ayrisdev/crawl4ai
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Fix critical RCE and LFI vulnerabilities in Docker API deployment

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Security fixes for vulnerabilities reported by ProjectDiscovery:

1. Remote Code Execution via Hooks (CVE pending)
   - Remove __import__ from allowed_builtins in hook_manager.py
   - Prevents arbitrary module imports (os, subprocess, etc.)
   - Hooks now disabled by default via CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED env var

2. Local File Inclusion via file:// URLs (CVE pending)
   - Add URL scheme validation to /execute_js, /screenshot, /pdf, /html
   - Block file://, javascript:, data: and other dangerous schemes
   - Only allow http://, https://, and raw: (where appropriate)

3. Security hardening
   - Add CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=false as default (opt-in for hooks)
   - Add security warning comments in config.yml
   - Add validate_url_scheme() helper for consistent validation

Testing:
   - Add unit tests (test_security_fixes.py) - 16 tests
   - Add integration tests (run_security_tests.py) for live server

Affected endpoints:
   - POST /crawl (hooks disabled by default)
   - POST /crawl/stream (hooks disabled by default)
   - POST /execute_js (URL validation added)
   - POST /screenshot (URL validation added)
   - POST /pdf (URL validation added)
   - POST /html (URL validation added)

Breaking changes:
   - Hooks require CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=true to function
   - file:// URLs no longer work on API endpoints (use library directly)
This commit is contained in:
unclecode
2026-01-12 04:14:37 +00:00
parent 6b2dca76c3
commit f24396c23e
5 changed files with 399 additions and 4 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

4
deploy/docker/config.yml
View File

@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@ rate_limiting:
storage_uri: "memory://" # Use "redis://localhost:6379" for production
# Security Configuration
# WARNING: For production deployments, enable security and use proper SECRET_KEY:
# - Set jwt_enabled: true for authentication
# - Set SECRET_KEY environment variable to a secure random value
# - Set CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=true only if you need hooks (RCE risk)
security:
enabled: false
jwt_enabled: false

6
deploy/docker/hook_manager.py
View File

@@ -117,18 +117,18 @@ class UserHookManager:
"""
try:
# Create a safe namespace for the hook
# Use a more complete builtins that includes __import__
# SECURITY: No __import__ to prevent arbitrary module imports (RCE risk)
import builtins
safe_builtins = {}
# Add safe built-in functions
# Add safe built-in functions (no __import__ for security)
allowed_builtins = [
'print', 'len', 'str', 'int', 'float', 'bool',
'list', 'dict', 'set', 'tuple', 'range', 'enumerate',
'zip', 'map', 'filter', 'any', 'all', 'sum', 'min', 'max',
'sorted', 'reversed', 'abs', 'round', 'isinstance', 'type',
'getattr', 'hasattr', 'setattr', 'callable', 'iter', 'next',
'__import__', '__build_class__' # Required for exec
'__build_class__' # Required for class definitions in exec
]
for name in allowed_builtins:

25
deploy/docker/server.py
View File

@@ -79,6 +79,10 @@ __version__ = "0.5.1-d1"
MAX_PAGES = config["crawler"]["pool"].get("max_pages", 30)
GLOBAL_SEM = asyncio.Semaphore(MAX_PAGES)
# ── security feature flags ───────────────────────────────────
# Hooks are disabled by default for security (RCE risk). Set to "true" to enable.
HOOKS_ENABLED = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", "false").lower() == "true"
# ── default browser config helper ─────────────────────────────
def get_default_browser_config() -> BrowserConfig:
"""Get default BrowserConfig from config.yml."""
@@ -236,6 +240,19 @@ async def add_security_headers(request: Request, call_next):
resp.headers.update(config["security"]["headers"])
return resp
# ───────────────── URL validation helper ─────────────────
ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES = ("http://", "https://")
ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES_WITH_RAW = ("http://", "https://", "raw:", "raw://")
def validate_url_scheme(url: str, allow_raw: bool = False) -> None:
"""Validate URL scheme to prevent file:// LFI attacks."""
allowed = ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES_WITH_RAW if allow_raw else ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES
if not url.startswith(allowed):
schemes = ", ".join(allowed)
raise HTTPException(400, f"URL must start with {schemes}")
# ───────────────── safe config‑dump helper ─────────────────
ALLOWED_TYPES = {
"CrawlerRunConfig": CrawlerRunConfig,
@@ -337,6 +354,7 @@ async def generate_html(
Crawls the URL, preprocesses the raw HTML for schema extraction, and returns the processed HTML.
Use when you need sanitized HTML structures for building schemas or further processing.
"""
validate_url_scheme(body.url, allow_raw=True)
from crawler_pool import get_crawler
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig()
try:
@@ -368,6 +386,7 @@ async def generate_screenshot(
Use when you need an image snapshot of the rendered page. Its recommened to provide an output path to save the screenshot.
Then in result instead of the screenshot you will get a path to the saved file.
"""
validate_url_scheme(body.url)
from crawler_pool import get_crawler
try:
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig(screenshot=True, screenshot_wait_for=body.screenshot_wait_for)
@@ -402,6 +421,7 @@ async def generate_pdf(
Use when you need a printable or archivable snapshot of the page. It is recommended to provide an output path to save the PDF.
Then in result instead of the PDF you will get a path to the saved file.
"""
validate_url_scheme(body.url)
from crawler_pool import get_crawler
try:
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig(pdf=True)
@@ -474,6 +494,7 @@ async def execute_js(
```
"""
validate_url_scheme(body.url)
from crawler_pool import get_crawler
try:
cfg = CrawlerRunConfig(js_code=body.scripts)
@@ -600,6 +621,8 @@ async def crawl(
"""
if not crawl_request.urls:
raise HTTPException(400, "At least one URL required")
if crawl_request.hooks and not HOOKS_ENABLED:
raise HTTPException(403, "Hooks are disabled. Set CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=true to enable.")
# Check whether it is a redirection for a streaming request
crawler_config = CrawlerRunConfig.load(crawl_request.crawler_config)
if crawler_config.stream:
@@ -635,6 +658,8 @@ async def crawl_stream(
):
if not crawl_request.urls:
raise HTTPException(400, "At least one URL required")
if crawl_request.hooks and not HOOKS_ENABLED:
raise HTTPException(403, "Hooks are disabled. Set CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=true to enable.")
return await stream_process(crawl_request=crawl_request)

196
deploy/docker/tests/run_security_tests.py Executable file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Security Integration Tests for Crawl4AI Docker API.
Tests that security fixes are working correctly against a running server.
Usage:
python run_security_tests.py [base_url]
Example:
python run_security_tests.py http://localhost:11235
"""
import subprocess
import sys
import re
# Colors for terminal output
GREEN = '\033[0;32m'
RED = '\033[0;31m'
YELLOW = '\033[1;33m'
NC = '\033[0m' # No Color
PASSED = 0
FAILED = 0
def run_curl(args: list) -> str:
"""Run curl command and return output."""
try:
result = subprocess.run(
['curl', '-s'] + args,
capture_output=True,
text=True,
timeout=30
)
return result.stdout + result.stderr
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
return "TIMEOUT"
except Exception as e:
return str(e)
def test_expect(name: str, expect_pattern: str, curl_args: list) -> bool:
"""Run a test and check if output matches expected pattern."""
global PASSED, FAILED
result = run_curl(curl_args)
if re.search(expect_pattern, result, re.IGNORECASE):
print(f"{GREEN}✓{NC} {name}")
PASSED += 1
return True
else:
print(f"{RED}✗{NC} {name}")
print(f" Expected pattern: {expect_pattern}")
print(f" Got: {result[:200]}")
FAILED += 1
return False
def main():
global PASSED, FAILED
base_url = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "http://localhost:11235"
print("=" * 60)
print("Crawl4AI Security Integration Tests")
print(f"Target: {base_url}")
print("=" * 60)
print()
# Check server availability
print("Checking server availability...")
result = run_curl(['-o', '/dev/null', '-w', '%{http_code}', f'{base_url}/health'])
if '200' not in result:
print(f"{RED}ERROR: Server not reachable at {base_url}{NC}")
print("Please start the server first.")
sys.exit(1)
print(f"{GREEN}Server is running{NC}")
print()
# === Part A: Security Tests ===
print("=== Part A: Security Tests ===")
print("(Vulnerabilities must be BLOCKED)")
print()
test_expect(
"A1: Hooks disabled by default (403)",
r"403|disabled|Hooks are disabled",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/crawl',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"urls":["https://example.com"],"hooks":{"code":{"on_page_context_created":"async def hook(page, context, **kwargs): return page"}}}']
)
test_expect(
"A2: file:// blocked on /execute_js (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/execute_js',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"file:///etc/passwd","scripts":["1"]}']
)
test_expect(
"A3: file:// blocked on /screenshot (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/screenshot',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"file:///etc/passwd"}']
)
test_expect(
"A4: file:// blocked on /pdf (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/pdf',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"file:///etc/passwd"}']
)
test_expect(
"A5: file:// blocked on /html (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/html',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"file:///etc/passwd"}']
)
print()
# === Part B: Functionality Tests ===
print("=== Part B: Functionality Tests ===")
print("(Normal operations must WORK)")
print()
test_expect(
"B1: Basic crawl works",
r"success.*true|results",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/crawl',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"urls":["https://example.com"]}']
)
test_expect(
"B2: /md works with https://",
r"success.*true|markdown",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/md',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"https://example.com"}']
)
test_expect(
"B3: Health endpoint works",
r"ok",
[f'{base_url}/health']
)
print()
# === Part C: Edge Cases ===
print("=== Part C: Edge Cases ===")
print("(Malformed input must be REJECTED)")
print()
test_expect(
"C1: javascript: URL rejected (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/execute_js',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"javascript:alert(1)","scripts":["1"]}']
)
test_expect(
"C2: data: URL rejected (400)",
r"400|must start with",
['-X', 'POST', f'{base_url}/execute_js',
'-H', 'Content-Type: application/json',
'-d', '{"url":"data:text/html,<h1>test</h1>","scripts":["1"]}']
)
print()
print("=" * 60)
print("Results")
print("=" * 60)
print(f"Passed: {GREEN}{PASSED}{NC}")
print(f"Failed: {RED}{FAILED}{NC}")
print()
if FAILED > 0:
print(f"{RED}SOME TESTS FAILED{NC}")
sys.exit(1)
else:
print(f"{GREEN}ALL TESTS PASSED{NC}")
sys.exit(0)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

170
deploy/docker/tests/test_security_fixes.py Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Unit tests for security fixes.
These tests verify the security fixes at the code level without needing a running server.
"""
import sys
import os
# Add parent directory to path to import modules
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
import unittest
class TestURLValidation(unittest.TestCase):
"""Test URL scheme validation helper."""
def setUp(self):
"""Set up test fixtures."""
# Import the validation constants and function
self.ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES = ("http://", "https://")
self.ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES_WITH_RAW = ("http://", "https://", "raw:", "raw://")
def validate_url_scheme(self, url: str, allow_raw: bool = False) -> bool:
"""Local version of validate_url_scheme for testing."""
allowed = self.ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES_WITH_RAW if allow_raw else self.ALLOWED_URL_SCHEMES
return url.startswith(allowed)
# === SECURITY TESTS: These URLs must be BLOCKED ===
def test_file_url_blocked(self):
"""file:// URLs must be blocked (LFI vulnerability)."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("file:///etc/passwd"))
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("file:///etc/passwd", allow_raw=True))
def test_file_url_blocked_windows(self):
"""file:// URLs with Windows paths must be blocked."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("file:///C:/Windows/System32/config/sam"))
def test_javascript_url_blocked(self):
"""javascript: URLs must be blocked (XSS)."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("javascript:alert(1)"))
def test_data_url_blocked(self):
"""data: URLs must be blocked."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("data:text/html,<script>alert(1)</script>"))
def test_ftp_url_blocked(self):
"""ftp: URLs must be blocked."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("ftp://example.com/file"))
def test_empty_url_blocked(self):
"""Empty URLs must be blocked."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme(""))
def test_relative_url_blocked(self):
"""Relative URLs must be blocked."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("/etc/passwd"))
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("../../../etc/passwd"))
# === FUNCTIONALITY TESTS: These URLs must be ALLOWED ===
def test_http_url_allowed(self):
"""http:// URLs must be allowed."""
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("http://example.com"))
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("http://localhost:8080"))
def test_https_url_allowed(self):
"""https:// URLs must be allowed."""
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("https://example.com"))
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("https://example.com/path?query=1"))
def test_raw_url_allowed_when_enabled(self):
"""raw: URLs must be allowed when allow_raw=True."""
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("raw:<html></html>", allow_raw=True))
self.assertTrue(self.validate_url_scheme("raw://<html></html>", allow_raw=True))
def test_raw_url_blocked_when_disabled(self):
"""raw: URLs must be blocked when allow_raw=False."""
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("raw:<html></html>", allow_raw=False))
self.assertFalse(self.validate_url_scheme("raw://<html></html>", allow_raw=False))
class TestHookBuiltins(unittest.TestCase):
"""Test that dangerous builtins are removed from hooks."""
def test_import_not_in_allowed_builtins(self):
"""__import__ must NOT be in allowed_builtins."""
allowed_builtins = [
'print', 'len', 'str', 'int', 'float', 'bool',
'list', 'dict', 'set', 'tuple', 'range', 'enumerate',
'zip', 'map', 'filter', 'any', 'all', 'sum', 'min', 'max',
'sorted', 'reversed', 'abs', 'round', 'isinstance', 'type',
'getattr', 'hasattr', 'setattr', 'callable', 'iter', 'next',
'__build_class__' # Required for class definitions in exec
]
self.assertNotIn('__import__', allowed_builtins)
self.assertNotIn('eval', allowed_builtins)
self.assertNotIn('exec', allowed_builtins)
self.assertNotIn('compile', allowed_builtins)
self.assertNotIn('open', allowed_builtins)
def test_build_class_in_allowed_builtins(self):
"""__build_class__ must be in allowed_builtins (needed for class definitions)."""
allowed_builtins = [
'print', 'len', 'str', 'int', 'float', 'bool',
'list', 'dict', 'set', 'tuple', 'range', 'enumerate',
'zip', 'map', 'filter', 'any', 'all', 'sum', 'min', 'max',
'sorted', 'reversed', 'abs', 'round', 'isinstance', 'type',
'getattr', 'hasattr', 'setattr', 'callable', 'iter', 'next',
'__build_class__'
]
self.assertIn('__build_class__', allowed_builtins)
class TestHooksEnabled(unittest.TestCase):
"""Test HOOKS_ENABLED environment variable logic."""
def test_hooks_disabled_by_default(self):
"""Hooks must be disabled by default."""
# Simulate the default behavior
hooks_enabled = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", "false").lower() == "true"
# Clear any existing env var to test default
original = os.environ.pop("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", None)
try:
hooks_enabled = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", "false").lower() == "true"
self.assertFalse(hooks_enabled)
finally:
if original is not None:
os.environ["CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED"] = original
def test_hooks_enabled_when_true(self):
"""Hooks must be enabled when CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=true."""
original = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED")
try:
os.environ["CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED"] = "true"
hooks_enabled = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", "false").lower() == "true"
self.assertTrue(hooks_enabled)
finally:
if original is not None:
os.environ["CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED"] = original
else:
os.environ.pop("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", None)
def test_hooks_disabled_when_false(self):
"""Hooks must be disabled when CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED=false."""
original = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED")
try:
os.environ["CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED"] = "false"
hooks_enabled = os.environ.get("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", "false").lower() == "true"
self.assertFalse(hooks_enabled)
finally:
if original is not None:
os.environ["CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED"] = original
else:
os.environ.pop("CRAWL4AI_HOOKS_ENABLED", None)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("=" * 60)
print("Crawl4AI Security Fixes - Unit Tests")
print("=" * 60)
print()
# Run tests with verbosity
unittest.main(verbosity=2)