenAIModelFee.schema(),\n",
-        "                extraction_type=\"schema\",\n",
-        "                instruction=\"\"\"From the crawled content, extract all mentioned model names along with their fees for input and output tokens.\n",
-        "                Do not miss any models in the entire content. One extracted model JSON format should look like this:\n",
-        "                {\"model_name\": \"GPT-4\", \"input_fee\": \"US$10.00 / 1M tokens\", \"output_fee\": \"US$30.00 / 1M tokens\"}.\"\"\"\n",
-        "            ),\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True,\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "        print(len(result.extracted_content))\n",
-        "\n",
-        "# Uncomment the following line to run the OpenAI extraction example\n",
-        "await extract_openai_fees()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "BypA5YxEyZQN"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "### Advanced Multi-Page Crawling with JavaScript Execution"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "tfkcVQ0b7mw-"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Advanced Multi-Page Crawling with JavaScript Execution\n",
-        "\n",
-        "This example demonstrates Crawl4AI's ability to handle complex crawling scenarios, specifically extracting commits from multiple pages of a GitHub repository. The challenge here is that clicking the \"Next\" button doesn't load a new page, but instead uses asynchronous JavaScript to update the content. This is a common hurdle in modern web crawling.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "To overcome this, we use Crawl4AI's custom JavaScript execution to simulate clicking the \"Next\" button, and implement a custom hook to detect when new data has loaded. Our strategy involves comparing the first commit's text before and after \"clicking\" Next, waiting until it changes to confirm new data has rendered. This showcases Crawl4AI's flexibility in handling dynamic content and its ability to implement custom logic for even the most challenging crawling tasks."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 11,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "qUBKGpn3yZQN",
-        "outputId": "3e555b6a-ed33-42f4-cce9-499a923fbe17"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "[LOG] 🌤️  Warming up the AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🌞 AsyncWebCrawler is ready to crawl\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 5.16 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 0.28 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, time taken: 0.28 seconds.\n",
-            "Page 1: Found 35 commits\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 0.78 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 0.90 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, time taken: 0.90 seconds.\n",
-            "Page 2: Found 35 commits\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 2.00 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, success: True, time taken: 0.74 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main, time taken: 0.75 seconds.\n",
-            "Page 3: Found 35 commits\n",
-            "Successfully crawled 105 commits across 3 pages\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "import re\n",
-        "from bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n",
-        "\n",
-        "async def crawl_typescript_commits():\n",
-        "    first_commit = \"\"\n",
-        "    async def on_execution_started(page):\n",
-        "        nonlocal first_commit\n",
-        "        try:\n",
-        "            while True:\n",
-        "                await page.wait_for_selector('li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4')\n",
-        "                commit = await page.query_selector('li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 h4')\n",
-        "                commit = await commit.evaluate('(element) => element.textContent')\n",
-        "                commit = re.sub(r'\\s+', '', commit)\n",
-        "                if commit and commit != first_commit:\n",
-        "                    first_commit = commit\n",
-        "                    break\n",
-        "                await asyncio.sleep(0.5)\n",
-        "        except Exception as e:\n",
-        "            print(f\"Warning: New content didn't appear after JavaScript execution: {e}\")\n",
-        "\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:\n",
-        "        crawler.crawler_strategy.set_hook('on_execution_started', on_execution_started)\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        url = \"https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/commits/main\"\n",
-        "        session_id = \"typescript_commits_session\"\n",
-        "        all_commits = []\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        js_next_page = \"\"\"\n",
-        "        const button = document.querySelector('a[data-testid=\"pagination-next-button\"]');\n",
-        "        if (button) button.click();\n",
-        "        \"\"\"\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        for page in range(3):  # Crawl 3 pages\n",
-        "            result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "                url=url,\n",
-        "                session_id=session_id,\n",
-        "                css_selector=\"li.Box-sc-g0xbh4-0\",\n",
-        "                js=js_next_page if page > 0 else None,\n",
-        "                bypass_cache=True,\n",
-        "                js_only=page > 0\n",
-        "            )\n",
-        "\n",
-        "            assert result.success, f\"Failed to crawl page {page + 1}\"\n",
-        "\n",
-        "            soup = BeautifulSoup(result.cleaned_html, 'html.parser')\n",
-        "            commits = soup.select(\"li\")\n",
-        "            all_commits.extend(commits)\n",
-        "\n",
-        "            print(f\"Page {page + 1}: Found {len(commits)} commits\")\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        await crawler.crawler_strategy.kill_session(session_id)\n",
-        "        print(f\"Successfully crawled {len(all_commits)} commits across 3 pages\")\n",
-        "\n",
-        "await crawl_typescript_commits()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "EJRnYsp6yZQN"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "### Using JsonCssExtractionStrategy for Fast Structured Output"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "1ZMqIzB_8SYp"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "The JsonCssExtractionStrategy is a powerful feature of Crawl4AI that allows for precise, structured data extraction from web pages. Here's how it works:\n",
-        "\n",
-        "1. You define a schema that describes the pattern of data you're interested in extracting.\n",
-        "2. The schema includes a base selector that identifies repeating elements on the page.\n",
-        "3. Within the schema, you define fields, each with its own selector and type.\n",
-        "4. These field selectors are applied within the context of each base selector element.\n",
-        "5. The strategy supports nested structures, lists within lists, and various data types.\n",
-        "6. You can even include computed fields for more complex data manipulation.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "This approach allows for highly flexible and precise data extraction, transforming semi-structured web content into clean, structured JSON data. It's particularly useful for extracting consistent data patterns from pages like product listings, news articles, or search results.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "For more details and advanced usage, check out the full documentation on the Crawl4AI website."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 12,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "trCMR2T9yZQN",
-        "outputId": "718d36f4-cccf-40f4-8d8c-c3ba73524d16"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "[LOG] 🌤️  Warming up the AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🌞 AsyncWebCrawler is ready to crawl\n",
-            "[LOG] 🕸️ Crawling https://www.nbcnews.com/business using AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy...\n",
-            "[LOG] ✅ Crawled https://www.nbcnews.com/business successfully!\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Crawling done for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, success: True, time taken: 7.00 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Content extracted for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, success: True, time taken: 0.32 seconds\n",
-            "[LOG] 🔥 Extracting semantic blocks for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, Strategy: AsyncWebCrawler\n",
-            "[LOG] 🚀 Extraction done for https://www.nbcnews.com/business, time taken: 0.48 seconds.\n",
-            "Successfully extracted 11 news teasers\n",
-            "{\n",
-            "  \"category\": \"Business News\",\n",
-            "  \"headline\": \"NBC ripped up its Olympics playbook for 2024 \\u2014 so far, the new strategy paid off\",\n",
-            "  \"summary\": \"The Olympics have long been key to NBCUniversal. Paris marked the 18th Olympic Games broadcast by NBC in the U.S.\",\n",
-            "  \"time\": \"13h ago\",\n",
-            "  \"image\": {\n",
-            "    \"src\": \"https://media-cldnry.s-nbcnews.com/image/upload/t_focal-200x100,f_auto,q_auto:best/rockcms/2024-09/240903-nbc-olympics-ch-1344-c7a486.jpg\",\n",
-            "    \"alt\": \"Mike Tirico.\"\n",
-            "  },\n",
-            "  \"link\": \"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\"\n",
-            "}\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "async def extract_news_teasers():\n",
-        "    schema = {\n",
-        "        \"name\": \"News Teaser Extractor\",\n",
-        "        \"baseSelector\": \".wide-tease-item__wrapper\",\n",
-        "        \"fields\": [\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"category\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \".unibrow span[data-testid='unibrow-text']\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"text\",\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"headline\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \".wide-tease-item__headline\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"text\",\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"summary\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \".wide-tease-item__description\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"text\",\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"time\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \"[data-testid='wide-tease-date']\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"text\",\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"image\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"nested\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \"picture.teasePicture img\",\n",
-        "                \"fields\": [\n",
-        "                    {\"name\": \"src\", \"type\": \"attribute\", \"attribute\": \"src\"},\n",
-        "                    {\"name\": \"alt\", \"type\": \"attribute\", \"attribute\": \"alt\"},\n",
-        "                ],\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "            {\n",
-        "                \"name\": \"link\",\n",
-        "                \"selector\": \"a[href]\",\n",
-        "                \"type\": \"attribute\",\n",
-        "                \"attribute\": \"href\",\n",
-        "            },\n",
-        "        ],\n",
-        "    }\n",
-        "\n",
-        "    extraction_strategy = JsonCssExtractionStrategy(schema, verbose=True)\n",
-        "\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler(verbose=True) as crawler:\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\",\n",
-        "            extraction_strategy=extraction_strategy,\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True,\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        assert result.success, \"Failed to crawl the page\"\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        news_teasers = json.loads(result.extracted_content)\n",
-        "        print(f\"Successfully extracted {len(news_teasers)} news teasers\")\n",
-        "        print(json.dumps(news_teasers[0], indent=2))\n",
-        "\n",
-        "await extract_news_teasers()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "FnyVhJaByZQN"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Speed Comparison\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Let's compare the speed of Crawl4AI with Firecrawl, a paid service. Note that we can't run Firecrawl in this Colab environment, so we'll simulate its performance based on previously recorded data."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "agDD186f3wig"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "💡 **Note on Speed Comparison:**\n",
-        "\n",
-        "The speed test conducted here is running on Google Colab, where the internet speed and performance can vary and may not reflect optimal conditions. When we call Firecrawl's API, we're seeing its best performance, while Crawl4AI's performance is limited by Colab's network speed.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "For a more accurate comparison, it's recommended to run these tests on your own servers or computers with a stable and fast internet connection. Despite these limitations, Crawl4AI still demonstrates faster performance in this environment.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "If you run these tests locally, you may observe an even more significant speed advantage for Crawl4AI compared to other services."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "F7KwHv8G1LbY"
-      },
-      "outputs": [],
-      "source": [
-        "!pip install firecrawl"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": 4,
-      "metadata": {
-        "colab": {
-          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
-        },
-        "id": "91813zILyZQN",
-        "outputId": "663223db-ab89-4976-b233-05ceca62b19b"
-      },
-      "outputs": [
-        {
-          "name": "stdout",
-          "output_type": "stream",
-          "text": [
-            "Firecrawl (simulated):\n",
-            "Time taken: 4.38 seconds\n",
-            "Content length: 41967 characters\n",
-            "Images found: 49\n",
-            "\n",
-            "Crawl4AI (simple crawl):\n",
-            "Time taken: 4.22 seconds\n",
-            "Content length: 18221 characters\n",
-            "Images found: 49\n",
-            "\n",
-            "Crawl4AI (with JavaScript execution):\n",
-            "Time taken: 9.13 seconds\n",
-            "Content length: 34243 characters\n",
-            "Images found: 89\n"
-          ]
-        }
-      ],
-      "source": [
-        "import os\n",
-        "from google.colab import userdata\n",
-        "os.environ['FIRECRAWL_API_KEY'] = userdata.get('FIRECRAWL_API_KEY')\n",
-        "import time\n",
-        "from firecrawl import FirecrawlApp\n",
-        "\n",
-        "async def speed_comparison():\n",
-        "    # Simulated Firecrawl performance\n",
-        "    app = FirecrawlApp(api_key=os.environ['FIRECRAWL_API_KEY'])\n",
-        "    start = time.time()\n",
-        "    scrape_status = app.scrape_url(\n",
-        "    'https://www.nbcnews.com/business',\n",
-        "    params={'formats': ['markdown', 'html']}\n",
-        "    )\n",
-        "    end = time.time()\n",
-        "    print(\"Firecrawl (simulated):\")\n",
-        "    print(f\"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds\")\n",
-        "    print(f\"Content length: {len(scrape_status['markdown'])} characters\")\n",
-        "    print(f\"Images found: {scrape_status['markdown'].count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}\")\n",
-        "    print()\n",
-        "\n",
-        "    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:\n",
-        "        # Crawl4AI simple crawl\n",
-        "        start = time.time()\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\",\n",
-        "            word_count_threshold=0,\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True,\n",
-        "            verbose=False\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "        end = time.time()\n",
-        "        print(\"Crawl4AI (simple crawl):\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Content length: {len(result.markdown)} characters\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Images found: {result.markdown.count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}\")\n",
-        "        print()\n",
-        "\n",
-        "        # Crawl4AI with JavaScript execution\n",
-        "        start = time.time()\n",
-        "        result = await crawler.arun(\n",
-        "            url=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business\",\n",
-        "            js_code=[\"const loadMoreButton = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('button')).find(button => button.textContent.includes('Load More')); loadMoreButton && loadMoreButton.click();\"],\n",
-        "            word_count_threshold=0,\n",
-        "            bypass_cache=True,\n",
-        "            verbose=False\n",
-        "        )\n",
-        "        end = time.time()\n",
-        "        print(\"Crawl4AI (with JavaScript execution):\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Time taken: {end - start:.2f} seconds\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Content length: {len(result.markdown)} characters\")\n",
-        "        print(f\"Images found: {result.markdown.count('cldnry.s-nbcnews.com')}\")\n",
-        "\n",
-        "await speed_comparison()"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "OBFFYVJIyZQN"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "If you run on a local machine with a proper internet speed:\n",
-        "- Simple crawl: Crawl4AI is typically over 3-4 times faster than Firecrawl.\n",
-        "- With JavaScript execution: Even when executing JavaScript to load more content (potentially doubling the number of images found), Crawl4AI is still faster than Firecrawl's simple crawl.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Please note that actual performance may vary depending on network conditions and the specific content being crawled."
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "cell_type": "markdown",
-      "metadata": {
-        "id": "A6_1RK1_yZQO"
-      },
-      "source": [
-        "## Conclusion\n",
-        "\n",
-        "In this notebook, we've explored the powerful features of Crawl4AI, including:\n",
-        "\n",
-        "1. Basic crawling\n",
-        "2. JavaScript execution and CSS selector usage\n",
-        "3. Proxy support\n",
-        "4. Structured data extraction with OpenAI\n",
-        "5. Advanced multi-page crawling with JavaScript execution\n",
-        "6. Fast structured output using JsonCssExtractionStrategy\n",
-        "7. Speed comparison with other services\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Crawl4AI offers a fast, flexible, and powerful solution for web crawling and data extraction tasks. Its asynchronous architecture and advanced features make it suitable for a wide range of applications, from simple web scraping to complex, multi-page data extraction scenarios.\n",
-        "\n",
-        "For more information and advanced usage, please visit the [Crawl4AI documentation](https://docs.crawl4ai.com/).\n",
-        "\n",
-        "Happy crawling!"
-      ]
-    }
-  ],
-  "metadata": {
-    "colab": {
-      "provenance": []
-    },
-    "kernelspec": {
-      "display_name": "venv",
-      "language": "python",
-      "name": "python3"
-    },
-    "language_info": {
-      "codemirror_mode": {
-        "name": "ipython",
-        "version": 3
-      },
-      "file_extension": ".py",
-      "mimetype": "text/x-python",
-      "name": "python",
-      "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
-      "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-      "version": "3.10.13"
-    }
-  },
-  "nbformat": 4,
-  "nbformat_minor": 0
-}

pyproject.toml

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "pyperclip>=1.8.2",
     "faust-cchardet>=2.1.19",
     "aiohttp>=3.11.11",
-    "humanize>=4.10.0"
+    "humanize>=4.10.0",
 ]
 classifiers = [
     "Development Status :: 4 - Beta",

tests/20241401/test_schema_builder.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import asyncio
 from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig, CacheMode
 from crawl4ai.markdown_generation_strategy import DefaultMarkdownGenerator
 from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import JsonCssExtractionStrategy, JsonXPathExtractionStrategy
+from crawl4ai.utils import preprocess_html_for_schema, JsonXPathExtractionStrategy
 import json
 
 # Test HTML - A complex job board with companies, departments, and positions

tests/browser/docker/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Docker browser strategy tests.
+
+This package contains tests for the Docker browser strategy implementation.
+"""

tests/browser/docker/test_docker_browser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,651 @@
+"""Test examples for Docker Browser Strategy.
+
+These examples demonstrate the functionality of Docker Browser Strategy
+and serve as functional tests.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import sys
+import shutil
+import uuid
+
+# Add the project root to Python path if running directly
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../../..')))
+
+from crawl4ai.browser import BrowserManager
+from crawl4ai.async_configs import BrowserConfig, CrawlerRunConfig
+from crawl4ai.async_logger import AsyncLogger
+from crawl4ai.browser import DockerConfig
+from crawl4ai.browser import DockerRegistry
+from crawl4ai.browser import DockerUtils
+
+# Create a logger for clear terminal output
+logger = AsyncLogger(verbose=True, log_file=None)
+
+# Global Docker utils instance
+docker_utils = DockerUtils(logger)
+
+async def test_docker_components():
+    """Test Docker utilities, registry, and image building.
+    
+    This function tests the core Docker components before running the browser tests.
+    It validates DockerRegistry, DockerUtils, and builds test images to ensure
+    everything is functioning correctly.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker components", tag="SETUP")
+    
+    # Create a test registry directory
+    registry_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "test_registry")
+    registry_file = os.path.join(registry_dir, "test_registry.json")
+    os.makedirs(registry_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    try:
+        # 1. Test DockerRegistry
+        logger.info("Testing DockerRegistry...", tag="SETUP")
+        registry = DockerRegistry(registry_file)
+        
+        # Test saving and loading registry
+        test_container_id = "test-container-123"
+        registry.register_container(test_container_id, 9876, "test-hash-123")
+        registry.save()
+        
+        # Create a new registry instance that loads from the file
+        registry2 = DockerRegistry(registry_file)
+        port = registry2.get_container_host_port(test_container_id)
+        hash_value = registry2.get_container_config_hash(test_container_id)
+        
+        if port != 9876 or hash_value != "test-hash-123":
+            logger.error("DockerRegistry persistence failed", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+            
+        # Clean up test container from registry
+        registry2.unregister_container(test_container_id)
+        logger.success("DockerRegistry works correctly", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # 2. Test DockerUtils
+        logger.info("Testing DockerUtils...", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Test port detection
+        in_use = docker_utils.is_port_in_use(22)  # SSH port is usually in use
+        logger.info(f"Port 22 in use: {in_use}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Get next available port
+        available_port = docker_utils.get_next_available_port(9000)
+        logger.info(f"Next available port: {available_port}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Test config hash generation
+        config_dict = {"mode": "connect", "headless": True}
+        config_hash = docker_utils.generate_config_hash(config_dict)
+        logger.info(f"Generated config hash: {config_hash[:8]}...", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # 3. Test Docker is available
+        logger.info("Checking Docker availability...", tag="SETUP")
+        if not await check_docker_available():
+            logger.error("Docker is not available - cannot continue tests", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+            
+        # 4. Test building connect image
+        logger.info("Building connect mode Docker image...", tag="SETUP")
+        connect_image = await docker_utils.ensure_docker_image_exists(None, "connect")
+        if not connect_image:
+            logger.error("Failed to build connect mode image", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+        logger.success(f"Successfully built connect image: {connect_image}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # 5. Test building launch image
+        logger.info("Building launch mode Docker image...", tag="SETUP")
+        launch_image = await docker_utils.ensure_docker_image_exists(None, "launch")
+        if not launch_image:
+            logger.error("Failed to build launch mode image", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+        logger.success(f"Successfully built launch image: {launch_image}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # 6. Test creating and removing container
+        logger.info("Testing container creation and removal...", tag="SETUP")
+        container_id = await docker_utils.create_container(
+            image_name=launch_image,
+            host_port=available_port,
+            container_name="crawl4ai-test-container"
+        )
+        
+        if not container_id:
+            logger.error("Failed to create test container", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+            
+        logger.info(f"Created test container: {container_id[:12]}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Verify container is running
+        running = await docker_utils.is_container_running(container_id)
+        if not running:
+            logger.error("Test container is not running", tag="SETUP")
+            await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id)
+            return False
+            
+        # Test commands in container
+        logger.info("Testing command execution in container...", tag="SETUP")
+        returncode, stdout, stderr = await docker_utils.exec_in_container(
+            container_id, ["ls", "-la", "/"]
+        )
+        
+        if returncode != 0:
+            logger.error(f"Command execution failed: {stderr}", tag="SETUP")
+            await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id)
+            return False
+            
+        # Verify Chrome is installed in the container
+        returncode, stdout, stderr = await docker_utils.exec_in_container(
+            container_id, ["which", "chromium"]
+        )
+        
+        if returncode != 0:
+            logger.error("Chrome not found in container", tag="SETUP")
+            await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id)
+            return False
+            
+        chrome_path = stdout.strip()
+        logger.info(f"Chrome found at: {chrome_path}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Test Chrome version
+        returncode, stdout, stderr = await docker_utils.exec_in_container(
+            container_id, ["chromium", "--version"]
+        )
+        
+        if returncode != 0:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to get Chrome version: {stderr}", tag="SETUP")
+            await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id)
+            return False
+            
+        logger.info(f"Chrome version: {stdout.strip()}", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # Remove test container
+        removed = await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id)
+        if not removed:
+            logger.error("Failed to remove test container", tag="SETUP")
+            return False
+            
+        logger.success("Test container removed successfully", tag="SETUP")
+        
+        # All components tested successfully
+        logger.success("All Docker components tested successfully", tag="SETUP")
+        return True
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Docker component tests failed: {str(e)}", tag="SETUP")
+        return False
+    finally:
+        # Clean up registry test directory
+        if os.path.exists(registry_dir):
+            shutil.rmtree(registry_dir)
+
+async def test_docker_connect_mode():
+    """Test Docker browser in connect mode.
+    
+    This tests the basic functionality of creating a browser in Docker
+    connect mode and using it for navigation.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker browser in connect mode", tag="TEST")
+    
+    # Create temp directory for user data
+    temp_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "tmp_user_data")
+    os.makedirs(temp_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    try:
+        # Create Docker configuration
+        docker_config = DockerConfig(
+            mode="connect",
+            persistent=False,
+            remove_on_exit=True,
+            user_data_dir=temp_dir
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser configuration
+        browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            docker_config=docker_config
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser manager
+        manager = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the browser
+        await manager.start()
+        logger.info("Browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create crawler config
+        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(url="https://example.com")
+        
+        # Get a page
+        page, context = await manager.get_page(crawler_config)
+        logger.info("Got page successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Navigate to a website
+        await page.goto("https://example.com")
+        logger.info("Navigated to example.com", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get page title
+        title = await page.title()
+        logger.info(f"Page title: {title}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Clean up
+        await manager.close()
+        logger.info("Browser closed successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Test failed: {str(e)}", tag="TEST")
+        # Ensure cleanup
+        try:
+            await manager.close()
+        except:
+            pass
+        return False
+    finally:
+        # Clean up the temp directory
+        if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
+
+async def test_docker_launch_mode():
+    """Test Docker browser in launch mode.
+    
+    This tests launching a Chrome browser within a Docker container
+    on demand with custom settings.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker browser in launch mode", tag="TEST")
+    
+    # Create temp directory for user data
+    temp_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "tmp_user_data_launch")
+    os.makedirs(temp_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    try:
+        # Create Docker configuration
+        docker_config = DockerConfig(
+            mode="launch",
+            persistent=False,
+            remove_on_exit=True,
+            user_data_dir=temp_dir
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser configuration
+        browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            text_mode=True,  # Enable text mode for faster operation
+            docker_config=docker_config
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser manager
+        manager = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the browser
+        await manager.start()
+        logger.info("Browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create crawler config
+        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig(url="https://example.com")
+        
+        # Get a page
+        page, context = await manager.get_page(crawler_config)
+        logger.info("Got page successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Navigate to a website
+        await page.goto("https://example.com")
+        logger.info("Navigated to example.com", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get page title
+        title = await page.title()
+        logger.info(f"Page title: {title}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Clean up
+        await manager.close()
+        logger.info("Browser closed successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Test failed: {str(e)}", tag="TEST")
+        # Ensure cleanup
+        try:
+            await manager.close()
+        except:
+            pass
+        return False
+    finally:
+        # Clean up the temp directory
+        if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
+
+async def test_docker_persistent_storage():
+    """Test Docker browser with persistent storage.
+    
+    This tests creating localStorage data in one session and verifying
+    it persists to another session when using persistent storage.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker browser with persistent storage", tag="TEST")
+    
+    # Create a unique temp directory
+    test_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]
+    temp_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), f"tmp_user_data_persist_{test_id}")
+    os.makedirs(temp_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    manager1 = None
+    manager2 = None
+    
+    try:
+        # Create Docker configuration with persistence
+        docker_config = DockerConfig(
+            mode="connect",
+            persistent=True,  # Keep container running between sessions
+            user_data_dir=temp_dir,
+            container_user_data_dir="/data"
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser configuration
+        browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            docker_config=docker_config
+        )
+        
+        # Create first browser manager
+        manager1 = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the browser
+        await manager1.start()
+        logger.info("First browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create crawler config
+        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig()
+        
+        # Get a page
+        page1, context1 = await manager1.get_page(crawler_config)
+        
+        # Navigate to example.com
+        await page1.goto("https://example.com")
+        
+        # Set localStorage item
+        test_value = f"test_value_{test_id}"
+        await page1.evaluate(f"localStorage.setItem('test_key', '{test_value}')")
+        logger.info(f"Set localStorage test_key = {test_value}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Close the first browser manager
+        await manager1.close()
+        logger.info("First browser closed", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create second browser manager with same config
+        manager2 = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the browser
+        await manager2.start()
+        logger.info("Second browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get a page
+        page2, context2 = await manager2.get_page(crawler_config)
+        
+        # Navigate to same site
+        await page2.goto("https://example.com")
+        
+        # Get localStorage item
+        value = await page2.evaluate("localStorage.getItem('test_key')")
+        logger.info(f"Retrieved localStorage test_key = {value}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Check if persistence worked
+        if value == test_value:
+            logger.success("Storage persistence verified!", tag="TEST")
+        else:
+            logger.error(f"Storage persistence failed! Expected {test_value}, got {value}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Clean up
+        await manager2.close()
+        logger.info("Second browser closed successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        return value == test_value
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Test failed: {str(e)}", tag="TEST")
+        # Ensure cleanup
+        try:
+            if manager1:
+                await manager1.close()
+            if manager2:
+                await manager2.close()
+        except:
+            pass
+        return False
+    finally:
+        # Clean up the temp directory
+        if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
+
+async def test_docker_parallel_pages():
+    """Test Docker browser with parallel page creation.
+    
+    This tests the ability to create and use multiple pages in parallel
+    from a single Docker browser instance.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker browser with parallel pages", tag="TEST")
+    
+    try:
+        # Create Docker configuration
+        docker_config = DockerConfig(
+            mode="connect",
+            persistent=False,
+            remove_on_exit=True
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser configuration
+        browser_config = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            docker_config=docker_config
+        )
+        
+        # Create browser manager
+        manager = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the browser
+        await manager.start()
+        logger.info("Browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create crawler config
+        crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig()
+        
+        # Get multiple pages
+        page_count = 3
+        pages = await manager.get_pages(crawler_config, count=page_count)
+        logger.info(f"Got {len(pages)} pages successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        if len(pages) != page_count:
+            logger.error(f"Expected {page_count} pages, got {len(pages)}", tag="TEST")
+            await manager.close()
+            return False
+            
+        # Navigate to different sites with each page
+        tasks = []
+        for i, (page, _) in enumerate(pages):
+            tasks.append(page.goto(f"https://example.com?page={i}"))
+            
+        # Wait for all navigations to complete
+        await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+        logger.info("All pages navigated successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get titles from all pages
+        titles = []
+        for i, (page, _) in enumerate(pages):
+            title = await page.title()
+            titles.append(title)
+            logger.info(f"Page {i+1} title: {title}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Clean up
+        await manager.close()
+        logger.info("Browser closed successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Test failed: {str(e)}", tag="TEST")
+        # Ensure cleanup
+        try:
+            await manager.close()
+        except:
+            pass
+        return False
+
+async def test_docker_registry_reuse():
+    """Test Docker container reuse via registry.
+    
+    This tests that containers with matching configurations
+    are reused rather than creating new ones.
+    """
+    logger.info("Testing Docker container reuse via registry", tag="TEST")
+    
+    # Create registry for this test
+    registry_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "registry_reuse_test")
+    registry_file = os.path.join(registry_dir, "registry.json")
+    os.makedirs(registry_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    
+    manager1 = None
+    manager2 = None
+    container_id1 = None
+    
+    try:
+        # Create identical Docker configurations with custom registry
+        docker_config1 = DockerConfig(
+            mode="connect",
+            persistent=True,  # Keep container running after closing
+            registry_file=registry_file
+        )
+        
+        # Create first browser configuration
+        browser_config1 = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            docker_config=docker_config1
+        )
+        
+        # Create first browser manager
+        manager1 = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config1, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the first browser
+        await manager1.start()
+        logger.info("First browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get container ID from the strategy
+        docker_strategy1 = manager1.strategy
+        container_id1 = docker_strategy1.container_id
+        logger.info(f"First browser container ID: {container_id1[:12]}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Close the first manager but keep container running
+        await manager1.close()
+        logger.info("First browser closed", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Create second Docker configuration identical to first
+        docker_config2 = DockerConfig(
+            mode="connect",
+            persistent=True,
+            registry_file=registry_file
+        )
+        
+        # Create second browser configuration
+        browser_config2 = BrowserConfig(
+            browser_mode="docker",
+            headless=True,
+            docker_config=docker_config2
+        )
+        
+        # Create second browser manager
+        manager2 = BrowserManager(browser_config=browser_config2, logger=logger)
+        
+        # Start the second browser - should reuse existing container
+        await manager2.start()
+        logger.info("Second browser started successfully", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Get container ID from the second strategy
+        docker_strategy2 = manager2.strategy
+        container_id2 = docker_strategy2.container_id
+        logger.info(f"Second browser container ID: {container_id2[:12]}", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Verify container reuse
+        if container_id1 == container_id2:
+            logger.success("Container reuse successful - using same container!", tag="TEST")
+        else:
+            logger.error("Container reuse failed - new container created!", tag="TEST")
+        
+        # Clean up
+        docker_strategy2.docker_config.persistent = False
+        docker_strategy2.docker_config.remove_on_exit = True
+        await manager2.close()
+        logger.info("Second browser closed and container removed", tag="TEST")
+        
+        return container_id1 == container_id2
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Test failed: {str(e)}", tag="TEST")
+        # Ensure cleanup
+        try:
+            if manager1:
+                await manager1.close()
+            if manager2:
+                await manager2.close()
+            # Make sure container is removed
+            if container_id1:
+                await docker_utils.remove_container(container_id1, force=True)
+        except:
+            pass
+        return False
+    finally:
+        # Clean up registry directory
+        if os.path.exists(registry_dir):
+            shutil.rmtree(registry_dir)
+
+async def run_tests():
+    """Run all tests sequentially."""
+    results = []
+    
+    logger.info("Starting Docker Browser Strategy tests", tag="TEST")
+    
+    # Check if Docker is available
+    if not await check_docker_available():
+        logger.error("Docker is not available - skipping tests", tag="TEST")
+        return
+    
+    # First test Docker components
+    # setup_result = await test_docker_components()
+    # if not setup_result:
+    #     logger.error("Docker component tests failed - skipping browser tests", tag="TEST")
+    #     return
+    
+    # Run browser tests
+    results.append(await test_docker_connect_mode())
+    results.append(await test_docker_launch_mode())
+    results.append(await test_docker_persistent_storage())
+    results.append(await test_docker_parallel_pages())
+    results.append(await test_docker_registry_reuse())
+    
+    # Print summary
+    total = len(results)
+    passed = sum(1 for r in results if r)
+    logger.info(f"Tests complete: {passed}/{total} passed", tag="SUMMARY")
+    
+    if passed == total:
+        logger.success("All tests passed!", tag="SUMMARY")
+    else:
+        logger.error(f"{total - passed} tests failed", tag="SUMMARY")
+
+async def check_docker_available() -> bool:
+    """Check if Docker is available on the system.
+    
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if Docker is available, False otherwise
+    """
+    try:
+        proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+            "docker", "--version",
+            stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        stdout, _ = await proc.communicate()
+        return proc.returncode == 0 and stdout
+    except:
+        return False
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(run_tests())