Based on the issue discussion and the hints provided, I can generate the fix. The problem is clearly identified in the GitHub issue discussion: The `_entry` method of the `Identity` class in `sympy/matrices/expressions/matexpr.py` currently returns `S.One` when `i == j` and `S.Zero` otherwise. However, this comparison fails for symbolic indices because it incorrectly assumes that if `i` and `j` are different symbols, they represent different values. The fix, as discussed in the issue, is to use `KroneckerDelta(i, j)` to properly handle the case where we don't know if `i == j` until actual values are substituted. Here is the patch: --- a/sympy/matrices/expressions/matexpr.py +++ b/sympy/matrices/expressions/matexpr.py @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ from __future__ import print_function, division from functools import wraps +from sympy.functions.special.tensor_functions import KroneckerDelta from sympy.core import S, Symbol, Tuple, Integer, Basic, Expr from sympy.core.decorators import call_highest_priority @@ -278,10 +279,11 @@ class Identity(MatrixExpr): return self.rows def _entry(self, i, j): - if i == j: - return S.One - else: - return S.Zero + eq = Eq(i, j) + if eq is S.true: + return S.One + elif eq is S.false: + return S.Zero + return KroneckerDelta(i, j) def _eval_transpose(self): return self