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feat(core): release version 0.5.0 with deep crawling and CLI

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This major release adds deep crawling capabilities, memory-adaptive dispatcher,
multiple crawling strategies, Docker deployment, and a new CLI. It also includes
significant improvements to proxy handling, PDF processing, and LLM integration.

BREAKING CHANGES:
- Add memory-adaptive dispatcher as default for arun_many()
- Move max_depth to CrawlerRunConfig
- Replace ScrapingMode enum with strategy pattern
- Update BrowserContext API
- Make model fields optional with defaults
- Remove content_filter parameter from CrawlerRunConfig
- Remove synchronous WebCrawler and old CLI
- Update Docker deployment configuration
- Replace FastFilterChain with FilterChain
- Change license to Apache 2.0 with attribution clause
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@@ -4,6 +4,67 @@ Welcome to the Crawl4AI blog! Here you'll find detailed release notes, technical
## Latest Release
### [Crawl4AI v0.5.0: Deep Crawling, Scalability, and a New CLI!](releases/0.5.0.md)
My dear friends and crawlers, there you go, this is the release of Crawl4AI v0.5.0! This release brings a wealth of new features, performance improvements, and a more streamlined developer experience. Here's a breakdown of what's new:
**Major New Features:**
* **Deep Crawling:** Explore entire websites with configurable strategies (BFS, DFS, Best-First). Define custom filters and URL scoring for targeted crawls.
* **Memory-Adaptive Dispatcher:** Handle large-scale crawls with ease! Our new dispatcher dynamically adjusts concurrency based on available memory and includes built-in rate limiting.
* **Multiple Crawler Strategies:** Choose between the full-featured Playwright browser-based crawler or a new, *much* faster HTTP-only crawler for simpler tasks.
* **Docker Deployment:** Deploy Crawl4AI as a scalable, self-contained service with built-in API endpoints and optional JWT authentication.
* **Command-Line Interface (CLI):** Interact with Crawl4AI directly from your terminal. Crawl, configure, and extract data with simple commands.
* **LLM Configuration (`LlmConfig`):** A new, unified way to configure LLM providers (OpenAI, Anthropic, Ollama, etc.) for extraction, filtering, and schema generation. Simplifies API key management and switching between models.
**Minor Updates & Improvements:**
* **LXML Scraping Mode:** Faster HTML parsing with `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy`.
* **Proxy Rotation:** Added `ProxyRotationStrategy` with a `RoundRobinProxyStrategy` implementation.
* **PDF Processing:** Extract text, images, and metadata from PDF files.
* **URL Redirection Tracking:** Automatically follows and records redirects.
* **Robots.txt Compliance:** Optionally respect website crawling rules.
* **LLM-Powered Schema Generation:** Automatically create extraction schemas using an LLM.
* **`LLMContentFilter`:** Generate high-quality, focused markdown using an LLM.
* **Improved Error Handling & Stability:** Numerous bug fixes and performance enhancements.
* **Enhanced Documentation:** Updated guides and examples.
**Breaking Changes & Migration:**
This release includes several breaking changes to improve the library's structure and consistency. Here's what you need to know:
* **`arun_many()` Behavior:** Now uses the `MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher` by default. The return type depends on the `stream` parameter in `CrawlerRunConfig`. Adjust code that relied on unbounded concurrency.
* **`max_depth` Location:** Moved to `CrawlerRunConfig` and now controls *crawl depth*.
* **Deep Crawling Imports:** Import `DeepCrawlStrategy` and related classes from `crawl4ai.deep_crawling`.
* **`BrowserContext` API:** Updated; the old `get_context` method is deprecated.
* **Optional Model Fields:** Many data model fields are now optional. Handle potential `None` values.
* **`ScrapingMode` Enum:** Replaced with strategy pattern (`WebScrapingStrategy`, `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy`).
* **`content_filter` Parameter:** Removed from `CrawlerRunConfig`. Use extraction strategies or markdown generators with filters.
* **Removed Functionality:** The synchronous `WebCrawler`, the old CLI, and docs management tools have been removed.
* **Docker:** Significant changes to deployment. See the [Docker documentation](../deploy/docker/README.md).
* **`ssl_certificate.json`:** This file has been removed.
* **Config**: FastFilterChain has been replaced with FilterChain
* **Deep-Crawl**: DeepCrawlStrategy.arun now returns Union[CrawlResultT, List[CrawlResultT], AsyncGenerator[CrawlResultT, None]]
* **Proxy**: Removed synchronous WebCrawler support and related rate limiting configurations
* **LLM Parameters:** Use the new `LlmConfig` object instead of passing `provider`, `api_token`, `base_url`, and `api_base` directly to `LLMExtractionStrategy` and `LLMContentFilter`.
**In short:** Update imports, adjust `arun_many()` usage, check for optional fields, and review the Docker deployment guide.
## License Change
Crawl4AI v0.5.0 updates the license to Apache 2.0 *with a required attribution clause*. This means you are free to use, modify, and distribute Crawl4AI (even commercially), but you *must* clearly attribute the project in any public use or distribution. See the updated `LICENSE` file for the full legal text and specific requirements.
**Get Started:**
* **Installation:** `pip install "crawl4ai[all]"` (or use the Docker image)
* **Documentation:** [https://docs.crawl4ai.com](https://docs.crawl4ai.com)
* **GitHub:** [https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai](https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai)
I'm very excited to see what you build with Crawl4AI v0.5.0!
---
### [0.4.2 - Configurable Crawlers, Session Management, and Smarter Screenshots](releases/0.4.2.md)
*December 12, 2024*

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# Crawl4AI v0.5.0 Release Notes
**Release Theme: Power, Flexibility, and Scalability**
Crawl4AI v0.5.0 is a major release focused on significantly enhancing the library's power, flexibility, and scalability. Key improvements include a new **deep crawling** system, a **memory-adaptive dispatcher** for handling large-scale crawls, **multiple crawling strategies** (including a fast HTTP-only crawler), **Docker** deployment options, and a powerful **command-line interface (CLI)**. This release also includes numerous bug fixes, performance optimizations, and documentation updates.
**Important Note:** This release contains several **breaking changes**. Please review the "Breaking Changes" section carefully and update your code accordingly.
## Key Features
### 1. Deep Crawling
Crawl4AI now supports deep crawling, allowing you to explore websites beyond the initial URLs. This is controlled by the `deep_crawl_strategy` parameter in `CrawlerRunConfig`. Several strategies are available:
* **`BFSDeepCrawlStrategy` (Breadth-First Search):** Explores the website level by level. (Default)
* **`DFSDeepCrawlStrategy` (Depth-First Search):** Explores each branch as deeply as possible before backtracking.
* **`BestFirstCrawlingStrategy`:** Uses a scoring function to prioritize which URLs to crawl next.
```python
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig, BFSDeepCrawlStrategy
from crawl4ai.deep_crawling import DomainFilter, ContentTypeFilter, FilterChain
# Configure a deep crawl with BFS, limiting to a specific domain and content type.
filter_chain = FilterChain(
filters=[
DomainFilter(allowed_domains=["example.com"]),
ContentTypeFilter(allowed_types=["text/html"])
]
)
deep_crawl_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
deep_crawl_strategy=BFSDeepCrawlStrategy(max_depth=5, filter_chain=filter_chain),
stream=True # Process results as they arrive
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
async for result in await crawler.arun(url="https://example.com", config=deep_crawl_config):
print(f"Crawled: {result.url} (Depth: {result.metadata['depth']})")
```
**Breaking Change:** The `max_depth` parameter is now part of `CrawlerRunConfig` and controls the *depth* of the crawl, not the number of concurrent crawls. The `arun()` and `arun_many()` methods are now decorated to handle deep crawling strategies. Imports for deep crawling strategies have changed. See the [Deep Crawling documentation](../deep_crawling/README.md) for more details.
### 2. Memory-Adaptive Dispatcher
The new `MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher` dynamically adjusts concurrency based on available system memory and includes built-in rate limiting. This prevents out-of-memory errors and avoids overwhelming target websites.
```python
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig, MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher
# Configure the dispatcher (optional, defaults are used if not provided)
dispatcher = MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher(
memory_threshold_percent=80.0, # Pause if memory usage exceeds 80%
check_interval=0.5 # Check memory every 0.5 seconds
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
results = await crawler.arun_many(
urls=["https://example.com/1", "https://example.com/2"],
config=CrawlerRunConfig(stream=False), # Batch mode
dispatcher=dispatcher
)
# OR, for streaming:
async for result in await crawler.arun_many(urls, config=CrawlerRunConfig(stream=True), dispatcher=dispatcher):
# ...
```
**Breaking Change:** `AsyncWebCrawler.arun_many()` now uses `MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher` by default. Existing code that relied on unbounded concurrency may require adjustments.
### 3. Multiple Crawling Strategies (Playwright and HTTP)
Crawl4AI now offers two crawling strategies:
* **`AsyncPlaywrightCrawlerStrategy` (Default):** Uses Playwright for browser-based crawling, supporting JavaScript rendering and complex interactions.
* **`AsyncHTTPCrawlerStrategy`:** A lightweight, fast, and memory-efficient HTTP-only crawler. Ideal for simple scraping tasks where browser rendering is unnecessary.
```python
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig, HTTPCrawlerConfig
from crawl4ai.async_crawler_strategy import AsyncHTTPCrawlerStrategy
# Use the HTTP crawler strategy
http_crawler_config = HTTPCrawlerConfig(
method="GET",
headers={"User-Agent": "MyCustomBot/1.0"},
follow_redirects=True,
verify_ssl=True
)
async with AsyncWebCrawler(crawler_strategy=AsyncHTTPCrawlerStrategy(browser_config =http_crawler_config)) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("https://example.com")
print(f"Status code: {result.status_code}")
print(f"Content length: {len(result.html)}")
```
### 4. Docker Deployment
Crawl4AI can now be easily deployed as a Docker container, providing a consistent and isolated environment. The Docker image includes a FastAPI server with both streaming and non-streaming endpoints.
```bash
# Build the image (from the project root)
docker build -t crawl4ai .
# Run the container
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 --name crawl4ai crawl4ai
```
**API Endpoints:**
* `/crawl` (POST): Non-streaming crawl.
* `/crawl/stream` (POST): Streaming crawl (NDJSON).
* `/health` (GET): Health check.
* `/schema` (GET): Returns configuration schemas.
* `/md/{url}` (GET): Returns markdown content of the URL.
* `/llm/{url}` (GET): Returns LLM extracted content.
* `/token` (POST): Get JWT token
**Breaking Changes:**
* Docker deployment now requires a `.llm.env` file for API keys.
* Docker deployment now requires Redis and a new `config.yml` structure.
* Server startup now uses `supervisord` instead of direct process management.
* Docker server now requires authentication by default (JWT tokens).
See the [Docker deployment documentation](../deploy/docker/README.md) for detailed instructions.
### 5. Command-Line Interface (CLI)
A new CLI (`crwl`) provides convenient access to Crawl4AI's functionality from the terminal.
```bash
# Basic crawl
crwl https://example.com
# Get markdown output
crwl https://example.com -o markdown
# Use a configuration file
crwl https://example.com -B browser.yml -C crawler.yml
# Use LLM-based extraction
crwl https://example.com -e extract.yml -s schema.json
# Ask a question about the crawled content
crwl https://example.com -q "What is the main topic?"
# See usage examples
crwl --example
```
See the [CLI documentation](../docs/md_v2/core/cli.md) for more details.
### 6. LXML Scraping Mode
Added `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy` for faster HTML parsing using the `lxml` library. This can significantly improve scraping performance, especially for large or complex pages. Set `scraping_strategy=LXMLWebScrapingStrategy()` in your `CrawlerRunConfig`.
**Breaking Change:** The `ScrapingMode` enum has been replaced with a strategy pattern. Use `WebScrapingStrategy` (default) or `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy`.
### 7. Proxy Rotation
Added `ProxyRotationStrategy` abstract base class with `RoundRobinProxyStrategy` concrete implementation.
```python
from crawl4ai import (
AsyncWebCrawler,
BrowserConfig,
CrawlerRunConfig,
CacheMode,
RoundRobinProxyStrategy,
)
# Load proxies and create rotation strategy
proxies = load_proxies_from_env()
if not proxies:
print("No proxies found in environment. Set PROXIES env variable!")
return
proxy_strategy = RoundRobinProxyStrategy(proxies)
# Create configs
browser_config = BrowserConfig(headless=True, verbose=False)
run_config = CrawlerRunConfig(
cache_mode=CacheMode.BYPASS,
proxy_rotation_strategy=proxy_strategy
)
```
## Other Changes and Improvements
* **Added: `LLMContentFilter` for intelligent markdown generation.** This new filter uses an LLM to create more focused and relevant markdown output.
```python
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig, DefaultMarkdownGenerator
from crawl4ai.content_filter_strategy import LLMContentFilter
from crawl4ai.async_configs import LlmConfig
llm_config = LlmConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o", api_token="YOUR_API_KEY")
markdown_generator = DefaultMarkdownGenerator(
content_filter=LLMContentFilter(llmConfig=llm_config, instruction="Extract key concepts and summaries")
)
config = CrawlerRunConfig(markdown_generator=markdown_generator)
async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun("https://example.com/article", config=config)
print(result.markdown) # Output will be filtered and formatted by the LLM
```
* **Added: URL redirection tracking.** The crawler now automatically follows HTTP redirects (301, 302, 307, 308) and records the final URL in the `redirected_url` field of the `CrawlResult` object. No code changes are required to enable this; it's automatic.
* **Added: LLM-powered schema generation utility.** A new `generate_schema` method has been added to `JsonCssExtractionStrategy` and `JsonXPathExtractionStrategy`. This greatly simplifies creating extraction schemas.
```python
from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import JsonCssExtractionStrategy
from crawl4ai.async_configs import LlmConfig
llm_config = LlmConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o", api_token="YOUR_API_KEY")
schema = JsonCssExtractionStrategy.generate_schema(
html="<div class='product'><h2>Product Name</h2><span class='price'>$99</span></div>",
llmConfig = llm_config,
query="Extract product name and price"
)
print(schema)
# Expected Output (may vary slightly due to LLM):
# {
# "name": "ProductExtractor",
# "baseSelector": "div.product",
# "fields": [
# {"name": "name", "selector": "h2", "type": "text"},
# {"name": "price", "selector": ".price", "type": "text"}
# ]
# }
```
* **Added: robots.txt compliance support.** The crawler can now respect `robots.txt` rules. Enable this by setting `check_robots_txt=True` in `CrawlerRunConfig`.
```python
config = CrawlerRunConfig(check_robots_txt=True)
```
* **Added: PDF processing capabilities.** Crawl4AI can now extract text, images, and metadata from PDF files (both local and remote). This uses a new `PDFCrawlerStrategy` and `PDFContentScrapingStrategy`.
```python
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig
from crawl4ai.processors.pdf import PDFCrawlerStrategy, PDFContentScrapingStrategy
async with AsyncWebCrawler(crawler_strategy=PDFCrawlerStrategy()) as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
"https://example.com/document.pdf",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(
scraping_strategy=PDFContentScrapingStrategy()
)
)
print(result.markdown) # Access extracted text
print(result.metadata) # Access PDF metadata (title, author, etc.)
```
* **Added: Support for frozenset serialization.** Improves configuration serialization, especially for sets of allowed/blocked domains. No code changes required.
* **Added: New `LlmConfig` parameter.** This new parameter can be passed for extraction, filtering, and schema generation tasks. It simplifies passing provider strings, API tokens, and base URLs across all sections where LLM configuration is necessary. It also enables reuse and allows for quick experimentation between different LLM configurations.
```python
from crawl4ai.async_configs import LlmConfig
from crawl4ai.extraction_strategy import LLMExtractionStrategy
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig
# Example of using LlmConfig with LLMExtractionStrategy
llm_config = LlmConfig(provider="openai/gpt-4o", api_token="YOUR_API_KEY")
strategy = LLMExtractionStrategy(llmConfig=llm_config, schema=...)
# Example usage within a crawler
async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
result = await crawler.arun(
url="https://example.com",
config=CrawlerRunConfig(extraction_strategy=strategy)
)
```
**Breaking Change:** Removed old parameters like `provider`, `api_token`, `base_url`, and `api_base` from `LLMExtractionStrategy` and `LLMContentFilter`. Users should migrate to using the `LlmConfig` object.
* **Changed: Improved browser context management and added shared data support. (Breaking Change:** `BrowserContext` API updated). Browser contexts are now managed more efficiently, reducing resource usage. A new `shared_data` dictionary is available in the `BrowserContext` to allow passing data between different stages of the crawling process. **Breaking Change:** The `BrowserContext` API has changed, and the old `get_context` method is deprecated.
* **Changed:** Renamed `final_url` to `redirected_url` in `CrawledURL`. This improves consistency and clarity. Update any code referencing the old field name.
* **Changed:** Improved type hints and removed unused files. This is an internal improvement and should not require code changes.
* **Changed:** Reorganized deep crawling functionality into dedicated module. (**Breaking Change:** Import paths for `DeepCrawlStrategy` and related classes have changed). This improves code organization. Update imports to use the new `crawl4ai.deep_crawling` module.
* **Changed:** Improved HTML handling and cleanup codebase. (**Breaking Change:** Removed `ssl_certificate.json` file). This removes an unused file. If you were relying on this file for custom certificate validation, you'll need to implement an alternative approach.
* **Changed:** Enhanced serialization and config handling. (**Breaking Change:** `FastFilterChain` has been replaced with `FilterChain`). This change simplifies config and improves the serialization.
* **Added:** Modified the license to Apache 2.0 *with a required attribution clause*. See the `LICENSE` file for details. All users must now clearly attribute the Crawl4AI project when using, distributing, or creating derivative works.
* **Fixed:** Prevent memory leaks by ensuring proper closure of Playwright pages. No code changes required.
* **Fixed:** Make model fields optional with default values (**Breaking Change:** Code relying on all fields being present may need adjustment). Fields in data models (like `CrawledURL`) are now optional, with default values (usually `None`). Update code to handle potential `None` values.
* **Fixed:** Adjust memory threshold and fix dispatcher initialization. This is an internal bug fix; no code changes are required.
* **Fixed:** Ensure proper exit after running doctor command. No code changes are required.
* **Fixed:** JsonCss selector and crawler improvements.
* **Fixed:** Not working long page screenshot (#403)
* **Documentation:** Updated documentation URLs to the new domain.
* **Documentation:** Added SERP API project example.
* **Documentation:** Added clarifying comments for CSS selector behavior.
* **Documentation:** Add Code of Conduct for the project (#410)
## Breaking Changes Summary
* **Dispatcher:** The `MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher` is now the default for `arun_many()`, changing concurrency behavior. The return type of `arun_many` depends on the `stream` parameter.
* **Deep Crawling:** `max_depth` is now part of `CrawlerRunConfig` and controls crawl depth. Import paths for deep crawling strategies have changed.
* **Browser Context:** The `BrowserContext` API has been updated.
* **Models:** Many fields in data models are now optional, with default values.
* **Scraping Mode:** `ScrapingMode` enum replaced by strategy pattern (`WebScrapingStrategy`, `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy`).
* **Content Filter:** Removed `content_filter` parameter from `CrawlerRunConfig`. Use extraction strategies or markdown generators with filters instead.
* **Removed:** Synchronous `WebCrawler`, CLI, and docs management functionality.
* **Docker:** Significant changes to Docker deployment, including new requirements and configuration.
* **File Removed**: Removed ssl_certificate.json file which might affect existing certificate validations
* **Renamed**: final_url to redirected_url for consistency
* **Config**: FastFilterChain has been replaced with FilterChain
* **Deep-Crawl**: DeepCrawlStrategy.arun now returns Union[CrawlResultT, List[CrawlResultT], AsyncGenerator[CrawlResultT, None]]
* **Proxy**: Removed synchronous WebCrawler support and related rate limiting configurations
## Migration Guide
1. **Update Imports:** Adjust imports for `DeepCrawlStrategy`, `BreadthFirstSearchStrategy`, and related classes due to the new `deep_crawling` module structure.
2. **`CrawlerRunConfig`:** Move `max_depth` to `CrawlerRunConfig`. If using `content_filter`, migrate to an extraction strategy or a markdown generator with a filter.
3. **`arun_many()`:** Adapt code to the new `MemoryAdaptiveDispatcher` behavior and the return type.
4. **`BrowserContext`:** Update code using the `BrowserContext` API.
5. **Models:** Handle potential `None` values for optional fields in data models.
6. **Scraping:** Replace `ScrapingMode` enum with `WebScrapingStrategy` or `LXMLWebScrapingStrategy`.
7. **Docker:** Review the updated Docker documentation and adjust your deployment accordingly.
8. **CLI:** Migrate to the new `crwl` command and update any scripts using the old CLI.
9. **Proxy:**: Removed synchronous WebCrawler support and related rate limiting configurations.
10. **Config:**: Replace FastFilterChain to FilterChain