Based on the issue description, I need to create a patch for Django's Q object implementation. The issue is that applying the `|` operator to a Q object fails when the Q object contains non-pickleable types like `dict_keys`. The regression was introduced in commit `bb0b6e526340e638522e093765e534df4e4393d2`. Looking at the issue, the problem is that Django's Q object uses `copy.deepcopy()` when combining Q objects with `|` or `&` operators, and `dict_keys` objects cannot be pickled (which is required for deepcopy by default). The solution is to implement `__deepcopy__` method on the Q class (or its parent class `Node`) to handle this properly by using a deconstruct/reconstruct approach instead of relying on pickle. Based on my knowledge of Django's codebase structure and the typical location of Q objects, the fix needs to be in `django/db/models/query_utils.py` for the Q class. The issue is that the `|` operator (which calls `__or__`) uses `copy.deepcopy()` which tries to pickle objects. Here's the patch: --- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py +++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py @@ -40,7 +40,17 @@ class Q(tree.Node): def __init__(self, *args, _connector=None, _negated=False, **kwargs): super().__init__(children=[*args, *sorted(kwargs.items())], connector=_connector, negated=_negated) + def __deepcopy__(self, memo): + obj = type(self)() + obj.connector = self.connector + obj.negated = self.negated + obj.children = copy.deepcopy(self.children, memo) + return obj + def _combine(self, other, conn): + if not(isinstance(other, Q)): + raise TypeError(other) if not self: return other.copy() if not other: Wait, this isn't quite right. Let me reconsider. The issue is that `deepcopy` fails on dict_keys. The fix should be in the `deconstruct` method or we need to convert non-pickleable iterables to lists. Actually, looking at this more carefully, the real fix should be to convert the children values to lists when they are iterators/views that can't be pickled. This should happen in the `__deepcopy__` method or in the `_combine` method. Here's the correct patch: --- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py +++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +import copy import functools from collections import namedtuple @@ -46,6 +47,13 @@ class Q(tree.Node): raise TypeError(other) return self._combine(other, self.OR) + def __deepcopy__(self, memo): + obj = type(self)() + obj.connector = self.connector + obj.negated = self.negated + obj.children = copy.deepcopy(self.children, memo) + return obj + def _combine(self, other, conn): if not(isinstance(other, Q)): raise TypeError(other) Hmm, but that won't solve the issue since the deepcopy of children will still fail. The real issue is that the children contain tuples like `('x__in', dict_keys([]))` and deepcopy can't handle `dict_keys`. The proper solution is to resolve the children to pickleable types. Let me think about this again... The solution should resolve non-pickleable iterables to lists during the deepcopy. Here's the correct patch: --- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py +++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py @@ -46,6 +47,20 @@ class Q(tree.Node): raise TypeError(other) return self._combine(other, self.OR) + def _resolve_children(self): + """ + Resolve children that may contain non-pickleable iterables + (e.g., dict_keys) by converting them to lists. + """ + resolved_children = [] + for child in self.children: + if isinstance(child, tuple) and len(child) == 2: + key, value = child + if hasattr(value, '__iter__') and not isinstance(value, (str, bytes, list, tuple, set, frozenset, dict)): + value = list(value) + resolved_children.append((key, value)) + else: + resolved_children.append(child) + return resolved_children + def _combine(self, other, conn): if not(isinstance(other, Q)): raise TypeError(other) Actually, looking at this from the perspective of the actual Django codebase and the referenced commit, the simpler approach is to implement `__deepcopy__` that deconstructs and reconstructs the Q object. Let me provide the correct fix: --- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py +++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py @@ -40,6 +40,13 @@ class Q(tree.Node): def __init__(self, *args, _connector=None, _negated=False, **kwargs): super().__init__(children=[*args, *sorted(kwargs.items())], connector=_connector, negated=_negated) + def __deepcopy__(self, memo): + obj = type(self)() + obj.connector = self.connector + obj.negated = self.negated + obj.children = [(k, list(v) if hasattr(v, '__iter__') and not isinstance(v, (str, bytes, list, tuple, dict, set, frozenset)) else v) if isinstance(child, tuple) and len(child) == 2 and (k := child[0]) is not None and (v := child[1]) is not None or True else child for child in copy.deepcopy([(k, list(v) if hasattr(v, '__iter__') and not isinstance(v, (str, bytes, list, tuple, dict, set, frozenset)) else v) if isinstance(c, tuple) and len(c) == 2 and (k := c[0], v := c[1]) else c for c in self.children], memo)] + return obj That's too complex. Let me provide a cleaner solution: --- a/django/db/models/query_utils.py +++ b/django/db/models/query_utils.py @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +import copy import functools from collections import namedtuple @@ -40,6 +41,24 @@ class Q(tree.Node): def __init__(self, *args, _connector=None, _negated=False, **kwargs): super().__init__(children=[*args, *sorted(kwargs.items())], connector=_connector, negated=_negated) + def __deepcopy__(self, memo): + obj = type(self)() + obj.connector = self.connector + obj.negated = self.negated + obj.children = copy.deepcopy(self._resolve_children(), memo) + return obj + + def _resolve_children(self): + resolved = [] + for child in self.children: + if isinstance(child, tuple) and len(child) == 2: + key, value = child + if hasattr(value, '__iter__') and not isinstance(value, (str, bytes, list, tuple, set, frozenset, dict, type(None))): + child = (key, list(value)) + resolved.append(child) + return resolved + def _combine(self, other, conn): if not(isinstance(other, Q)): raise TypeError(other)